Home appliance

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Home appliance
Kitchens and laundry rooms
WheelsIn some cases
ExamplesRefrigerator, toaster, kettle, microwave, blender

A home appliance, also referred to as a domestic appliance, an electric appliance or a household appliance,[1] is a machine which assists in household functions[2] such as cooking, cleaning and food preservation.

Appliances are divided into three types: small appliances, major appliances (also known as white goods)[3] and consumer electronics (brown goods).[4]

Definition

Given a broad usage, the domestic application attached to home appliance is tied to the definition of

air conditioners
.

History

Early 20th century electric toaster

While many appliances have existed for centuries, the self-contained electric or gas powered appliances are a uniquely American innovation that emerged in the early twentieth century. The development of these appliances is tied to the disappearance of full-time

discretionary income was reflected by a rise in miscellaneous home appliances.[8][9][self-published source
]

In America during the 1980s, the industry shipped $1.5 billion worth of goods each year and employed over 14,000 workers, with revenues doubling between 1982 and 1990 to $3.3 billion. Throughout this period, companies merged and acquired one another to reduce research and production costs and eliminate competitors, resulting in

antitrust legislation
.

The United States Department of Energy reviews compliance with the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987, which required manufacturers to reduce the energy consumption of the appliances by 25% every five years.[8]

In the 1990s, the appliance industry was very consolidated, with over 90% of the products being sold by just five companies. For example, in 1991, dishwasher manufacturing market share was split between

Whirlpool with 31%, Electrolux with 20%, Maytag with 7% and Thermador with just 2%.[8]

Major appliances

Swedish washing machine, 1950s
Main article: Major appliance

Major appliances, also known as white goods, comprise major household appliances and may include: air conditioners,

induction cookers. White goods were typically painted or enameled white, and many of them still are.[11]

Small appliances

Main article: Small appliance
Small kitchen appliances
The small appliance department at a store

Small appliances are typically small household electrical machines, also very useful and easily carried and installed. Yet another category is used in the kitchen, including:

exhaust hoods
.

Product design

In the 1960s the

production cost. Home appliances were sold as space-saving ensembles.[13]

Consumer electronics

Main article: Consumer electronics

Consumer electronics or home electronics

HiFi and home cinema, telephones and answering machines
.

Life spans

A survey conducted in 2020 of more than thirteen thousand people in the UK revealed how long appliance owners had their appliances before needing to replace them due to a fault, deteriorating performance, or the age of the appliance.

Appliance Longest average estimated lifespan Shortest average estimated lifespan
Washing machine 21 years 13 years
Tumble dryer 24 years 17 years
Dishwasher 22 years 13 years
Built-in oven 29 years 23 years
Fridge freezer 24 years 14 years
Fridge 29 years 18 years

Home automation

Main article: Home automation
See also:
Internet of Things

There is a trend of networking home appliances together, and combining their controls and key functions.[18] For instance, energy distribution could be managed more evenly so that when a washing machine is on, an oven can go into a delayed start mode, or vice versa. Or, a washing machine and clothes dryer could share information about load characteristics (gentle/normal, light/full), and synchronize their finish times so the wet laundry does not have to wait before being put in the dryer.

Additionally, some manufacturers of home appliances are quickly beginning to place hardware that enables

Consumer Electronics Show events.[22]

Recycling

New Orleans, Louisiana, United States after Hurricane Katrina: mounds of trashed appliances with a few smashed automobiles mixed in, waiting to be scrapped
Main article: Appliance recycling

Appliance recycling consists of dismantling waste home appliances and scrapping their parts for reuse. The main types of appliances that are recycled are T.V.s, refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, and computers. It involves disassembly, removal of hazardous components and destruction of the equipment to recover materials, generally by shredding, sorting and grading.[23]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Brown" from the bakelite and wood-veneer finishes typical on 1950s and 1960s radio and TV receivers, and in contrast to "white goods".[15]

References

  1. ^ "Household Appliance". Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  2. ^ "appliance (definition)". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
  3. ^ "white goods". Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  4. ^ "brown goods". Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  5. ^ "Appliance". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
  6. ^ "Definition of household appliances". Collins Dictionary. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
  7. ^ a b c d e Bulletin, Manila (9 November 2014). "Tips to ensure safety of home appliances". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on 5 May 2015. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  8. ^ a b c Encyclopedia of American Industries Volume 1. Gale Research. 1994.
  9. ISBN 978-1-55395-632-7.[self-published source
    ]
  10. ^ a b c d e f "Efficient Appliances Save Energy -- and Money". Natural Resources Defense Council. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
  11. ^ "White Goods". www.icfdc.com. Data monitor, Static.scrib. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
  12. ^ a b "Best Small Appliances - Small Appliance Reviews". Consumer Reports. 29 May 2014. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  13. ISBN 9781856693486
    .
  14. ^ "brown goods". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 8 December 2014. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  15. ISBN 9781134361809. Archived
    from the original on 18 April 2016. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  16. ^ "Compact disc hits 25th birthday". BBC News. BBC. 17 August 2007. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
  17. ^ Pratt, Martin. "How long should you expect your large kitchen appliances to last?". Which?. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  18. ^ a b Michelle, Bangert (1 September 2014). "Getting Smarter All the Time: The Appliance Landscape Continues to Evolve with the Rise of Internet-Connected Devices". Appliance Design. BNP Media. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  19. ^ Essers, Loek (10 December 2013). "Home appliance makers connect with open source 'Internet of things' project". Computerworld. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  20. ^ Baguley, Richard; McDonald, Colin. "Appliance Science: The Internet of Toasters (and other things)". CNET. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  21. ^ Hitchcox, Alan (February 2015). "The Internet of uncertainty". Hydraulics & Pneumatics. 68 (2): 8.
  22. ^ "Appliances of the Future Will Be Able to 'Talk' over Internet". The Mercury. 15 January 2015. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  23. S2CID 108437684
    .

Further reading

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Home appliances.
Look up household appliance in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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