Kars Province
Kars Province
Kars ili | |
---|---|
Country | Turkey |
Seat | Kars |
Government | |
• Governor | Türker Öksüz |
Area | 10,193 km2 (3,936 sq mi) |
Population (2022)[1] | 274,829 |
• Density | 27/km2 (70/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
Area code | 0474 |
Website | www |
Kars Province (Turkish: Kars ili; Azerbaijani: Qars Rayonu; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Qersê;[2] Armenian: Կարսի նահանգ[3]) is a province of Turkey, located in the northeastern part of the country. It shares part of its closed border with Armenia. Its area is 10,193 km2,[4] and its population is 274,829 (2022).[1] The provincial capital is the city of Kars. The provinces of Ardahan and Iğdır were part of Kars Province until 1992.[5][6]
History
In ancient times, Kars (Armenian: Կարս) was part of the province of Ararat in the Kingdom of Armenia. The first known people were the followers of Vanand (Վանանդ), for whom Kars was their main settlement and fortress. In 928, Kars became the capital of Bagratid Armenia. In 968, the capital of Armenia was moved to Ani, but Kars remained the capital of the feudal principality of Vanand.
The
As a result of the
As a part of Turkey
In September 1935 the third
Geology and geomorphology
Lakes
The main lakes in Kars are Lake Aygır, Lake Çıldır and Lake Kuyucuk.
Mountains
The main mountains in Kars are the Allahuekber Mountains, Mount Soğanlı and Aras Mountains.
Demographics
Nationality[12] | 18741[13] | 18972[14] | 1916[15] | 19273 | 19504 | 1965 | 2017[16] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | % | ||||
Turkic peoples | 22,758 | 61.8% | 103,457 | 35.6% | 102,748 | 28.21 | 160,576 | 78.2% | 311,400 | 75.9% | 471,287 | 77.7% | 66.8% | |||
Kurds6 | 6,404 | 17.4% | 42,968 | 14.8% | 67,450 | 18.52 | 42,945 | 21% | 94,847 | 23.1% | 134,136 | 22.1% | 33.2% | |||
Armenians | 5,014 | 13.6% | 73,406 | 25.3% | 118,217 | 32.46 | 21 | 0% | 23 | 0% | 5 | 0% | — | |||
Greeks | 681 | 1.8% | 32,593 | 11.2% | 16,787 | 4.61 | 0 | 0% | 13 | 0% | 6 | 0% | — | |||
Slavs | — | — | 31,099 | 10.7% | 18,997 | 5.22 | — | — | 565 | 0.1% | 75 | 0% | — | |||
Others | 1,965 | 5.3% | 7,131 | 2.5% | 40,015 | 10.99 | 1,688 | 0.8% | 3,388 | 0.8% | 804 | 0.1% | — | |||
1 Yezidis .
|
Districts
Kars province is divided into 8
There are 382 villages in Kars Province.
Kars nature, wildlife and ecotourism
Kars has a wealth of wildlife that is being documented by the Kars-Iğdır Biodiversity Project run by the
Economy
The economy of Kars Province is dominated by agriculture, livestock breeding and forestry. 85% of the active population in Kars Province are farmers or herders. 60% of the gross domestic income is received from those sectors. Industry, tourism and commerce is developing.[19]
The climate limits the cultivation of plants in the region. In Kağızman and Tuzluca, cotton, sugar beet, beans and vetches are grown. Vegetable gardening and orchards are not very developed. Wheat, barley, cotton and in small quantity tobacco are grown in the province.[19]
Livestock breeding in the region is more important than agriculture. Grassland, meadows and the rich vegetation led to the development of livestock breeding. The grassland and meadows, which make out 70% of the area of Kars Province, are capable of providing at least ten times of the current livestock potential's breeding. Kars is the biggest cattle breeding province in Turkey, and is the center of livestock trade.[19] Efforts are being made to increase goose breeding, which is very special to Kars region. Aside its meat taking a special place in the Kars cuisine, goose liver and down feather started already to be exported to Europe.[20][21]
Kars Province is not abundant with woods although the region is favorable for forests. Only 4% of the province area is covered with woods.
