Maithili literature
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Indian literature |
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Ancient |
Early Medieval |
Medieval to early Modern |
Maithili literature is the entire collection of poetry, novels, short stories, documents and other writings in the Maithili language. The most famous literary figure in Maithili is the poet Vidyapati (1350–1450), who wrote his poems in the language of the people, i.e., Maithili, at a time when state's official language was Sanskrit and Sanskrit was being used as a literary language. The use of Maithili, instead of Sanskrit, in literature became more common after Vidyapati.
The main characteristics of Magadhi Prakrit is to mutate 'r' into 's', the 'n' for n, of 'j' for 'y', of 'b' for 'y' In the edicts of Ashoka the change of 'r' to 'h' is established. Mahavir and Buddha delivered their sermons in the eastern languages. The secular use of language came mainly from the east as will be evident from the Prakritpainglam, a comprehensive work on Prakrit and Apabhramsa-Avahatta poetry. Jyotirishwar mentions Lorika. Vachaspati II in his Tattvachintamani and Vidyapati in his Danavakyavali have profusely used typical Maithili words of daily use.
The Maithili script, Mithilakshara or Tirhuta as it is popularly known, is of a great antiquity. The
The language of the Buddhist dohas is described as belonging to the mixed Maithili—Kamrupi language.[2]
Early Maithili Literature (ca. 700–1350 AD)
The period was of ballads, songs, and dohas. Some important Maithili writers of this era were:
- Jyotirishwar Thakur (1290–1350) whose Varnartnakar (1324 AD) is the first prose and encyclopedia in northern Indian language.
Middle Maithili Literature (ca. 1350–1830 AD)
The period was of theatrical writings. Some important Maithili writers of this era were:
- Vidyapati (1350–1450)
- Srimanta Sankardeva(1449–1568)
- Govindadas(late 17th century)
- Manbodh ( 17th century)[3]
Modern Maithili Literature (1830 AD to date)
Modern Maithili came into its own after
In April 2010 a translation of the
The development of Maithili in the modern era was due to magazines and journals. Some important writers of this era are:
- Baldev Mishra (1890–1975)[5]
- Surendra Jha 'Suman' (1910–2002) represented Maithili in the Sahitya Akademi
- Radha Krishna Choudhary (1921–1985)
- Jaykant Mishra(20 December 1922 – 3 February 2009) represented Maithili in the Sahitya Akademi
- Dr. Dhirendra (1956 -)[6]
- Parichay Das (1964– )
- Gajendra Thakur (1971– )
- Rajendra Bimal
- Ram bharosh Kapari
References
- ^ Choudhary, R. (1976). A survey of Maithili literature. Ram Vilas Sahu.
- ^ Barua, K. L. (1933). Early history of Kamarupa. Shillong: Published by the Author.
- ^ Janakpuri, Roshan (2021). "मैथिली भाषामा प्रगतिवादी साहित्येतिहासको सामान्य अवलोकन". Nepali Sahitya Ghar. 1 (2): 1.
मनबोध, जसले मैथिली साहित्यलाई संस्कृतको प्रारुपबाट निकालेर मैथिलीको बोली वचन र उखानहरुको प्रयोग गरेर निजत्व प्रदानं गरे
- ^ Brass, P. R. (1974). Language, Religion and Politics in North India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974. page 64
- ISBN 81-260-0465-7.
- ^ डॉ. धीरेन्द्र