Homalin
Homalin
ဟုမ္မလင်း (ႁုင်းမၢၵ်ႇလၢင်း) Hommalinn, Hônmalin, Honmalin | |
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Town | |
MST ) |
Homalin or Hommalinn (Burmese: ဟုမ္မလင်း မြို့ [hóʊɰ̃məlɪ́ɰ̃ mjo̰]) (Shan: ႁုင်းမၢၵ်ႇလၢင်း) is a small town in north-western Burma and capital of the Homalin Township in Hkamti District of the Sagaing Region. The town lies on the Chindwin River and is served by Homalin Airport.
The
History
The 1908
On August 6, 1988, an earthquake with an epicentre near Homalin killed 3 people, damaging infrastructure.[5]
Myanmar had the distinction of accounting for 60% of world's heroin supply, in 1997, with the production of about 2500 tonnes of opium. Particularly in North Burma, the Army has been maintaining the drug refineries.[citation needed]The 22nd Infantry Battalion (IB) has a refinery at Homolin, apart from other places in the region, which establishes “The Regime's Complicity in the global drug trade.”[6]
In September 1918, during the
Geography
Homalin, a small town, lies close to the Indian border, at the head end of a bend in the Chindwin River, after an island. It has the backdrop of large forested mountains, which rise to a height of 9,000 feet (2,700 m). Some amount of cultivation is also seen on the lower slopes of the hills. Geographical area of the Homalin Township is 2,768,927 acres (1,120,545 ha) including arable land of 18,039 acres (7,300 ha) and forest land of 706,317 acres (285,836 ha).[8] The average elevation of the town is 101 m.[9]
The Uyu River, a major tributary of the Chindwin River flows close to Homalin. The sand in this river carries gold particles and also, some times, small nuggets. Local villagers pan this river sand to extract gold dust with the hope of finding small nuggets.[10]
Climate
Homalin has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa), closely bordering on a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification Aw). Temperatures are very warm throughout the year, although the winter months (December–February) are milder. There is a winter dry season (November–April) and a summer wet season (May–October).
Climate data for Homalin (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 30.5 (86.9) |
34.5 (94.1) |
39.7 (103.5) |
40.0 (104.0) |
41.2 (106.2) |
41.4 (106.5) |
35.7 (96.3) |
36.0 (96.8) |
37.0 (98.6) |
37.7 (99.9) |
33.5 (92.3) |
29.5 (85.1) |
41.4 (106.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.8 (78.4) |
28.5 (83.3) |
31.7 (89.1) |
33.6 (92.5) |
33.4 (92.1) |
31.7 (89.1) |
30.4 (86.7) |
30.9 (87.6) |
31.4 (88.5) |
31.1 (88.0) |
29.1 (84.4) |
26.0 (78.8) |
30.3 (86.5) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 18.4 (65.1) |
20.8 (69.4) |
24.1 (75.4) |
26.7 (80.1) |
28.0 (82.4) |
27.9 (82.2) |
27.3 (81.1) |
27.4 (81.3) |
27.3 (81.1) |
26.2 (79.2) |
22.9 (73.2) |
19.1 (66.4) |
24.7 (76.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 11.1 (52.0) |
13.2 (55.8) |
16.4 (61.5) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22.7 (72.9) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.3 (73.9) |
21.4 (70.5) |
16.7 (62.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
19.1 (66.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) |
5.7 (42.3) |
7.4 (45.3) |
15.0 (59.0) |
17.5 (63.5) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.5 (67.1) |
18.5 (65.3) |
14.0 (57.2) |
10.0 (50.0) |
4.2 (39.6) |
4.0 (39.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 6.7 (0.26) |
13.0 (0.51) |
22.9 (0.90) |
42.3 (1.67) |
201.3 (7.93) |
420.4 (16.55) |
519.6 (20.46) |
426.3 (16.78) |
354.3 (13.95) |
196.7 (7.74) |
29.8 (1.17) |
8.3 (0.33) |
2,241.6 (88.25) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 1.0 | 2.0 | 3.5 | 6.1 | 11.5 | 19.5 | 21.3 | 20.1 | 15.8 | 9.9 | 2.6 | 1.1 | 114.4 |
Source 1: World Meteorological Organization[11] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Norwegian Meteorological Institute (extremes)[12] |
Demographics
The town has a population of roughly 1500 people. The TaiLeng (Shanni) , Naga and Kuki ethnic group reside in Homalin, Naga Traditional New Year is celebrated by the nagas and the Kuki celebrate Chavang Kut every year.