Ore beds of rock salt, arsenic, asbestos, magnesite, gypsum and perlite are explored, however, only rock salt is mined.[19]
Main industrial plants in Kars are of meat processing, livestock feed processing, gristmill, yarn, tannery, footwear, cement and brick factories.[19]
Cuisine
Among the most famous food products special to Kars region are Kars honey,
Monuments
Kars contains numerous monuments, the most notable being the ruined Armenian city of Ani and the 9th century Church of the Apostles.
In popular culture
Kars was the setting for the popular novel Snow by Orhan Pamuk.
The Siege of Kars, 1855 is a book published by The Stationery Office, 2000, and is an account of its defence and capitulation as reported by one General Williams, one of many British officers lent to the Turkish army to lead garrisons and train regiments in the war against Russia.
In the book, Life and Times of Alexis Zorbas by Nikos Kazantzakis, Zorbas talks about his visit to the Kars province in order to find work and where he also attended an extravagant wedding in Kars.
Gallery
See also
References
- ^ TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
- ^ "Li Qersê 12 kes hatin desteserkirin" (in Kurdish). Rûdaw. 23 July 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
- ^ "111-ամյա տատիկը՝ ծննդավայր Կարսի կարոտով" (in Armenian). Azatutyun. 24 April 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
- ^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
- ^ Kanun No. 3806, Resmî Gazete, 3 June 1992.
- ^ "İl İdaresi ve Mülki Bölümler Şube Müdürlüğü İstatistikleri - İl ve İlçe Kuruluş Tarihleri" (PDF) (in Turkish). pp. 11, 40. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
- ^ a b Coene, Frederik, 'The Caucasus - An Introduction', (2011)
- ^ a b "Üçüncü Umumi Müfettişliği'nin Kurulması ve III. Umumî Müfettiş Tahsin Uzer'in Bazı Önemli Faaliyetleri". Dergipark. p. 2. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ^ Üngör, Umut. "Young Turk social engineering : mass violence and the nation state in eastern Turkey, 1913- 1950" (PDF). University of Amsterdam. pp. 244–247. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ISBN 978-1-317-09579-8.
- ISBN 978-0-521-62096-3.
- ISBN 97 5-80 86-77-4.
- ^ Georg Kobro (1991). Das Gebiet von Kars und Ardahan (in German). Munich.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам Российской Империи кроме губерний Европейской России" (in Russian). Демоскоп Weekly. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
- ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. pp. 198–201. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
- ^ Deniz Özyakişir (October 2017). "Göç olgusuna etnik kimlik açısından bir yaklaşım: kars örneği" (PDF) (in Turkish): 1133. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help) - ^ "kuzeydoga".
- ^ "Kuyucuk Lake Project". www.kuyucuk.org. Archived from the original on 2008-03-02.
- ^ a b c d e f "Kars-Ekonomik Faaliyetler" (in Turkish). Coğrafya Dünyası. Retrieved 2013-04-07.
- ^ Küpeli, Mustafa (2011-12-11). "Kaz Kars, Ardahan ve Bölge için Bir Ekonomik Potansiyeldir". Serhat'ın Sesi Siyasal Birikim (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 2013-07-06. Retrieved 2013-04-07.
- ^ "Kars'tan Almanya'ya Kaz Tüyü İhraç Edildi". Yeni Umut Gazetesi (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 2013-03-28. Retrieved 2013-04-07.
- ^ Yaşin, Mehmet (2007-01-21). "Kars'ta kaz kebabı ziyafeti". Hürriyet Yazarlar (in Turkish). Retrieved 2013-04-07.
- ^ Taşdemir, Yüksel Turan. "Kars Kazı, Kars Kars kaşarı , Kars Grevyeri, Kars Balı ve Bu Yöreye Özel Besinler" (in Turkish). Tavsiye Ediyorum. Retrieved 2013-04-07.
- ^ "Kars usulu Kaz / Kars style roasted goose". Turkish cuisine. 26 January 2012. Retrieved 2013-04-07.
External links
- Bealby, John Thomas (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). pp. 682–683. .
- (in Turkish) Kars governor's official website
- (in Turkish) Kars municipality's official website
- (in English) The official city guide of the Kars municipality
- (in Turkish) Kars Daily News
- (in English) Kars weather forecast information
- Pictures of the city of Kars and of nearby Ani
- (in English) Serhat Development Agency information on Kars