Hugh of Fauquembergues

This is a good article. Click here for more information.
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Hugh of Fauquembergues
Roman Catholicism

Hugh of Fauquembergues, also known as Hugh of St Omer, Hugh of Falkenberg, or Hugh of Falchenberg (

Prince of Galilee from 1101 to his death. He was Lord of Fauquembergues before joining the First Crusade. Baldwin I of Jerusalem granted him Galilee after its first prince, Tancred, who was Baldwin's opponent, had voluntarily renounced it. Hugh assisted Baldwin against the Fatimids and made raids into Seljuk territories. He established the castles of Toron and Chastel Neuf (at present-day Tebnine and Hunin, respectively). He died fighting against Toghtekin, Atabeg
of Damascus.

Early life

See also: First Crusade

Hugh's parentage is unknown, but

Duke of Lower Lorraine, departed for the crusade on 15 August 1096, and Robert II of Flanders about a month later.[7]

After Baldwin seized Edessa on 9 March 1098,[8] Hugh settled in the county that developed around the town.[6] He was one of Baldwin's most trusted retainers.[6] After Godfrey of Bouillon, who had become the ruler of Jerusalem, died on 18 July 1100,[9] Baldwin sent Hugh to Jerusalem to secure his claim to Godfrey's inheritance.[6] Hugh and Robert, Bishop of Lydda and Ramla took control of the Tower of David, enabling Baldwin to enter Jerusalem[6] on 9 November.[10]

Baldwin was crowned king on 25 December 1100.[10] Tancred, Prince of Galilee, did not recognize Baldwin as king, but their conflict was soon resolved.[11] Noblemen came from the Principality of Antioch and asked Tancred to assume the administration of the principality on behalf of his relative, Bohemond I of Antioch, who had been captured by Turkish troops.[12] Tancred accepted the offer and renounced Galilee in March 1101, but he also stipulated that the king should grant the same land "as a fief" to him if he returned to the kingdom within fifteen months.[11]

Prince of Galilee

Further information: Battle of Ramla (1101) and Battle of Ramla (1102)
Ruins of the tower and the walls of a fortress made of stone on a hill covered with snow
The fortress at Toron, which was built by Hugh

Baldwin divided Tancred's large fief in two, granting Tiberias and its region to Hugh, but giving Haifa to Geldemar Carpenel, who had already claimed it from Tancred.[11][13] An Egyptian army invaded the Kingdom of Jerusalem from the south in early September 1101.[14] The king decided to attack the invaders near Ramla at dawn on 7 September.[15] He divided his troops into five corps, appointing Hugh to command the third corps.[16] The Egyptians annihilated the first two corps of the crusader army and also defeated Hugh and his troops.[16] Thinking that the battle was lost, Hugh fled from the battlefield and hurried to Jaffa to inform the queen about the catastrophe.[16] However, the battle was not lost, because the king made a surprise attack against the Egyptians and defeated them.[16][17]

The Egyptians launched a new invasion against the kingdom in May 1102.

Arsuf on 19 May, the Egyptians had defeated the crusaders at Ramla.[19] At Arsuf, they met the king who had escaped before the battle to muster new troops.[20] The Egyptians laid siege to Jaffa where the queen was staying.[21] The king sailed from Arsuf to Jaffa on the ship of an English adventurer, while Hugh and his troops rode on the coastline.[20] The Egyptians could not prevent the king from entering the town, and he helped Hugh and retainers to also break through the Egyptian troops around Jaffa.[20] The arrival of hundreds of English, French, and Italian pilgrims enabled Baldwin to make a counter-attack, forcing the Egyptians to lift the siege on 27 May.[17][22]

Hugh pursued an aggressive policy against the Muslim rulers.[23] He ordered the erection of the fortresses of Toron and Chastel Neuf to control the road between Damascus and Tyre.[24][25] The two castles were finished in the autumn of 1105.[23] Before long, Hugh made a plundering raid against the territories over Chastel Neuf.[23] When he was returning to Galilee, taking much booty with him, Toghtekin, Atabeg of Damascus, ambushed him.[5][23] During the skirmish, an arrow killed Hugh,[5] and Toghtekin soon captured Chastel Neuf.[23] Hugh's brother, Gerard, did not long survive him.[23] Hugh fathered two daughters, according to the Lignages d'Outremer, but Galilee was granted to Gervase of Bazoches, a knight from Northern France.[5][26] Hugh was buried in Nazareth.[6]

References

  1. ^ Mayer 1994, pp. 163–164.
  2. ^ Murray 2000, pp. 211–212.
  3. ^ Mayer 1994, p. 164.
  4. ^ a b Tanner 2003, p. 95.
  5. ^ a b c d Asbridge 2012, p. 95.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Murray 2000, p. 211.
  7. ^ Lock 2006, p. 20.
  8. ^ Lock 2006, p. 23.
  9. ^ Lock 2006, p. 25.
  10. ^ a b Lock 2006, p. 26.
  11. ^ a b c Barber 2012, p. 65.
  12. ^ Barber 2012, pp. 62, 65.
  13. ^ Fink 1969, p. 385.
  14. ^ Runciman 1989, p. 74.
  15. ^ Runciman 1989, pp. 74–75.
  16. ^ a b c d Runciman 1989, p. 75.
  17. ^ a b Barber 2012, p. 70.
  18. ^ Runciman 1989, p. 76.
  19. ^ Runciman 1989, pp. 78–79.
  20. ^ a b c Runciman 1989, p. 79.
  21. ^ Runciman 1989, p. 78.
  22. ^ Runciman 1989, pp. 79–80.
  23. ^ a b c d e f Runciman 1989, p. 95.
  24. ^ Piana 2015, p. 442.
  25. ^ Richard 1999, p. 141.
  26. ^ Mayer 1994, p. 163.

Sources

External links

Hugh of Fauquembergues
 Died: 1105/1106
Preceded by
Prince of Galilee

1101–1105/1106 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hugh_of_Fauquembergues&oldid=1140359524"