Jaguar AJ-V8 engine

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Jaguar AJ8
Cooling system		Water-cooled
Output
Power output	240–592 hp (179–441 kW; 243–600 PS)
Torque output	233–561 lb⋅ft (316–761 N⋅m)
Chronology
Predecessor	Jaguar AJ16 Jaguar V12 Rover V8 BMW M62
Successor	Ingenium AJ300 BMW N63 (Range Rover)

The

used in many Jaguar vehicles. It was the fourth new engine type in the history of the company. It was an in house design with work beginning before Ford's purchase of the company. In 1997 it replaced both designs previously available on Jaguar cars: the .

The AJ-V8 was designed to use

, high-sulphur fuel reacted with the Nikasil coating and caused engine failures. Jaguar replaced affected engines, and has used conventional cast-iron linings ever since.

The engine originally used a two-state

Variable Valve Timing

system to switch the intake cam timing by 30°. Newer variants use a more sophisticated system which can vary intake timing incrementally up to 48°. The Lincoln version was made in the United States.

Other engine features include fracture-split forged powder metal

intake manifold

.

The AJ-V8 was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2000.

Ford ceased production of the AJ-V8 engine in September 2020 when it closed the Bridgend Plant.^[1] However, in August 2020 JLR was able to take over production means for the AJ-V8.^[2]

Manufacture

The AJ8 engine was manufactured in a, dedicated Jaguar facility located within the Ford Bridgend Engine Plant in Bridgend, South Wales. The Jaguar "plant-within-a-plant" saved considerable investment costs by Jaguar. It was staffed by workers dedicated to Jaguar engine production and included a linked flow-line of computer numerically controlled machines with automated loading and assembly. Component supply was on a "just-in-time" basis.^[3][4][5][6]

Jaguar Land Rover has subsequently produced the AJ supercharged petrol V8 Jaguar Land Rover engines in a state-of-the-art Engine Manufacturing Centre in Wolverhampton.^[7]

4.0 L

The 4.0 L (3,996 cc) AJ26 engine was introduced in 1996. The number "26" comes from 12+6+8 (cylinders), because when the first ideas were sketched, a family of 6-, 8- and 12-cylinder engines was contemplated, although only the 8-cylinder version was produced. It has a square 86 mm (3.39 in) bore and stroke. It was updated in 1998 as the AJ27 with continuously variable valve timing. The AJ-V8 was updated again in 2000 as the AJ28. The

version produces 290 hp (216 kW; 294 PS) in the 2000–2002 XK8.

Vehicles using this engine:

• AJ26
  • 1997–1998 Jaguar XJ8
  • 1997–1998 Jaguar XK8
  • 1997–1998 Daimler V8
• AJ27
  • 1999–2003 Jaguar XJ8
  • 1999–2003 Jaguar XK8
  • 1999–2003 Daimler V8
• AJ28
  • 2000–2002 Jaguar S-Type 281 hp (210 kW; 285 PS), 287 lb⋅ft (389 N⋅m)

Supercharged

The supercharged version of the AJ26 is used in the high-performance R versions of Jaguar's cars. The engine was updated with AJ27 specifications for 2000. It produces 370 hp (276 kW; 375 PS) and 387 lb⋅ft (525 N⋅m) with the help of an Eaton supercharger (modified Roots-blower). The supercharged engine did not use variable cam timing as the normal benefits of improved volumetric efficiency are not noticeable on a boosted engine.

Vehicles using the supercharged version include:

• AJ26S
  • 1998–1999 Jaguar XJR
  • 1998–1999 Jaguar XKR
  • 1998–1999 Daimler Super V8
• AJ27S
  • 2000–2003 Jaguar XJR
  • 2000–2003 Jaguar XKR
  • 2000–2003 Daimler Super V8

3.2 L

The 3.2 litre variant was the second to be introduced. It reduces the stroke to 70 mm (2.76 in) and power falls to 240 hp (179 kW; 243 PS) and 233 lb⋅ft (316 N⋅m). This variant was not available in the North American market.

Vehicles using this engine:

• 1997–2003 Jaguar XJ8

3.5 L

The 3.6 L; 216.9 cu in (3,555 cc), marketed as "3.5", was used in the XJ series as well. The stroke was 76.5 mm (3.01 in). Output was 262 bhp (195 kW; 266 PS) at 6,250 rpm and 345 N⋅m (254 lb⋅ft) at 4,200 rpm.

Vehicles using this engine:

• 2002–2007 Jaguar XJ8 3.5, 262 hp (195 kW; 266 PS) and 254 lb⋅ft (344 N⋅m)

3.9 L

The 3.9 L (3,934 cc) AJ30/AJ35 variant is a unique displacement used only by

engine plant. Bore and stroke is 86 mm × 85 mm (3.39 in × 3.35 in). The AJ35 version introduced for the 2003 model year added variable valve timing of the intake camshafts and electronic throttle control. While the block, crankshaft, pistons, and connecting rods are all unique to this displacement, many other parts are shared with the AJ-V8 engines produced in the UK by Jaguar.

Vehicles using this engine:

• 2000–2002 Lincoln LS, 252 hp (188 kW; 255 PS) 267 lb⋅ft (362 N⋅m)
• 2002 Ford Thunderbird, 252 hp (188 kW; 255 PS) 267 lb⋅ft (362 N⋅m)
• 2003–2006 Lincoln LS, 280 hp (209 kW; 284 PS) 286 lb⋅ft (388 N⋅m)
• 2003–2005 Ford Thunderbird, 280 hp (209 kW; 284 PS) 286 lb⋅ft (388 N⋅m)
• Ford Forty-Nine concept

The last AJ35 was produced in March 2006 after only 3 years. Total run of AJ30/35 was nearly 250,000 units

4.2 L

The 4.196 L; 256.1 cu in (4,196 cc), AJ33 and AJ34 versions retain the 86 mm (3.39 in) bore with 90.3 mm (3.56 in) stroke. It was introduced in 2002 as the AJ33 and produces 294 hp (219 kW; 298 PS) at 6,000 rpm with 303 lb⋅ft (411 N⋅m) of torque at 4,100 rpm, later increased to 300 hp (224 kW; 304 PS) and 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m).

Vehicles using this engine:

• 2003–2006
  Jaguar XK-series
  294 hp (219 kW; 298 PS), 303 lb⋅ft (411 N⋅m)
• 2006–2008
  Jaguar XK-series
  300 hp (224 kW; 304 PS), 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m)
• 2002–2008 Jaguar S-Type 4.2, 300 hp (224 kW; 304 PS) and 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m)
• 2004–2009
  Jaguar XJ8
  , 300 hp (224 kW; 304 PS) and 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m)
• 2008–2010 Jaguar XF, 300 hp (224 kW; 304 PS) and 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m)

Supercharged

The AJ33S is a supercharged/

variant of the AJ33. It was introduced in 2002 to replace the 4.0 SC and produces 390 hp (291 kW; 395 PS) at 6,100 rpm with 399 lb⋅ft (541 N⋅m) of torque at 3,500 rpm. The engine was later updated to AJ34S specification to include Variable Valve Timing as well as other minor updates.

Vehicles using this engine:

• 2004–2009 Jaguar XJR/Super V8, 400 hp (298 kW; 406 PS) and 408 lb⋅ft (553 N⋅m)
• 2003–2006
  Jaguar XKR
  , 400 hp (298 kW; 406 PS) and 408 lb⋅ft (553 N⋅m)
• 2006–2008
  Jaguar XKR
  , 420 hp (313 kW; 426 PS) and 410 lb⋅ft (556 N⋅m)
• 2003–2008 Jaguar S-Type R, 400 hp (298 kW; 406 PS) and 408 lb⋅ft (553 N⋅m)
• 2005–2009
  Daimler Super Eight
• 2008–2010 Jaguar XF, 420 hp (313 kW; 426 PS) and 408 lb⋅ft (553 N⋅m)

Land Rover also offered a supercharged version of the 4.2 L as that company's high-performance engine. Land Rover's version is not the same as the Jaguar's version but it was adapted from it.^[8]

Applications:

• 2006–2009
  Land Rover Range Rover Sport
  390 hp (291 kW; 395 PS) and 406 lb⋅ft (550 N⋅m)
• 2006–2009
  Land Rover Range Rover
  400 hp (298 kW; 406 PS) and 413 lb⋅ft (560 N⋅m)

4.4 L

The 4.4 L; 268.1 cu in (4,394 cc) AJ41 version features an 88 mm × 90.3 mm (3.46 in × 3.56 in) bore and stroke. This engine replaced the BMW M62 engine used in 2003-2005 Range Rover models.

