Imperial and Royal Uhlans

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Army History Museum
, Vienna)

Together with the

Austrian Landwehr
, where they were known as the Imperial-Royal Landwehr Uhlans (k.k. Landwehr-Ulanen).

The Austrian monarchy, weakened by losing the

Royal Hungarian Landwehr
(Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvédség).

Following the signing of the Compromise, the Austrian half of the Empire also started to build an army, the Imperial-Royal Landwehr (German: k.k. Landwehr). The two new Landwehr forces thus existed alongside the Common Army (Gemeinsame Armee), the imperial army of the whole Empire. In effect this meant that Austria-Hungary had three separate armies at the same time.

Organisation

The Common Army has 11 Uhlan regiments and the Austria Landwehr 6 regiments. By tradition the majority of Uhlans were recruited from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. The regiments were also stationed there, with few exceptions.

  • In 1914, the Imperial and Royal Cavalry regiments each consisted of 2 divisions (battalions) each of 3 squadrons (Eskadronen).

The Imperial and Royal Uhlans (11 regiments)

Uhlan in winter marching order
Czapka of a subaltern of the 2nd Uhlans

Imperial-Royal Landwehr Uhlans

  • 1st Landwehr Uhlans (Landwehr Ulanen Regiment Nr. 1)
Assigned as divisional cavalry:
1 and 2 Sqns: 11th Infantry Division
3 and 4 Sqns: 30th Infantry Division
5 and 6 Sqns: 43rd Landwehr Infantry Division
Nationalities: 65 % Ruthenians - 30 % Polish - 5 % various
Recruiting district: Lemberg
Garrison:
Lemberg
  • 2nd Landwehr Uhlans (Landwehr Ulanen Regiment Nr. 2)
Assigned as divisional cavalry:
1+2 Sqns: 26th Landwehr Infantry Division
3+4 Sqns: 29th Infantry Division
5+6. Sqns: 10th Infantry Division
Nationalities: 58 % Czechs - 42 % various
Recruiting district: Leitmeritz
Garrison: Hohenmauth
  • 3rd Landwehr Uhlans (Landwehr Ulanen Regiment Nr. 3)
Assigned as divisional cavalry:
1+2 Sqns: 45th Landwehr Infantry Division
3+4 Sqns: 24th Infantry Division
5+6. Sqns: 2nd Infantry Division
Nationalities: 69 % Poles - 26 % Ruthenians - 5 % various
Recruiting district:
Przemysl
Garrison: Rzeszów
  • 4th Landwehr Uhlans (Landwehr Ulanen Regiment Nr. 4)
Assigned as divisional cavalry:
1+2 Sqns: 5th Infantry Division
3+4 Sqns: 12th Infantry Division
5+6. Sqns: 46th Landwehr Infantry Division
Nationalities: 85 % Poles - 15 % various
Recruiting district: Krakau
Garrison: Olmütz
  • 5th Landwehr Uhlans (Landwehr Ulanen Regiment Nr. 5)
Assigned as divisional cavalry:
1+2 Sqns: 4th Infantry Division
3+4 Sqns: 25th Infantry Division
5+6. Sqns: 13th Landwehr Infantry Division
Nationalities: 97 % Germans - 3 % various
Recruiting district: Vienna
Garrison: Stockerau
  • 6th Landwehr Uhlans (Landwehr Ulanen Regiment Nr. 6)
Assigned as divisional cavalry:
1+2 Sqns: 3rd Infantry Division
3+4 Sqns: 8th Infantry Division
5+6. Sqns: 44th Landwehr Infantry Division
Nationalities: 60 % Germans - 39 % Czechs - 1 % various
Recruiting district: Prague
Garrison:
Wels


Sources

Literature

  • Johann C. Allmayer-Beck, Erich Lessing: Die K.u.k. Armee. 1848-1918. Verlag Bertelsmann, München 1974,
    ISBN 3-570-07287-8
    .
  • Das k.u.k. Heer im Jahre 1895 Schriften des Heeresgeschichtlichen Museums in Wien - Stocker Verlag, Graz 1997
  • k.u.k. Kriegsministerium
    „Dislokation und Einteilung des k.u.k Heeres, der k.u.k. Kriegsmarine, der k.k. Landwehr und der k.u. Landwehr“ in: Seidels kleines Armeeschema - Herausg.: Seidel & Sohn Wien 1914
  • „Adjustierungsvorschrift für das k.u.k. Heer, die k.k. Landwehr, die k.u. Landwehr, die verbundenen Einrichtungen und das Korps der Militärbeamten“ von 1867 Herausgegeben durch das k.u.k. Kriegsministerium Wien. Fassung von 1911/1912

External links
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