Inuvialuit
![]() The flag of the Inuvialuit people, depicting a gyrfalcon. | |
![]() Eileen Jacobson, Inuvialuit guide | |
Regions with significant populations | |
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Canada Northwest Territories | |
Languages | |
Inuvialuktun, English | |
Religion | |
Inuit religion, Christianity | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Other Inuit and Eskimo |
Inu- ᐃᓄ- / nuna ᓄᓇ "person" / "land" | |
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Person | Inuvialuk |
People | Inuvialuit |
Language | Inuvialuktun; Ujjiqsuuraq |
Country | Inuvialuit Nunangit, Inuit Nunangat ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᑦ |
The Inuvialuit (sing. Inuvialuk; the real people[1]) or Western Canadian Inuit are Inuit who live in the western Canadian Arctic region. They, like all other Inuit, are descendants of the Thule who migrated eastward from Alaska.[2] Their homeland – the Inuvialuit Settlement Region – covers the Arctic Ocean coastline area from the Alaskan border, east through the Beaufort Sea and beyond the Amundsen Gulf which includes some of the western Canadian Arctic Islands, as well as the inland community of Aklavik and part of Yukon.[3][4] The land was demarked in 1984 by the Inuvialuit Final Agreement.
History and migration
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Inuvialuit_camp_near_Tuktoyaktuk.jpg/220px-Inuvialuit_camp_near_Tuktoyaktuk.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Inuvialuit_Settlement_Region.png/220px-Inuvialuit_Settlement_Region.png)
Indigenous peoples in Canada |
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![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Inuvialiut_communities_-3.png/220px-Inuvialiut_communities_-3.png)
The Inuvialuit Settlement Region was primarily inhabited by
In the 1930s, the Inuvialuit were involved in a Canadian government scheme to introduce
The Inuvialuit Settlement Region Traditional Knowledge Report of 2006 identified additional naming characteristics. Those Inuvialuit who live in the west are called Ualinirmiut (Ualiniq) by the people of the east. The Inuvialuit who occupy the east are known as Kivaninmiut (Kivaliniq) by the people of the west.[8]
The Inuit of Ulukhaktok are neither Siglit nor Uummarmiut but are Copper Inuit and refer to themselves as Ulukhaktokmuit after Ulukhaktok, the native name for what used to be called Holman.
The proposed
Language
The traditional language is known as
Culture
Year-round, Inuvialuit hunt
- Spring: fishing, geese hunting, grizzly hunting
- Summer: whaling, fishing, gathering berries, roots and medicinal plants
- Autumn: fishing, sealing, geese hunting, and plant gathering
- Winter: fishing, sealing, polar bear hunting
Traditional games include:[13]
- akimuq: high kick game
- ayahaaq: string game
- iglukisaaq: juggling rocks
- mak: played by trying to make a person laugh
- napataak: darts; played with a wooden handle and sharp nail
Communities
Inuvialuit communities[4][5] | ||||||
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Community | English translation | 2006 population | Inuvialuit | First Nations | Métis | non-Aboriginal |
Aklavik | "barren-ground grizzly place" | 594 | 350 | 185 | 10 | 40 |
Inuvik | "place of man" | 3,484 | 1,335 | 630 | 160 | 1,260 |
Paulatuk | "place of coal" | 294 | 260 | 0 | 0 | 30 |
Sachs Harbour | traditionally called Ikahuak, meaning "where you go across to" | 122 | 105 | n/a | n/a | 15 |
Tuktoyaktuk | "resembling a caribou", formerly known as Port Brabant | 870 | 705 | 20 | 10 | 145 |
Ulukhaktok | "a large bluff where we used to collect raw material to make ulus", formerly known as Holman | 398 | 360 | 10 | 0 | 30 |
The area of the land covered by the Inuvialuit Settlement Region is 521,707.68 km2 (201,432.46 sq mi). Aklavik (
References
- ^ "Modern Inuvialuit Culture". Archived from the original on 2011-07-13. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
- ^ "The Thule". Archived from the original on 2014-12-13. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
- ^ Map of the Inuvialuit Settlement Region
- ^ a b Map of the Inuvialuit Settlement Region including communities
- ^ Canada 2006 Census, Aklavik, Inuvik, Paulatuk, Sachs Harbour (Inuvaluit figure is for all Aboriginal peoples), Tuktoyaktuk and Ulukhaktok.
- ^ "The People of the Boreal Forest". albertasource.ca. Retrieved 2007-09-30.
- ^ "1935 Reindeer Herding in the Northwest Territories". NWT Timeline. Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
- ^ "Inuvialuit Settlement Region Traditional Knowledge Report" (PDF). ngps.nt.ca. August 2006. p. 45. Retrieved 2009-03-16.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Iñuvialuktun/Inuvialuktun/Inuinnaqtun / ᐃᓄᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᓐ
- ^ IRC - Language
- ^ "Gwich'in step up measures to protect Porcupine herd". CBC.ca. 2006-09-13. Retrieved 2007-07-23.
- ^ Inuvialuit Settlement Report (2006), p. 62
- ^ Inuvialuit Settlement Report (2006), p. 60
- ^ Gwich’in Tribal Council
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- The Inuvialuit
- Inuvialuit Development Corporation
- Morrison, David. "Retracing an Archaeological Expedition. The Inuvialuit". Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation.