Justice Department (animal rights)
The Justice Department (JD) was founded in the
The first recorded action took place during Christmas 1993, when
The name has also been used in the
Philosophy
Manifesto
The
Structure
The group formed the same
In The Independent newspaper it was claimed that the Justice Department is regarded as the "terrorist wing" of the Animal Liberation Front (ALF). Some ALF activists reject the association, telling the newspaper: "You cannot be in favour of animal rights and at the same time attack people because at the end of the day people are animals, too."[citation needed]
By 1995, security forces grew concerned over not just the scale of the campaign, but also the sophistication of activists. The technology used in the bomb making was compared to that of the IRA, with hoax bombs designed to frighten the public rather than harm, although sometimes capable of maiming or killing. At the time Deputy Assistant Commissioner John Howley, overall head of both the Special Branch and the anti-terrorist branch, claimed it was not terrorism because there was no clear motive to overthrow the government.[6]
Philosophy
The existence of activists calling themselves the Justice Department or Animal Rights Militia (ARM), another name used by violent activists, reflects a struggle within the radical animal rights movement in general, between those who believe violence is justified, and those who insist the movement should reject it in favour of nonviolent resistance.[7] Furthermore, criticism from the mainstream animal rights movement includes comparing animal rights and the struggles to abolish slavery and emancipate women, which the League Against Cruel Sports thinks is "stupid and naive".[6]
While the ALF is a non-violent group, Robin Webb has noted that some people may simultaneously be involved in actions staged by the Justice Department, the ALF and the ARM, since:[8]
If someone wishes to act as the Animal Rights Militia or the Justice Department, simply put, the third policy of the ALF, to take all reasonable precautions not to endanger life, no longer applies.
Extensional self-defense
Direct action
1993
The first recorded Justice Department action took place during
1994
There were at least 31 bomb attacks against hunts and their followers during 1994 and scores of others... Most of the devices are believed to have come from the Justice Department.[6]
- The Independent
Activists working as the Justice Department have sent out letter bombs and envelopes rigged with
Shortly after, the group set fire to two boats belonging to the owner of Garetmar kennels (formally known as Cottagepatch) in
1995
The Justice Department in April were then accused of sending four letter bombs from London to senior politicians
1996
Dear animal killing scum! Hope we sliced your finger wide open and that you now die from the rat poison we smeared on the razor blade.[5]
In January, the group claimed responsibility for sending envelopes with blades soaked in
1999
In August after a few years of inactivity, a US-based group sent razor blades and a picture of a bomb from New York City to Knox County Mink Farm, Ohio. Previously targeted by the ALF in 1996 when they released 8,000 from the premises, they warned the farm that they had a year to "get out of the bloody fur trade" and release all their mink, signed by the Justice Department Anti-Fur Task Force.[18]
By October the group had prepared 83 envelopes containing razor blades and a strongly worded warning, sent from
2010
A new round of threats was investigated by the FBI in November after The Justice Department of UCLA claimed they sent HIV-infected razors to
Since 2006, activists have claimed numerous acts of
Video bomber sentenced
Relating to the video disguised devices that were sent to Stena Sealink, a
See also
- Leaderless resistance
- Animal rights
- Animal Liberation Front (ALF)
- Animal Rights Militia (ARM)
- Green Scare
- Revolutionary Cells – Animal Liberation Brigade (RCALB)
References
- ^ a b Best, Steven. "It's War! The Escalating Battle between Activists and the Corporate-State Complex". drstevebest.org. Archived from the original on 8 April 2019.
- ISBN 978-1590560549.
- ^ ISBN 978-0955585005.
- ^ a b c "Animal rights, terror tactics". BBC News. 30 August 2000.
- ^ a b c d "SPLCenter.org: From Push to Shove". 19 October 2003. Archived from the original on 19 October 2003. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Penman, Danny (1 November 1995). "Nocturnal creatures of violence". The Independent. Archived from the original on 10 November 2012.
- ^ Lee, Ronnie. Controversial Actions Archived 12 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine, No Compromise, issue #23.
- ^ "Staying on Target and Going the Distance: An Interview with U.K. A.L.F. Press Officer Robin Webb". No Compromise (22). Archived from the original on 23 June 2006. Retrieved 23 May 2006.
- ^ a b Best, Steven. "Gaps in Logic, Lapses in Politics: Rights and Abolitionism in Joan Dunayer's Speciesism", drstevebest.org.
- ^ a b Best, Steven. "Who's Afraid of Jerry Vlasak?" Archived 21 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Animal Liberation Press Office.
- ISBN 978-1137471116.
If physical force is needed to save an animal from attack, then that force is a legitimate form of what I call "extensional self defense." This principle mirrors US penal code statutes known as the "necessity defense," which can be invoked when a defendant believed that an illegal act was necessary to avoid great and imminent harm. One only needs to expand this concept slightly to cover actions that are increasingly desperate and necessary to protect animals from the total war against them.
- ISBN 978-1137471116.
- ^ "Vlasak: A Wolf in Sheep's Clothing?". Speaking of Research. 6 May 2008. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
- ISBN 978-0-12-801704-3.
- ^ Penman, Danny. Moyes, JoJo. Ministers are targeted by letter bombs. Independent, April 65th 1995.
- ^ "Fur retailers get warnings". 5 November 2012. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ "Fur retailers warned of booby-traps in the mail". 5 November 2012. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ Leigh, Norman. Farmers get razor blade threat, The Vindictor, 16 August 1999.
- ^ Mehren, Elizabeth. Scientists receive letters with razor blades, warnings, The Daily Gazette, 28 October 1999.
- ^ "Liberationist Group 'Justice Department' Increasingly Vocal on Animal Abuse, Three Communiques in the Last Week Detail Violent Agenda Against Vivisectors". North American Animal Liberation Press Office. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
- ^ Martinez, Michael. AIDS-tainted razors to animal researcher, CNN, 24 November 2010.
Further reading
- FBI testimony on the ALF, James F. Jarboe before the House Resources Committee, Subcommittee on Forests and Forest Health, 12 February 2002.
- Young, Peter, ed. (2022). Animal Liberation Front (A.L.F.): Complete Diary Of Actions - 40+ Year Timeline Of The A.L.F., And The Militant Animal Rights Movement. Warcry Communications. ISBN 978-1957452005. (covers actions of the Justice Department)