Karl Schmidt-Rottluff

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This article is about the German painter. For people with the same or similar names, see Carl Schmidt.
Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
Born(1884-12-01)1 December 1884
Rottluff (now a district of Chemnitz), German Empire
Died10 August 1976(1976-08-10) (aged 91)
West Berlin, West Germany
EducationSächsische Technische Hochschule
Known forPainting, printmaking, woodcutting
StyleExpressionism
MovementDie Brücke

Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (Karl Schmidt until 1905; 1 December 1884 – 10 August 1976) was a German

printmaker; he was one of the four founders of the artist group Die Brücke
.

Life and work

Schmidt-Rottluff was born in Rottluff, nowadays a district of Chemnitz, on 1 December 1884. He attended the humanistische gymnasium (classics-oriented secondary school) in Chemnitz, where he befriended Erich Heckel. He enrolled in architecture at the Sächsische Technische Hochschule in Dresden in 1905, following in Heckel's footsteps, but gave up after one term.[1] Whilst he was there, however, Erich Heckel introduced him to Ernst Ludwig Kirchner and Fritz Bleyl. They all passionately shared similar artistic interests and used architecture as a front to study art. They founded Die Brücke in Dresden on 7 June 1905, with the aim of creating a style that was uncompromising and which renounced all traditions. Its first exhibition opened in Leipzig in November of the same year.[2]

Woman with a Bag by Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (1915)

In 1906, Schmidt added his native town of Rottluff to his surname. He spent the summer of that year on the island of

Alsen with Emil Nolde, where he convinced him to join Die Brücke. Being known as a loner of the group, Schmidt-Rottluff spent the summers on the coast at Dangast, near Bremen
from 1907 to 1912.

From 1905 to 1911, during the group's Dresden stay, Schmidt-Rottluff and his fellow group members followed a similar path of development, and were heavily influenced by the styles of

Neo-impressionism. Schmidt-Rottluff’s works stood out from his peers because of their balance of composition and simple form, which together served to exaggerate their flatness. He spent 1910 painting some of his most infamous landscape works that received recognition and fame. In December 1911, he and the other members of Die Brücke moved from Dresden to Berlin.[1]

The group was dissolved in 1913, largely due to the artist's independent moves to Berlin and a systemic shift in artistic direction from each individual member. Schmidt-Rottluff began to adopt more subdued coloring and placed greater emphasis in his pictures on draughtsmanship, which featured dark, contrasting lines between shapes rather than juxtaposing colors, which had previously been the norm. Around 1909 he was instrumental in reviving the woodcut as a beloved and usable medium. From 1912 to 1920, he adopted a much more angular style in his woodcuts and experimented with carved wood sculptures.

Schmidt-Rottluff served as a soldier on the

German Revolution of 1918–19
. Schmidt-Rottluff’s angular, contrasting style became more colorful and looser in the early 1920s, and by the mid-1920s he began to evolve into flat shapes with gentle outlines. Through this development he remained committed to landscape painting as a whole.

The rewards and honors Schmidt-Rottluff received after

lithographs, 70 etchings, and 78 commercial prints described in Rosa Schapire
's Catalogue raisonné.

He died in Berlin on 10 August 1976.

Gallery of works

  • Schmidt-Rottluff, Seehofsallee in Sierksdorf, date unknown; from poster on an information table in Chemnitz
    Schmidt-Rottluff, Seehofsallee in Sierksdorf, date unknown; from poster on an information table in Chemnitz
  • Kirchner, Artist Community, (1926/27) oil on canvas; painted after the Die Brücke years. (Schmidt-Rottluff on the right, with glasses.)
    Kirchner, Artist Community, (1926/27) oil on canvas; painted after the Die Brücke years. (Schmidt-Rottluff on the right, with glasses.)

Collections

Schmidt-Rottluff's works are included in the collections of, among others, the Museum of Modern Art,[4] the Neue Galerie, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art,[5] the High Museum of Art,[6] the British Museum,[7] the North Carolina Museum of Art,[8] the Portland Art Museum,[9] the Smart Museum of Art,[10] the University of Michigan Museum of Art,[11] the Cooper Hewitt,[12] the Clark Art Institute,[13] the McNay Art Museum,[14] the Indianapolis Museum of Art,[15] the Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum,[16] the Stadel Museum,[17] the Brooklyn Museum,[18] the Hammer Museum,[19] the Detroit Institute of Arts,[20] the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco,[21] the Saint Louis Art Museum,[22] the Centre Pompidou,[23] and the Muscarelle Museum of Art.[24] The Museum am Theaterplatz in Chemnitz has a large collection of work from Schmidt-Rottluff.[25]

In 2011, the

Staatliche Museum
.

Art market

In 1997, £925,500 was paid for Schmidt-Rottluff's Dangaster Park (1910) at

Christie’s in London in 2008.[26]

See also

Notes and references

  1. ^
    ISBN 0-7141-1621-1
    .
  2. ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4. Retrieved 12 April 2018. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help
    )
  3. ^ a b Karl Schmidt-Rottluff Museum of Modern Art, New York.
  4. ^ "Karl Schmidt-Rottluff. House in the Park (Haus im Park) (plate, folio 9 verso) KG Brücke. 1910 | MoMA". The Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  5. ^ "Karl Schmidt-Rottluff | LACMA Collections". collections.lacma.org. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  6. ^ "Frauenkopf (Head of a Woman)". High Museum of Art. Retrieved 2019-04-11.
  7. ^ "print | British Museum". The British Museum. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  8. ^ "Portrait of Emy – NCMALearn". learn.ncartmuseum.org. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  9. ^ "Karl Schmidt-Rottluff". portlandartmuseum.us. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  10. ^ "Works | Karl Schmidt-Rottluff | People | Smart Museum of Art | The University of Chicago". smartcollection.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  11. ^ "Exchange: Men with Boat (Fishermen with Boat); Ausfahrende Fischer". exchange.umma.umich.edu. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  12. ^ "Print, Model, 1910". Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  13. ^ "Mourners on the Beach". www.clarkart.edu. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  14. ^ "Katzen (Cats) from Zehn Holzschnitte von Schmidt-Rottluff (Ten Woodcuts by Schmidt-Rottluff)". McNay Art Museum. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  15. ^ "Mutter (Mother)". Indianapolis Museum of Art Online Collection. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  16. ^ "Schmidt-Rottluff, Karl". Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  17. ^ "Karl Schmidt-Rottluff". Digital Collection. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  18. ^ "Brooklyn Museum". www.brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  19. ^ "Art | Hammer Museum". hammer.ucla.edu. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  20. ^ "Still Life, Cactus". www.dia.org. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  21. ^ "Nach dem Fang (After the Catch) - Karl Schmidt-Rottluff". FAMSF Search the Collections. 2018-11-27. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  22. ^ "Village on the Sea". Saint Louis Art Museum. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  23. ^ "Kopf". Centre Pompidou. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  24. ^ "Melancholie, (woodcut)". Curators at Work VI. Muscarelle Museum of Art. 2016. Retrieved 20 Jun 2018.
  25. New York Times
    .
  26. ^ a b Catherine Hickley (November 18, 2011), Berlin Will Return Paintings to Auschwitz Victim’s Heir Bloomberg.
  27. ^ Souren Melikian (October 25, 1997), Great Substitution Game Generates High Stakes and Huge Profits International Herald Tribune.
  28. New York Times
    .

External links

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