Hooded plover

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Hooded plover
At Prosser River Spit, Orford, Tasmania, Australia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Charadriiformes
Family: Charadriidae
Genus: Charadrius
Species:
C. cucullatus
Binomial name
Charadrius cucullatus
Vieillot, 1818
Range
Synonyms[2]

Charadrius rubricollis Gmelin, 1789
Thinornis rubricollis

The hooded plover or hooded dotterel (Charadrius cucullatus) is a species of bird in the family

endemic to southern Australia
, where it inhabits ocean beaches and subcoastal lagoons.

Taxonomy

The hooded plover was

monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.[10]

Description

A breeding pair

The hooded plover is medium in size for a plover, stocky, and pale in colour. Its length is 190 to 230 mm (7.5–9.1 in) and its wing-span 230 to 440 mm (9.1–17.3 in). It has a black hood and throat with a white collar. Its red bill has a black tip. It has a red eye ring and orange legs.[11] Underparts are white. Males and females are similar. Adults and juveniles are similar except the juveniles do not have the black head and hindneck, which are instead a sandy brown.[12]

Distribution and habitat

Its natural

Victoria and Tasmania, and is a vagrant in Queensland
.

Behaviour

Eggs

Breeding

A

Austral summer tourist season in its range and it is thereby heavily impacted by human activities.[13][14] The eggs are a matte beige or cream colour heavily sprinkled with dark brown and lavender markings, especially at the larger end of the egg. Pyriform in shape, they measure 37 mm × 27 mm (1.46 in × 1.06 in).[15] Eggs hatch in about 30 days.[15]

Food and feeding

The eastern population eats a variety of

sandhoppers. It is usually seen in pairs or small groups near the water. For breeding it will dig a shallow scrape in sand or gravel above high-water mark and line it with pebbles, seaweed, and other debris.[12] Males and females spend equal amounts of time incubating the eggs, although males tend to incubate more at night.[16]

Threats

The population of hooded dotterels has declined in eastern Australia as a result of disturbance by people, dogs, cats and horses, as well as predation by silver gulls (Larus novaehollandiae), ravens (Corvus spp) and introduced foxes.[13][14] Fox predation is a major threat to the western subspecies. In 2000 the number of mature individuals was estimated at 7,000.[13]

Conservation

Conservation Status by Region
AUS NSW VIC TAS SA WA
Charadrius cucullatus Vulnerable[17] Critically endangered[18] Vulnerable[19] Conservation Concern[20] Vulnerable

Important Bird Areas

BirdLife International has identified the following sites as being important for hooded dotterel conservation:[21]

See also

References

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Thinornis rubricollis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
  2. ^ "Thinornis cucullatus". Avibase.
  3. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.20211
    .
  4. ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1934). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 247.
  5. ISBN 978-84-87334-20-7
    .
  6. ^ Olson, Storrs L. (1998). "Lectotypification of Charadrius rubricollis Gmelin, 1789". British Ornithologists' Club. 118 (4): 256–259.
  7. ^
    ISBN 978-0-9568611-0-8
    .
  8. PMID 25916188
    .
  9. PMID 36038056
    .
  10. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (December 2023). "Buttonquail, thick-knees, sheathbills, plovers, oystercatchers, stilts, painted-snipes, jacanas, Plains-wanderer, seedsnipes". IOC World Bird List Version 14.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  11. ^ "Hooded Dotterel". Biodiversity Information Explorer. Retrieved 4 June 2011.
  12. ^ a b "Hooded Plover". Birds in Backyards. Retrieved 4 June 2011.
  13. ^ a b c d "Hooded Plover Thinornis rubricollis". BirdLife International. Retrieved 4 June 2011.
  14. ^ a b c "Thinornis rubricollis". IUCN Red List. IUCN. Retrieved 4 June 2011.[permanent dead link]
  15. ^
    ISBN 0-646-42798-9
    .
  16. S2CID 245348998
    .
  17. ^ Environment, jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia; corporateName=Department of the. "Thinornis cucullatus cucullatus — Hooded Plover (eastern), Eastern Hooded Plover". www.environment.gov.au. Retrieved 2020-06-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ^ "Hooded Plover - profile | NSW Environment, Energy and Science". www.environment.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 2020-06-25.
  19. ^ "Hooded Plover". www.swifft.net.au. Retrieved 2020-06-25.
  20. ^ Bryant, Sally (2002). "Conservation assessment of beach nesting and migratory shorebirds in Tasmania" (PDF). Retrieved 2020-06-25.
  21. ^ "Hooded Plover". Important Bird Areas. BirdLife International. 2012. Retrieved 2012-10-27.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Thinornis cucullatus.
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