HMS York (90)
York at anchor, 1930
| |
History | |
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United Kingdom | |
Name | York |
Ordered | 21 October 1926 |
Builder | Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company, Jarrow |
Laid down | 16 May 1927 |
Launched | 17 July 1928 |
Commissioned | 1 May 1930 |
Identification | Pennant number: 90 |
Fate |
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General characteristics (as built) | |
Class and type | York-class heavy cruiser |
Displacement |
|
Length | 575 ft (175.3 m) |
Beam | 57 ft (17.4 m) |
Draught | 20 ft 3 in (6.2 m) |
Installed power |
|
Propulsion | 4 shafts, geared steam turbines |
Speed | 32.25 knots (59.73 km/h; 37.11 mph) |
Range | 10,000 nmi (19,000 km; 12,000 mi) at 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph) |
Complement | 628 |
Armament |
|
Armour |
HMS York was the
.Design and description
York's design was based on the earlier
York displaced 8,250 long tons (8,380 t) at
The ship mounted six 50-
York lacked a full waterline armor belt. The sides of her boiler and engine rooms were protected by 3 inches (76 mm) of armour and sides of the magazines were protected by 4.375 inches (111.1 mm) of armour. The transverse bulkheads at the end of her machinery rooms were 3.5 inches (89 mm) thick. The top and ends of the magazines were three inches thick. The lower deck over the machinery spaces and steering gear had a thickness of 1.5 inches (38 mm).[4] Space and weight was reserved for one catapult and its seaplane, but they were not fitted until after she was completed.[5] A second catapult, intended to be mounted on 'B' turret, was deleted from the design during construction.[6]
Service
York was
The ship was transferred to
In early April 1940, York, and the rest of her squadron, were assigned to carry troops under
In the Mediterranean
In August 1940 York was assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet, joining the 3rd Cruiser Squadron in Alexandria in late September, after escorting a convoy around the Cape of Good Hope. Two days later she participated in Operation MB.5, where the Mediterranean Fleet escorted the light cruisers HMS Liverpool and HMS Gloucester as they ferried troops to Malta.[22] During the Battle of Cape Passero, York sank the disabled and abandoned destroyer Artigliere on 13 October after the destroyer's engagement with the light cruiser HMS Ajax the previous evening. A month later York and the Mediterranean Fleet executed Operation MB8, a complex series of manoeuvers, including Operation Judgment, where the ship escorted the aircraft carrier HMS Illustrious as her aircraft attacked the Italian Fleet at Taranto on the evening of 11/12 November. A few days later York ferried British troops from Alexandria, Egypt, to Piraeus, Greece. On 26 November, York, and the rest of the 3rd Cruiser Squadron, covered a small convoy to Malta.[23]
The Mediterranean Fleet, including York, sortied on 16 December to conduct air strikes on Italian shipping, airbases on
Sinking
York was
Footnotes
- ^ Raven and Roberts, pp. 132–33
- ^ Raven and Roberts, pp. 133, 414
- ^ Whitley, p. 92
- ^ a b c Raven and Roberts, p. 414
- ^ Raven and Roberts, p. 266
- ^ Raven and Roberts, p. 133
- ^ Raven and Roberts, pp. 139, 414
- ^ Advertisement for A subscription ball to take place on Wednesday, April 24th, 1935 in aid of the Lady Cubbitt Compassionate Fund at the Princess Hotel, Page 2. The Royal Gazette, City of Hamilton, Bermuda. 27 March 1935
- ^ H.M.S. York and Exeter due here on Friday: Latest additions to Squadron are up-to-date warships, Page 1. The Royal Gazette, City of Hamilton, Bermuda. 1 May 1934
- ^ "KING'S COLOURS TAKEN BY H.M.S. BERWICK. Admiral Meyrick Present at Ceremony Yesterday. YORK SAILS FOR HOME TODAY". The Royal Gazette. City of Hamilton, Pembroke, Bermuda. 31 March 1939. Pages 1, 2, and 7.
