King and Queen, Brighton

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Coordinates: 50°49′29″N 0°08′14″W / 50.8246°N 0.1371°W / 50.8246; -0.1371
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King and Queen
The pub from the east-northeast
Location13–17 Marlborough Place, Brighton BN1 1UB, United Kingdom
Coordinates50°49′29″N 0°08′14″W / 50.8246°N 0.1371°W / 50.8246; -0.1371
Built1779
Rebuilt1931–32
ArchitectClayton & Black
Architectural style(s)Mock Tudor
Listed Building – Grade II
Official nameThe King and Queen Hotel
Designated19 March 1997
Reference no.1381770
King and Queen, Brighton is located in Brighton
King and Queen, Brighton
Location within central Brighton

The King and Queen (also known as Ye Olde King and Queen[1] and The King and Queen Hotel)[2] is a pub in the seaside resort of Brighton, part of the city of Brighton and Hove. The present building, a "striking" architectural "pantomime" by the prolific local firm Clayton & Black, dates from the 1930s, but a pub of this name has stood on the site since 1860—making it one of the first developments beyond the boundaries of the ancient village. This 18th-century pub was, in turn, converted from a former farmhouse. Built using materials characteristic of 16th-century Vernacular architecture, the pub is in the Mock Tudor style and has a wide range of extravagant decorative features inside and outside—contrasting with the simple design of the neighbouring offices at 20–22 Marlborough Place, designed a year later. English Heritage has listed the pub at Grade II for its architectural and historical importance.

History

Brighton developed into a fashionable resort in the 18th and 19th centuries, with

King George III and Queen Charlotte.[6] Brighton was well provided with inns and beerhouses at this time: the town had 41 by 1800, or one for every 30 households, and many private houses sold unlicensed alcohol.[7]

At first the inn catered mostly for agricultural workers from the surrounding farms, although players and spectators involved in cricket matches on the adjacent open land also used the inn. (This trade ceased when the area was enclosed in 1817 to form parkland now known as Victoria Gardens.)[8] An army barracks stood behind the pub, and for many years its soldiers were supplied with alcohol through a secret hole and passageway in the rear wall.[8][9] The barracks, originally for infantry and later the home of the 1st Sussex Rifles and 1st Sussex Artillery Volunteers regiments, closed in 1870; the Blenheim Hotel and the town's first courthouse now occupy the site.[10]

The inn's importance increased further in the early 19th century when Brighton's corn market was established there:[4] it moved from another Brighton inn, the Old Ship Hotel, in or before 1822, and was held every Thursday.[11] On 1 October 1868 it moved again to the former riding school of the Royal Pavilion, built in 1803–08 by William Porden.[8][12] Other 19th-century events included the inquest of a man killed during rioting in Old Steine in 1817.[6]

Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn
.

The pub and most of the buildings north of it, as far as the junction with Church Street, were rebuilt in the 1930s.

Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, and their images were painted beneath one of the gables.[9][14] A contemporary report in the Brighton Herald newspaper praised the rebuilt pub, stating that it was "something more than a handsome, spacious building ... it is a gorgeous flight of architectural imagination".[9]

The pub has medieval-style decorative windows.

The interior was altered in 1967, when the original three-room space was reconfigured to form a single room "in the form of a spacious medieval nobleman's hall".

Fatboy Slim has played there, and there is a regular karaoke night.[16][17]

The pub was listed at Grade II by English Heritage on 19 March 1997.[2] This defines it as a "nationally important" building of "special interest".[18] As of February 2001, it was one of 1,124 Grade II-listed buildings and structures, and 1,218 listed buildings of all grades, in the city of Brighton and Hove.[19] It is also within the Valley Gardens Conservation Area,[20] one of 34 conservation areas in Brighton and Hove.[21] On 24 October 2015 it was registered as an asset of community value by Brighton and Hove City Council.[22]

Architecture

This painted panel shows Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn.
The two-storey north wing dates from 1935–36.

The King and Queen has been widely praised for its distinctive, elaborately detailed architecture. Clayton & Black's "theatrical rebuilding", completed in 1932, created an architectural "pantomime"

weatherboarded dormer windows at the top (attic) storey, below which are the two main storeys.[2] To the right (north) side is a two-storey section dating from 1935–36.[13][2]

The main section has five

quoined brick tower topped with a chimney and another gable, from which two carved sheep's heads project.[2]

The exterior has a series of half-timbered gables.

The north wing is mostly timber-framed with nogging infill.[13] There is herringbone brickwork at first-floor level around the series of two-light windows.[2][14] Much use is made of decorative ironwork: the ground floor is mostly open in the form of an oak-braced carriage arch with a portcullis, and between the brick piers which divide the wing into a series of bays are entrances with "fearsome wrought iron embellishments".[2] The tiled roof has two gabled dormers. The part of this wing facing inwards towards the courtyard has brick and timberwork with balustrades and gables, and there is an open gallery on one side.[2][13] Carved medieval figures are found in several places.[2]

Inside, despite the opening out of Heaton Tabb & Co's original three-room interior in 1967, many 1930s features remain, including a wood and wrought iron bar, a balustraded gallery (with later glazing), moulded fireplaces, decorative coloured glass with heraldic emblems, tapestries, timber panelling with

lintels and medieval-style carved settles.[2][6][9] A curved staircase leading to the first-floor function room apparently dates from the 1967 alterations; it has a balustrade and stained glass inserts.[2]

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ "Welcome to the King & Queen". Ye Olde King & Queen, Brighton. 2010. Archived from the original on 12 August 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Historic England. "The King and Queen Hotel, 14, 15 and 16 Marlborough Place, The City of Brighton and Hove (Grade II) (1381770)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
  3. ^ Carder 1990, §17.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Carder 1990, §189.
  5. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 86.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Collis 2010, p. 195.
  7. ^ Musgrave 1981, p. 210.
  8. ^ a b c Musgrave 1981, p. 211.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, p. 47.
  10. ^ Collis 2010, p. 59.
  11. ^ Collis 2010, p. 194.
  12. ^ Collis 2010, p. 88.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 87.
  14. ^ a b c Musgrave 1981, p. 212.
  15. ^ Collis 2010, p. 128.
  16. ^ "Sports". Ye Olde King & Queen, Brighton. 2010. Archived from the original on 5 May 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
  17. ^ "Events". Ye Olde King & Queen, Brighton. 2010. Archived from the original on 3 March 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
  18. ^ "Listed Buildings". English Heritage. 2012. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
  19. ^ "Images of England – Statistics by County (East Sussex)". Images of England. English Heritage. 2007. Archived from the original on 23 October 2012. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
  20. ^ "Valley Gardens Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 13 September 1995. p. 17. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
  21. ^ "Conservation Areas in Brighton & Hove". Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2010. Archived from the original on 30 August 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  22. ^ "Brighton & Hove City Council List of Assets of Community Value" (PDF). Brighton and Hove City Council. 18 May 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.

Bibliography

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