Labidura riparia
Labidura riparia | |
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A Labidura riparia specimen in Ebro Delta, Spain | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Dermaptera |
Family: | Labiduridae |
Genus: | Labidura |
Species: | L. riparia
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Binomial name | |
Labidura riparia |
Labidura riparia is a species of
L. riparia are a subsocial earwig with complex maternal habits.[5][7] They are voracious predators, and highly regarded as efficient for pest control in many situations.[5] Repugnitory glands in the earwigs cause them to secrete a foul smelling pheromone to deter predators, which is said to smell like decomposition.[2]
Males of this species have two penises in which they can use interchangeably.[8] Individuals have a preference on which they dominantly use though.[8] Just like humans’ limb dexterity, L. riparia have a 90% prevalence of “right-handed” penises.[8] This unequal proportion is unique to this species compared to all other earwigs, and may have a relationship with the spermatheca location on females.[5]
Ecology
The striped earwig prefers dark, moist environments with shelter that it can hide in during the daytime.
L. riparia are generalist predators whose diet consists entirely of insects or scavenged meat.
The primary predator to L. riparia is ants, as they prey on unattended eggs.[11] Overlap of predation does occur between organisms though as the earwigs prey on the ant eggs as well, the effect of ants on earwigs seems to be greater than the reverse relationship, as populations of earwigs increase if the ants decrease.[4][11]
Nesting and life cycle
Nests are essential for protection from the environment, and
See also
References
- ^ "The Earwig Research Centre - All the names". Retrieved 2009-04-01.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i P. M. Choate. "The Order Dermaptera (Earwigs) in Florida and the United States" (PDF). University of Florida. Retrieved 2009-04-01.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Tawfik, M., Abul-Nar, S., and El-hussein, M. 1973. The biology of Labidura riparia Pallas. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Egypt 76, 75-92.
- ^ a b c Gross, H. 1967. Ecology and control of the striped earwig Labidura riparia, in Louisiana. Unpublished Ph. D dissertation, Louisiana state university and agricultural and mechanical college.
- ^ a b c d Kimimura, Y. 2014 Pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection and the evolution of sexually dimorphic traits in earwigs. Entomological Science, 17, 139-166.
- ^ a b c Jarvis, K., Hass, F., and Whiting, M. 2005. Phylogeny of earwigs based on molecular and morphological evidence. Systematic Entomology, 30, 442-453.
- ^ a b c d e Radl, R., and Linsenmair, K. 1991. Maternal behavior and nest recognition in the subsocial earwig Labidura riparia Pallas. Ethology, 89, 287-296.
- ^ a b c Kamimura, Y. 2006. Right-handed penises of the earwig Labidura riparia. Journal of Morphology, 267, 1381-1389.
- ^ a b c Earl, H., and Tryon, J. 1986. The striped earwig, and ant predators of sugarcane rootstock borer, in Florida citrus. The Florida Entomologist, 69, 336-343.
- ^ Ugolini, A., and Chiussi. R. 1995. Astronomical orientation and learning in the earwig Labidura riparia. Behavioural Processes, 36, 151-161.
- ^ a b c Ktsuyuki, K., Takeda, M., and Hamamura. T. 2007. Insecticide susceptibility of a generalist predator Labidura riparia. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 42, 501-505.
- ^ Afify, A. Farghaly, H. 1971. Comparative laboratory studies on the effectiveness of Labidura riparia Pall. and Coccinella undecimpunctata Reiche, as predators of eggs and newly hatched larvae of Spodoptera littoralis. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Egypt, 54, 277-282.
- ^ Bassal, T., El-Naggar, M., Fahmy, N., Dorrah, M., Sallam, M., and Saama, M. 2001. Carnivory, rate of digestion, and prey consumption by Labidura riparia. Efflatounia, 1, 13-19.