Kallistatin

Kallistatin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SERPINA4 gene.^[3][4]

Kallistatin consists of three folded ß segments and eight helical structures and contains two functional domains, an active site and a heparin-binding site.

Kallistatin signals through several receptors, including integrin ß3, lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 ( LRP6 ), nucleolin, and Krüppel-like factor 4 ( KLF4 ).^[5][6]

See also

• Serpin

References

Further reading

• Chao J, Miao RQ, Chen V, Chen LM, Chao L (2001). "Novel roles of kallistatin, a specific tissue kallikrein inhibitor, in vascular remodeling". Biol. Chem. 382 (1): 15–21.
  S2CID 33204682
  .
• Zhou GX, Chao L, Chao J (1993). "Kallistatin: a novel human tissue kallikrein inhibitor. Purification, characterization, and reactive center sequence". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (36): 25873–80.
  PMID 1334488
  .
• Wang MY, Day J, Chao L, Chao J (1989). "Human Kallistatin, a New Tissue Kallikrein-Binding Protein: Purification and Characterization". Kinins V. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 247B. pp. 1–8.
  PMID 2558505.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (link
  )
• Chen LM, Song Q, Chao L, Chao J (1995). "Cellular localization of tissue kallikrein and kallistatin mRNAs in human kidney". Kidney Int. 48 (3): 690–697.
  PMID 7474653
  .
• Chai KX, Ward DC, Chao J, Chao L (1995). "Molecular cloning, sequence analysis, and chromosomal localization of the human protease inhibitor 4 (kallistatin) gene (PI4)". Genomics. 23 (2): 370–378.
  PMID 7835886
  .
• Chao J, Schmaier A, Chen LM, Yang Z, Chao L (1996). "Kallistatin, a novel human tissue kallikrein inhibitor: levels in body fluids, blood cells, and tissues in health and disease". J. Lab. Clin. Med. 127 (6): 612–620.
  PMID 8648266
  .
• Wang DZ, Song Q, Chen LM, Chao L, Chao J (1996). "Expression and cellular localization of tissue kallikrein-kinin system in human adrenal gland". Am. J. Physiol. 271 (3 Pt 2): F709–16.
  PMID 8853434
  .
• Ma JX, King LP, Yang Z, Crouch RK, Chao L, Chao J (1997). "Kallistatin in human ocular tissues: reduced levels in vitreous fluids from patients with diabetic retinopathy". Curr. Eye Res. 15 (11): 1117–1123.
  PMID 8950506
  .
• Wolf WC, Harley RA, Sluce D, Chao J, Harley RA (1999). "Cellular localization of kallistatin and tissue kallikrein in human pancreas and salivary glands". Histochem. Cell Biol. 110 (5): 477–484.
  S2CID 25547665
  .
• Wolf WC, Harley RA, Sluce D, Chao L, Chao J (1999). "Localization and expression of tissue kallikrein and kallistatin in human blood vessels". J. Histochem. Cytochem. 47 (2): 221–8.
  S2CID 1126556
  .
• Bläckberg M, Berling R, Ohlsson K (2000). "Tissue kallikrein in severe acute pancreatitis in patients treated with high-dose intraperitoneal aprotinin". Pancreas. 19 (4): 325–334.
  PMID 10547191
  .
• Chen VC, Chao L, Chao J (2000). "Reactive-site specificity of human kallistatin toward tissue kallikrein probed by site-directed mutagenesis". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1479 (1–2): 237–46.
  PMID 10862973
  .
• Chen VC, Chao L, Chao J (2001). "A positively charged loop on the surface of kallistatin functions to enhance tissue kallikrein inhibition by acting as a secondary binding site for kallikrein". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (51): 40371–40377.
  PMID 10991942
  .
• Chen VC, Chao L, Pimenta DC, Bledsoe G, Juliano L, Chao J (2001). "Identification of a major heparin-binding site in kallistatin". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2): 1276–1284.
  PMID 11016932
  .
• Pimenta DC, Oliveira A, Juliano MA, Juliano L (2001). "Substrate specificity of human cathepsin D using internally quenched fluorescent peptides derived from reactive site loop of kallistatin". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1544 (1–2): 113–22.
  PMID 11341921
  .
• Miao RQ, Agata J, Chao L, Chao J (2002). "Kallistatin is a new inhibitor of angiogenesis and tumor growth". Blood. 100 (9): 3245–3252.
  PMID 12384424
  .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–16903.
  PMID 12477932
  .
• Miao RQ, Chen V, Chao L, Chao J (2003). "Structural elements of kallistatin required for inhibition of angiogenesis" (PDF). Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. 284 (6): C1604–13.
  S2CID 1753923. Archived from the original
  (PDF) on 2019-03-09.

External links

• The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: I04.003
• SERPINA4+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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