Itō Mancio
Itō Mancio | |
|---|---|
| 伊東 マンショ | |
 Itō Mancio, by Italian painter Domenico Tintoretto (1585) | |
| Born | Itō Sukemasu January 1, 1569 Hyūga Province, Tonokōri, Japan |
| Died | November 13, 1612 (aged 43) Nagasaki, Japan |
| Nationality | Japanese |
| Occupations |
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| Years active | 1582–1612 |
| Parents |
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| Family | Itō clan, Itō Yoshisuke (grandfather) |
Itō Mancio (Itō Mansho, 伊東 マンショ, c.1569 – 13 November 1612) was a Japanese
Early life
He was born in
Career
Itō Mancio studied theology and Latin at the seminary in Nagasaki. As leader of the Tenshō embassy (1582–90) he traveled to Europe where he met Popes Gregory XIII and Sixtus V in Rome.[3]
The idea of sending a Japanese embassy to Europe was originally conceived by the Jesuit Alessandro Valignano.[4] and sponsored by the Christian daimyō Ōtomo Sōrin, Ōmura Sumitada and Arima Harunobu. Itō Sukemasu was placed at the head of the group by Ōtomo, daimyō of the Bungo Province of Kyūshū[5] and close relative of Sukemasu's father, Itō Shurinosuke.[6]
In 1580 Itō was baptized with the name Mancio (Mansho, マンショ).[7] On February 20, 1582 Itō left Nagasaki in the company of three other nobles: Michele Chijiwa, Giuliano Nakaura and Martino Hara.[8] They were accompanied by two servants and their tutor and interpreter Diego de Mesquita,[9] as well as by Valignano himself, who escorted them to Goa in India before taking on a new post.[10] On the way to Lisbon they spent nine months between Macau, Kochi and Goa.[11][12] From Lisbon they left for Rome,[13] the main destination of the trip. In Rome Mancio was nominated honorary citizen and adorned with the title of Order of the Golden Spur.[14] During the return journey from Rome they headed for Venice and along the way they stopped for a day in Imola (June 18, 1585). A manuscript was drawn up in their honor and as evidence of the event, which is still preserved in the municipal historical archive of the city.[15]
The ambassadors returned to Japan on 21 July 1590.
Later life
Joining the order of Jesuit priests in 1608
Portrait
A portrait depicting Itō Mancio was discovered in 2008 and entrusted to the care of experts who identified its authenticity and attributed its creation to Domenico Tintoretto. The painting, an oil on canvas 53 centimeters high by 43 centimeters wide, depicted a young man with oriental features dressed in the Spanish fashion of the late sixteenth century, with a brown suit, black hat and white ruff. On the back of the work there was the inscription «D. MANSIO NIPOTE DEL RE DI FIGENGA AMB[asciator]E DEL RE FRA[nces]CO BVGNOCINGVA A SUA SAN[tit]A. MCXXCV. DGH 393».[21]
The painting was commissioned by the Senate of
The painting was restored in 2009 and exhibited in Tokyo, Nagasaki and Miyazaki (Mancio's place of origin) on the occasion of the celebrations of the 150th anniversary of the beginning of diplomatic relations between Italy and Japan in 2016.[22]
See also
References
- ^ "Tonokori Castle". japancastle.jp. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
- ^ Congress, The Library of. "Itō, Mansho, 1569 or 1570-1612 - LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies | Library of Congress, from LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies (Library of Congress)". id.loc.gov. Retrieved 2021-09-18.
- ^ Meietto, Paolo (1585). Relatione del viaggio et arrivo in Evropa et Roma de' principi giapponesi: venutià dare obedienza à Sua Santità l'anno MDLXXXV all'Eccell. Sig. Girolamo Mercvriale. Getty Research Institute. In Venetia : Appresso Paolo Meietto.
- ^ Massarella 2013, p. 1.
- ^ Iannello 2013, p. 30 e Benzoni 2012, p. 133.
- ^ Schütte, p. 252.
