Hassan Mamoun
Hassan Mamoun | |
|---|---|
Grand Imam of Al-Azhar | |
| In office July 1964 – 1969 | |
| Preceded by | Mahmud Shaltut |
| Succeeded by | Muhammad al-Fahham |
| Grand Mufti of Egypt | |
| In office 28 February 1955 – 19 June 1960 | |
| Preceded by | Ahmed Ibrahim Mughith |
| Succeeded by | Ahmed Muhammad Abdel Haridi |
| Personal details | |
| Born | June 13, 1894 Cairo, Khedivate of Egypt |
| Died | May 19, 1973 (aged 78) Cairo, Egypt |
Hassan Mamoun (
Arabic: حسن مأمون) (13 June 1894 – 19 May 1973) was the Grand Imam of al-Azhar or Shaykh al-Azhar between 1964 and 1969 and before that the Grand Mufti of Egypt between 1955 and 1960.[1]
Early life and career
Mamoun was born in
French culture and studied at al-Azhar University. He graduated from the Qadi School (qadi as a religious judge) in 1918.[2]
He subsequently began his career as a judge in Egypt's
Farouk and began a process of ending British colonial influence in Egypt.[2]
Grand Mufti and Grand Imam
Friday prayers in the last week of Ramadan, January 1966. President Gamal Abdel Nasser is standing to Mamoun's left and future president Anwar Sadat
to his rightMamoun was appointed
awqaf ("religious trusts"), thus making Mamoun one of the main scholars consulted for religious matters.[2] On 19 June 1960 he left the post and was succeeded by Ahmed Muhammad Abdel Haridi. As Grand Mufti Mamoun had issued 11,992 fatawa ("religious edicts"), an average of 2,398 annually, the most ever issued by any Egyptian grand mufti.[3]
In 1961, during the period of union with Syria (February 1958-September 1961), he was appointed by the Ministry of Awqaf to preside over a council of scholars to compose and edit the Encyclopedia of Islamic Fiqh, the largest compilation and organization fiqh in the 20th century. The process of completing took decades, long after Mamoun's death, but Mamoun personally contributed a significant amount of material to the encyclopedia.[3]
In July 1964 President
Islamic law, provided the mechanism was legitimate and the conditions necessitated it. He made the edict within the context of concerns regarding overpopulation, which he deemed a threat to humanity.[4] He refused to issue a fatwa describing socialism as a doctrine of Islam, stating religion was neutral of individual ideologies, although it could be permissive or not permissive of certain ideological principles or methods.[5]
Mamoun's health took a downturn and he resigned from al-Azhar in 1969. He died in 1973.[3]
References
- ^ Skovgaard-Peterson, pp. 193-194.
- ^ a b c Skovgaard-Peterson, p. 193
- ^ a b c Skovgaard-Peterson, p. 194.
- ^ Atighetchi, p. 72.
- ^ Abdel-Fattah, Moataz-Bellah. What kind of grand imam is he? Archived 2013-03-26 at the Wayback Machine. Al-Ahram Weekly. 2010-04-10. Retrieved on 2013-08-11.
Bibliography
- Skovgaard-Petersen, Jakob (1997), Defining Islam for the Egyptian State: Muftis and Fatwas of the Dār Al-Iftā, BRILL, ISBN 9789004109476
- Atighetchi, Dariusch (2006), Islamic Bioethics: Problems and Perspectives: Problems and Perspectives, Springer, ISBN 9781402049620
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