Lubawa

Coordinates: 53°30′N 19°45′E / 53.500°N 19.750°E / 53.500; 19.750
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Lubawa
Central square, with fountain
Central square, with fountain
Car plates
NIL
National roads
Voivodeship roads
Websitehttp://www.lubawa.pl

Lubawa pronounced

Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland. It is located in Iława County on the Sandela River, some 18 km (11 mi) southeast of Iława
.

Geographical location

Lubawa is located in

above sea level
.

History

Remains of the Lubawa Castle

In 1214 the local Prussian landlord Surwabuno was christened by

Masovia
in the south.

Gothic church St. Anna in Lubawa (1330).[1]

In 1440 the town joined the anti-Teutonic

Erasmus of Rotterdam, but it was soon rebuilt and between 1535 and 1539 Nicolaus Copernicus visited the bishop's castle in Lubawa several times. At that time, the castle also housed an astronomical observatory. It was in Lubawa that the decision was made to publish Copernicus' groundbreaking work De revolutionibus orbium coelestium
. In 1545 the town and the castle were yet again destroyed by a fire.

The town gained significant profits from the trade. In 1627 the castle was refurbished and became a

Province of West Prussia. According to the German census of 1890, the town had a population of 4,593, of which 2,300 (50.1%) were Poles.[5]

As a consequence of the Treaty of Versailles following the rebirth of sovereign Poland the town was re-incorporated into Poland.

German occupation of Poland

Following the 1939

Nazi regime housed a secret camp in the town for Polish children and teenagers aged 10–17, mostly boys.[8] The children were subjected to forced labour, beatings, malnutrition and even executions.[8] Children reaching the age of majority were deported to the Stutthof concentration camp and its subcamps.[8] With the approaching Eastern Front, the camp was dissolved in January 1945 and the remaining children were deported to Germany.[8] After the end of war, Lubawa was again part of Poland
where it remained since then.

Economy

Lubawa is an important centre of

Polish Army
and the Polish press.

Tourism

Lubawa is a centre of local tourism. The "Wzgórza Lubawskie" forest reserve is located only some ten kilometres (6.2 miles) westwards and the picturesque Drwęca River flows some five kilometres (3.1 miles) to the west. Also, the nearby battlefield of the Battle of Grunwald attracts many tourists, both from Poland and from abroad, mostly from Germany.

Selected historic churches, from the left: St. John the Baptist, St. Barbara, Visitation church

Notable heritage sights and landmarks:

  • Monument to Polish child prisoners of Nazi Germany
  • Two 15th-century towers
  • Parts of
    city walls
    from the 14th century
  • Ruins of a Gothic castle
  • Gothic St. Anne's Church from 1330
  • St. John's Church from 1496–1507, rebuilt in 1603–10 in Renaissance style.
  • Wooden Church of St. Barbara from 1770–1779, built in Baroque style.[1]
  • 19th-century houses
  • Łazienki Miejskie park
  • Church of the Visitation in Lubawa Lipy
  • Remnants of wooden sewer system, designed by Nicolaus Copernicus according to urban legend

Sports

Local sports clubs include football club Motor Lubawa, which competes in the lower leagues, and athletics club LKS Lubawa.

Notable residents

References

  1. ^ a b Program opieki nad zabytkami Gminy Miejskiej Lubawa na lata 2013-2016, Krajobraz kulturowy i zabytki nieruchome. Lubawa.
  2. ^ Górski, Karol (1949). Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych (in Polish). Poznań: Instytut Zachodni. pp. XXXVII, 54.
  3. ^ Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, 6th edition, Vol. 12, Leipzig and Vienna 1908, p. 641, no 1).
  4. ^ Kasparek, Norbert (2014). "Żołnierze polscy w Prusach po upadku powstania listopadowego. Powroty do kraju i wyjazdy na emigrację". In Katafiasz, Tomasz (ed.). Na tułaczym szlaku... Powstańcy Listopadowi na Pomorzu (in Polish). Koszalin: Muzeum w Koszalinie, Archiwum Państwowe w Koszalinie. pp. 138–139.
  5. ^ "Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte Westpreussen, Kreis Loebau". treemagic.org. Retrieved 2021-01-19.
  6. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 122.
  7. ^ Wardzyńska, p. 177
  8. ^ a b c d "Miejsca niemieckich represji w Lubawie i Nowym Mieście Lubawskim". Opinie Olsztyn (in Polish). 13 July 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2022.

External links

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