- ^ Nussbaum 2002, p. 405.
- ^ a b Massarella 2013, p. 2.
- ^ "Il beato Nakaura". Santamariadellorto.it. Archived from the original on December 27, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2014.
- ^ Massarella 2013, p. 2 e Gunji, p. 23.
- ^ "Relações entre Portugal e o Japão/Missão "Tenshō" para a Europa (1582-86)" (in Portuguese). Associação da Amizade Portugal Japão. Archived from the original on August 4, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
- ^ Musillo 2012, p. 2.
- ^ Gunji, pp. 29–30.
- ^ Murdoch 2004, p. 115.
- ^ "Giapponesi a Imola per vedere un prezioso manoscritto del '500". 26 July 2011.
- ^ Musillo 2012, pp. 2–3.
- ^ Gunji, p. 24.
- ^ Musillo 2012, p. 3 e Gunji, p. 30.
- ^ Nussbaum 2002, p. 406.
- ^ The Asahi Shimbun 1982, p. 456.
- ^ a b Marco Carminati (June 19, 2016). "Il "Prencipe" giapponese". Il Sole 24 Ore. Retrieved July 22, 2016.
- ^ Stefano Carrer (May 18, 2016). "Tintoretto a Tokyo: anteprima del ritratto di Ito Mancio, primo giapponese in Italia". Il Sole 24 Ore. Retrieved July 22, 2016.
Bibliography
- C. R. Boxer: The Christian Century in Japan 1549-1650. Carcanet Press, ISBN 1-85754-035-2
Primary sources
- Guido Gualtieri, ed. (1586). Relationi della venuta degli ambasciatori Giaponesi a Roma sino alla partita di Lisbona. Zannetti.
- Paolo Meietto (1585). Relatione del viaggio et arrivo in Evropa et Roma de' principi giapponesi: venuti à dare obedienza à Sua Santità l'anno MDLXXXV all'Eccell. Sig. Girolamo Mercvriale. Venezia.
- Duarte de Sande (1590). De missione legatorum Iaponensium ad Romanam Curiam (in Latin).
Secondary sources
- "Japan Quarterly". The Asahi Shimbun. Retrieved August 21, 2022.
- Benzoni, Maria Matilde (2012). Americhe e modernità. Un itinerario fra storia e storiografia dal 1492 ad oggi. ISBN 978-88-204-0408-6.
- Gunji, Yasunori. "La missione degli Ambasciatori Giapponesi del 1985 a Bagnaia" (PDF). Biblioteca Consorziale Viterbo. Retrieved December 28, 2014.
- Iannello, Tiziana (2013). "Una legazione giapponese alla corte di Alfonso II d'Este (22-25 giugno 1585): documenti e testimonianze". Il Giappone. Vol. LI. pp. 22–50. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
- Massarella, Dereck (February 2013). "The Japanese Embassy to Europe" (PDF). The Journal of the Hakluyt Society. ISBN 978-1-4094-7223-0.
- Luigi Mezzadri (2006). La Chiesa tra Rinascimento e illuminismo. Città Nuova. ISBN 88-311-0340-7.
- Murdoch, James (2004). A History of Japan. Vol. 2. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-15416-1.
- Musillo, Marco (2012). "Travelers from Afar through Civic Spaces: The Tenshō Embassy in Renaissance Italy". In Christina H. Lee (ed.). Western Visions of the Far East in a Transpacific Age, 1522–1657. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4094-0850-5.
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 405–406. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
- Schütte, Josef Franz. Valignano's mission principles for Japan (5th ed.). Institute of Jesuit Sources.
- Sestili, Daniele (2001). "La prima introduzione della musica europea in Giappone tra Cinque e Seicento". In A. Boscaro; e M. Bossi (eds.). Firenze, il Giappone e l'Asia orientale. Atti del Convegno internazionale di studi (Firenze, 25-27 marzo 1999) Copertina flessibile – 1 aprile 2001. Firenze: Olschki. pp. 57–65. ISBN 88-222-4998-4.
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