Hurricane Tico

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Hurricane Tico
Baja Peninsula on October 16
Meteorological history
FormedOctober 11, 1983
DissipatedOctober 24, 1983
Category 4 major hurricane
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS)
Highest winds130 mph (215 km/h)
Overall effects
Fatalities141
Damage$284 million (1983 USD)
Areas affected
  • Mexico
  • South Central United States
  • Eastern United States
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Part of the 1983 Pacific hurricane season

Hurricane Tico is one of four major hurricanes to ever strike

Mid-Atlantic States
for five more days.

Tico was the deadliest and most destructive

flooding
. A total of 141 people were killed and the damage amounted to $284 million (1983 USD).

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

The origins of Hurricane Tico were from a weak tropical disturbance that crossed Costa Rica into the Pacific Ocean on October 7. It tracked westward through an area of progressively warmer water temperatures, and by October 11 the system was sufficiently organized to be declared Tropical Depression Twenty-One, about 575 mi (930 km) south of the Mexican port of Acapulco. The depression initially maintained a west-northwest motion, although on October 12 it turned sharply northward, due to the influence of a strong trough moving eastward through Mexico. Gradually organizing, the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Tico on October 13 by the Eastern Pacific Hurricane Center (EPHC).[1]

Tropical Storm Tico continued to intensify as it progressed toward the southwest Mexican coastline. A

Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale).[1]

Tico approaching the Mexican coastline

After briefly weakening into a Category 2 hurricane, Hurricane Tico again attained major hurricane strength. Meanwhile, another trough moved eastward across northwestern Mexico; as a result, the hurricane turned northwestward and began accelerating while maintaining a well-defined eye. Early on October 19, it reached peak winds of 135 mph (215 km/h), equivalent to a powerful Category 4 hurricane on the

Mid-Atlantic States as the low turned southeastward, and the remnants of Tico were last observed on October 24 over Ohio.[2]

Preparations, impact, and aftermath

Mexico

Hurricane Tico near landfall in Mexico.

Although

Baja California Peninsula, it dropped light rainfall of around 1 inch (25 mm) in the area. Moderate rainfall was reported around the landfall location, peaking at 8.98 inches (228 mm) in Pueblo Nuevo, Durango; lighter precipitation of 1–3 inches (25–75 mm) occurred further inland toward the Mexico/United States border.[2]

Two 328 ft (100 m) anchored ships were washed aground by strong waves and swells,[4] with a total of seven ships reported missing.[5] Overall, the hurricane sank nine small ships, and nine fishermen were killed.[1]

In

USD).[9] However, the death toll was initially uncertain. Local reports from a few days after the storm indicated 105 people were missing.[1] According to a report from the United States Agency for International Development indicated that Hurricane Tico caused a total of 135 deaths in Mexico.[10]

Due to destruction from Hurricane Tico, President

Miguel De La Madrid declared a state of emergency and also ordered the department of health, defense, and Interior to rush to provide assistance to the devastated state.[7]

United States

Rainfall summary of Tico

Flash flood watches and warnings were posted from

Mid-Atlantic.[2]

Flooding was reported in parts of southern Kansas, Texas, and especially Oklahoma,[1] with serious flooding reported along the lower Washita River.[12] The Oklahoma Highway Patrol asked for volunteers with motorboats 16 ft (4.9 m) or longer to help rescue 50-100 trapped people. The patrol also asked the Oklahoma City police to help find victims in the floodwaters, but plans for this were held off late on October 20 due to poor weather conditions. Across Guthire, 500 people, or 5% of the town's population, had sought three emergency shelters. According to officials, more evacuations to shelters were anticipated.[3] Authorities planned to evacuate an additional 1,500 families. Throughout the town, water was 7 ft (2.1 m) deep[13] and was moving at speeds between 20 mph (32 km/h) and 30 mph (48 km/h). The Cottonwood Creek, also near Guthire, reached flood stage. The nearby Cimarron river was rising 2 ft (0.61 m) an hour. In Lexington, Oklahoma guardsmen were called out to help police. Across Lubbock, Texas, sewer pipes were backed up due to 7 in (180 mm) inches of rain. Throughout Oklahoma and Texas, 200 people were homeless and six people were killed and one person was missing. According to Kansas officials, one person was killed in the state. In the aftermath of the storm, residents cleaned up debris on streets.[3][7][13][14] By October 23, people living in Guthire were given permission to return to their homes because floodwaters started to recede.[15] A total of $77 million in crop damage occurred in Oklahoma. Total damage in the state was estimated at $84 million (1983 USD, $182 million 2009 USD).[16]

See also

References

  1. ^
    ISSN 1520-0493
    .
  2. ^ a b c David Roth (March 20, 2007). "Hurricane Tico - October 18–24, 1983". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. Retrieved November 19, 2006.
  3. ^
    The Milwaukee Journal
    . October 21, 1983. Retrieved September 3, 2011.
  4. ^ R. G. Handlers and S. Brand (June 2001). "Tropical Cyclones Affecting Mazatlan". NRL Monterrey. Archived from the original on 2011-06-11. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
  5. ^ "Mexican boats, crewmen missing in storm". Gadsden Times. October 22, 1983. Retrieved September 11, 2011.
  6. The Montreal Gazette
    . October 20, 1983. Retrieved September 3, 2011.
  7. ^ a b c "Hurricane Tico devastates Mexican resort of Mazaltan". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. October 21, 1983. Retrieved September 11, 2011.
  8. ^ "Hurricane lashes Mexico restore area". Chicago Tribune. October 20, 1983.
  9. ^ "State of emergency declared". The Bulletin. October 20, 1983. Retrieved September 3, 2011.
  10. ^ Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance, U.S. Agency for International Development (1989). "Disaster History: Significant Data on Major Disasters Worldwide, 1900-Present". Retrieved 2008-11-14.
  11. ^ "The Nation". L.A. Times. October 21, 1983.
  12. ^ Kansas Water Science Center (2001). "Summary of Significant Floods in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, Oklahoma". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
  13. ^ a b "Oklahoma reels under rainstorms". The Fort Scott Tribune. October 21, 1983. Retrieved September 10, 2011.
  14. ^ "Oklahoma residents clean up in Hurricane's wake". The Evening independent. October 22, 1983. Retrieved September 11, 2011.
  15. ^ "Floodwaters receding in Oklahoma". st. Joshep New Press/Gazette. October 23, 1983. Retrieved September 11, 2011.
  16. ^ "Natural and Man-Made Hazards". R.D. Flanagan & Associates. 2007-06-27. Archived from the original (DOC) on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2009-04-11.