Humphrey Marshall (general)
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Humphrey Marshall | |
---|---|
United States Minister to the Qing Empire | |
In office July 4, 1853 – January 27, 1854 | |
President | Franklin Pierce |
Preceded by | John W. Davis |
Succeeded by | Robert M. McLane |
Personal details | |
Born | |
Unit | 1st U.S. Dragoons |
Commands | 1st Kentucky Cavalry (USV) |
Battles/wars | Black Hawk War Mexican–American War • Battle of Buena Vista American Civil War • Battle of Middle Creek |
Humphrey Marshall (January 13, 1812 – March 28, 1872) was an American lawyer, politician, and military official from
China. When the American Civil War broke out, he sided with the Confederacy, becoming a brigadier general in the CS Army and then a Confederate Congressman
.
Early life and career
Marshall was born in
Union army. Another cousin, James M. Birney, served briefly as Lieutenant Governor of Michigan, and later Minister to the Netherlands
.
Marshall graduated from the
second lieutenant. However, he resigned from the Army in April 1833 to study law. He was admitted to the bar in 1833 and practiced in Frankfort for two years before moving to Louisville. He became captain in the Kentucky militia in 1836, major in 1838, and lieutenant colonel in 1841. In 1836 he raised a company of volunteers and marched to defend the Texas frontier against the Indians, but his force disbanded on hearing of General Sam Houston's victory at San Jacinto.[1] In 1846 he became Colonel of the 1st Kentucky Cavalry during the Mexican–American War, where he fought at the Battle of Buena Vista as a part of Zachary Taylor's Army of Occupation. Returning from Mexico, Marshall engaged in agricultural pursuits in Henry County, Kentucky
.
He was elected from Kentucky's 7th District as a
Thirty-fifth Congresses (1855–59). He was renominated by acclamation, but declined to run for a fifth term. In 1856, he was a member of the national council of the American Party in New York City, where he was instrumental in abolishing all secrecy in the political organization of the party.[1]
Civil War and later career
Marshall's native Kentucky was a
Union troops occupied Kentucky, Marshall enlisted in the Confederate army with the rank of brigadier general, and aided the recruitment effort. He was stationed in western Virginia, but saw limited combat. In January 1862, he lost a battle at Middle Creek in eastern Kentucky to future President James A. Garfield. Garfield's Federal cavalry had chased off Marshall's cavalrymen at Jenny's Creek near Paintsville, Kentucky. Marshall withdrew to the forks of Middle Creek, two miles from Prestonsburg, on the road to Virginia. Garfield attacked on January 9, precipitating the Battle of Middle Creek
. He eventually forced Marshall to withdraw after a day's fighting.
Frustrated by his inability to secure a good assignment following his
Second Confederate Congress
as a representative from Kentucky's 8th District. With the collapse of the Confederacy, he briefly fled to Texas.
After the war, Marshall moved to
New Orleans. His citizenship was restored by President Andrew Johnson
in December 1867. He later returned to Louisville and resumed his law practice. He died in Louisville and was buried in the State Cemetery in his native Frankfort.
Author daughter
Humphrey Marshall's daughter,
Nelly Nichol Marshall (born in Louisville, Kentucky, 8 May 1845; died in Washington, D.C., 19 April 1898), was an author. In addition to numerous poems and many magazine articles, she published novels entitled: Eleanor Morton, or Life in Dixie (New York, 1865), Sodom Apples (1866), Fireside Gleanings (Chicago, 1866), As by Fire (New York, 1869), Wearing the Cross (Cincinnati, 1868), Passion, or Bartered and Sold (Louisville, 1876), and A Criminal through Love (1882). She married Col. John J. McAfee, of the Confederate army, in 1871.[1]
See also
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
References
- This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Allen, William B. (1872). A History of Kentucky: Embracing Gleanings, Reminiscences, Antiquities, Natural Curiosities, Statistics, and Biographical Sketches of Pioneers, Soldiers, Jurists, Lawyers, Statesmen, Divines, Mechanics, Farmers, Merchants, and Other Leading Men, of All Occupations and Pursuits. Bradley & Gilbert. pp. 336–337. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
- Eicher, John H., and ISBN 978-0-8047-3641-1.
- Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. ISBN 978-0-8160-1055-4.
- ISBN 978-0-8071-0823-9.
External links
- "Confederate Brigadier General Humphrey Marshall" — Article by Civil War historian/author Bryan S. Bush