Applications:

• 2005–2009 Land Rover Discovery 3 / LR3 - 300 hp (224 kW; 304 PS), 315 lb⋅ft (427 N⋅m)
• 2006–2009
  Land Rover Range Rover Sport
  - 300 hp (224 kW; 304 PS) at 5,500 rpm, 315 lb⋅ft (427 N⋅m) at 4,000 rpm
• 2006–2009
  Land Rover Range Rover
  - 305 hp (227 kW; 309 PS) at 5,750 rpm, 325 lb⋅ft (441 N⋅m) at 4,000 rpm

Aston Martin 4.3/4.7

. The cylinder block, cylinder heads, crankshaft, connecting rods, pistons, camshafts, inlet and exhaust manifolds, lubrication system and engine management are all unique to the Aston Martin version.

In May 2008, Aston Martin released a new design that used pressed cylinder liners instead of cast-in liners. This allowed for thinner liners, and a higher capacity of 4.7 L (4,735 cc; 288.9 cu in) for the

.

4.3, bore and stroke 89 mm × 86 mm (3.50 in × 3.39 in)

4.7, bore and stroke 91 mm × 91 mm (3.58 in × 3.58 in)

Applications:

• 2005–2017 Aston Martin V8 Vantage
• 2014–2015 Aston Martin DB10 (Concept car)

AJ-V8 Gen III 5.0

An all new direct injection 5.0 L engine family was introduced in 2009 (all new engine block).^[9] Now featuring: spray-guided direct-injection, continuously variable intake and exhaust camshaft timing. The naturally aspirated engines also feature cam profile switching and variable track length inlet manifold. Supercharged engines make use of a sixth-generation TVS (Twin Vortices Series) supercharger. The 2010 model year engine conforms to EU5 and ULEV2 emissions regulations.^[9]

The engine is controlled by Denso's Generation 1.6 Engine Management System. Later switching to Bosch for the F-Type and other mid-2010 models going forward.

AJ133

Bore and stroke is 92.5 mm × 93 mm (3.64 in × 3.66 in).

Land Rover version is called 'LR-V8 Petrol engine'.

V6

AJ126

The AJ126 V6 utilizes a AJ133 V8 engine block with the rear two cylinder bores blanked, and reduced bore sizes on the remaining six cylinders.^[10] While the engine block is the same size as the V8, the cylinder heads are shortened versions of the V8 heads. It is made on the same production line as the AJ133.

The AJ126 is a 3.0 L; 182.8 cu in (2,995 cc) 90° petrol V6, having a bore and stroke of 84.5 mm × 89 mm (3.33 in × 3.50 in) with a 10.5:1 compression ratio. It is supercharged and liquid cooled featuring direct fuel injection, four overhead camshafts and four valves per cylinder. There are two versions differing in power produced, a standard version making 340 PS (250 kW; 335 hp) at 6,500 rpm and 332 lb⋅ft (450 N⋅m) between 3,500-5,000 rpm and a high-performance variant making 380 PS (279 kW; 375 hp) at 6,500 rpm and 339 lb⋅ft (460 N⋅m) between 3,500-5,000 rpm. A special Jaguar F-Type 400 Sport model made 400 PS (294 kW; 395 hp) and 339 lb⋅ft (460 N⋅m).

The main structural components of the engine are all manufactured from aluminum alloy. The engine is built around a very stiff, lightweight, enclosed V, deep skirt cylinder block. A structural windage tray is bolted to the bottom of the cylinder block to further improve the block stiffness, minimize NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) and help reduce oil foaming. To further enhance the stiffness of the lower engine structure, a heavily ribbed sump body is installed. The sump body also helps to reduce engine noise.

The engine uses a

high pressure direct injection fuel system with fuel pressure provided by two, cam driven high pressure pumps which are driven by a dedicated camshaft. The high pressure pumps supply the fuel rails which in turn supply the three injectors for that bank with fuel at a controlled pressure.

The four camshafts incorporate VCT (

) using information from CMP (camshaft position) sensors. The crankshaft features offset journals and a counterweight in place of the deleted pistons and rods.

The supercharger is located in the 'vee' of the engine and is driven from the crankshaft by a dedicated secondary drive belt.

The engine meets EU5 emission regulations in Europe and Rest of World (ROW) and ULEV 70 emission regulations in North American Specification (NAS) markets.

The direct fuel injection system, advanced piston and combustion chamber design and the supercharger provide improved fuel consumption and emissions.

Jaguar will be replacing the AJ-126 with an all new

turbocharged inline-6 engine.

See also

• Jaguar AJ6 engine
• Jaguar AJ-V6 engine
• Jaguar V12 engine

References

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