- ^ "NAVAL AND MILITARY NOTES: YORK OVERHAULED". The Royal Gazette. City of Hamilton, Pembroke, Bermuda. 12 August 1939. p. 16.
LONDON, August 2. (By Mail)-Today, H.M.S. York, recently over-hauled at Chatham, left for Spithead, where she will take part in the naval review by the King before leaving for the America and West India station.
- ^ "H.M.S. YORK COMMANDED BY CAPTAIN R.H. PORTAL". The Royal Gazette. City of Hamilton, Pembroke, Bermuda. 15 August 1939. p. 5.
H.M.S. York which, as reported in yesterday's issue, rejoined the America and West Indies Squadron on Sunday when she arrived at H.M. Dockyard here, is commanded by Captain R.H. Portal, D.S.C., and other officers are: Executive officer, Commander C. John: engineer, Commander (E) J.H. Roughton: surgeon, Surgeon-Commander T.B. Lynagh: paymaster-commander, Lt.-Commander B.D. Reed; gunnery officer, Lt.-Commander T. E. Podger; torpedo officer, Lt. R.C.B. Buckley: navigating officer, Lt. D. S. Tibbitts: and captain of Marines, Captain D.H.W. Sanders, R.M.
- ^ "Captain Sir David Tibbits obituary". The Telegraph. United Kingdom. 3 June 2003. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
- ^ "YORK BACK ON THIS STATION FOR DUTY". The Royal Gazette. City of Hamilton, Pembroke, Bermuda. 14 August 1939. p. 1.
H.M.S. York, formerly the flag ship of the America and West Indies Squadron of the Royal Navy, returned to these waters yesterday after re-commissioning in England at Chatham. York sailed from England on August 3, and reached the Dockyard here yesterday morning
- ^ a b c Whitley, p. 94
- ^ "Sailor, war veteran Sir David Tibbits dies at 92". The Royal Gazette. City of Hamilton, Pembroke, Bermuda. 21 May 2003. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
- ^ "OPERATION OF THE "ADMIRAL SCHEER" IN THE ATLANTIC AND INDIAN OCEANS 23 October, 1940 - 1 April, 1941. Precis of: Atlantic Kriegfuehrung (Warfare in the Atlantic) PG/36779. War Diaries of the "Admiral Scheer" PG/48430 AND 48433". United States Naval History and Heritage Command. United States Navy. 17 January 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Adopting another line of thought, Captain Krancke reasoned that there remained the possibility of the Bermuda and Halifax convoys' assembling off the Newfoundland Bank, which meant that this combined convoy would not reach the patrol area until a later date.
- ^ Rohwer, p. 18
- ^ Haar (2009), pp. 289, 357
- ^ Haar (2010), pp. 87–88
- ^ Haar (2010), pp. 169–72
- ^ Rohwer, p. 43
- ^ Rohwer, pp. 44, 47–49
- ^ Rohwer, pp. 52
- ^ a b c d Mason, Geoffrey B., Lt. Cdr. (17 December 2010). "HMS YORK – YORK-class Heavy Cruiser including Convoy Escort Movements". NAVAL-HISTORY.NET. Retrieved 8 February 2011.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Rohwer, p. 58
- ^ Waldemar Benedyczak, Debiut w Zatoce Suda [Debut at Suda Bay] in: Okręty Wojenne Nr. 2/1993, pp. 39-40 (in Polish)
- ^ Mason, Geoffrey B., Lt. Cdr. (26 September 2010). "HMS ROVER (62 R) – R-class Submarine". NAVAL-HISTORY.NET. Retrieved 8 February 2011.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
References
- ISBN 978-1-59114-078-8.
- Haarr, Geirr H. (2010). The Battle for Norway: April–June 1940. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-051-1.
- Haarr, Geirr H. (2009). The German Invasion of Norway, April 1940. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-310-9.
- Raven, Alan & Roberts, John (1980). British Cruisers of World War Two. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-922-7.
- ISBN 1-59114-119-2.
- ISBN 1-86019-874-0.
External links