Transportation system
The main artery road in the region is the
Country boats, locally known as landwins, also ply in the waters of the Chindwin River to Homalin. Both Irrawaddy and its major tributary the Chindwin River have Inland Water Transport facilities, which are being improved further.
The Homalin Airport (HOX) in the centre of the Homalin town has flights operating to Yangon and Mandalay and is on the popular tourist circuit. It is located at an elevation of 498 feet (152 m) and has a runway of 3,002 feet (915 m) length.[15]
Economy
The climatic conditions in Homalin have been found suitable to grow
A TV retransmission station has been set up in Homalin, as part of establishing such stations at 41 townships of the Sagaing, Mandalay and
- Mineral extraction
The exploration of gold from the Uyu River in Homalin got a boost when the Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration Department of Myanmar and the Victorious Glory International of Russia signed a deal for exploration of "gold and associated minerals".[18]
Hydropower development
As a part of the overall economic development of the Chindwin region in its upper reaches, several hydropower projects have been planned on the Chindwin River, which includes the Homalin Hydropower Project with a capacity of 150 MW. This project also envisages benefits of irrigation.[19]
The Tamanthi Dam which is component part of the
References
- ^ Imperial gazetteer of India: provincial series, Volume 11. Superintendent of Government Printing. 1908. p. 229. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- Clarendon Press. p. 248.
- ^ Bisheshwar Prasad (1958). The reconquest of Burma, June 1942 – August 1945. Official history of the Indian Armed Forces in the Second World War, 1939–1945. p. 54.
- ISBN 1-57488-741-6. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- ^ Records of the Geological Survey of India, Volume 122, Parts 2–4. Geological Survey of India. 1989.
- ^ "Burma's Drug Situation". Canadian Friends of Burma. August 1999. Archived from the original on 2003-04-25. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- ^ Archives, The National. "The National Archives - Assam and Burma". The National Archives. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
- ISBN 1-4067-3402-0. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- ^ "Homalin Burma Page". Falling rain. Archived from the original on 2017-12-31. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- ISBN 978-0-9506061-3-2. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
- ^ "Myanmar Climate Report" (PDF). Norwegian Meteorological Institute. pp. 23–36. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
- ^ a b "Information Sheet Collections since 1996". Myanmar Information Committee, Yangon. Archived from the original on October 16, 2007. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- ^ "U-ru Bridge inaugurated in Homalin Township, Sagaing Division". Myanmar times. Archived from the original on September 22, 2008. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- ^ "Homalin (HOX) Myanmar". World-airport -codes.com. Archived from the original on 2006-05-22. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- ^ "White gold plantations of Chindwin region". Rubber and pineapple plants seen in Aung Thukha (Lin) rubber plantation of U Aung Than Myint in Homalin Township. Mirror Daily. Retrieved 2010-09-27.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Facts about Myanmar". Sagaing Division. Government of Myanmar. Archived from the original on 2010-03-28. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- ^ "Russian company gains right to explore for minerals in Myanmar". New York Times. 2008-02-17. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
- ^ "Hydroelectric power projects on the golden rivers". The New Light of Myanmar. 2004-04-04. Retrieved 2010-09-28.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Tamanthi Dam". Burma Rivers network. Archived from the original on 2013-04-14. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
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