ARTHUR
ARTHUR | |
---|---|
Type | Passive electronically scanned array |
Place of origin | Sweden, Norway |
Service history | |
In service | 1994–present |
Used by | See Operators |
Wars | War in Afghanistan, Iraq War |
Production history | |
Manufacturer | Saab AB |
Unit cost | 27 SEK million (1996)[1] |
No. built | 80 (by 2020)[2] |
Variants | Mod A, Mod B, Mod C, Mod D |
Specifications | |
Crew | 4 |
Passive phased array | |
Frequency | C (G/H)-band |
---|---|
Range | 60 kilometres (37 mi) Mod C 100 kilometres (62 mi) Mod D |
Precision | 60 m (200 ft) |
Other Names | MAMBA |
ARTHUR (an acronym for "artillery hunting radar") is a
It is a mobile,
The radar is now developed by Saab AB Electronic Defense Systems (after EMW was sold to Saab in June 2006) and Saab Technologies Norway AS.
Role
The ARTHUR detects
The upgraded ARTHUR Mod B meets the British Army's MAMBA requirement for locating guns, mortars or rockets. It can locate guns at 20–25 km and 120 mm mortars at 35–40 km with a circular probable error of 0.35% of range. MAMBA was successfully used by the British Army in Iraq and Afghanistan, with an availability of 90%.[2]
ARTHUR Mod C has a larger antenna and can detect guns at 31 km, mortars at 55 km and rockets at 50–60 km depending on their size, and locate targets at a rate of 100 per minute with CEP 0.2% of range for guns and rockets and 0.1% for mortars.[2]
ARTHUR WLR Mod D will have several improvements, including an instrumented range of up to 100 km, an accuracy of 0.15% of range, and will cover an arc of 120°. The detection range is between 0.8 and 100 km and could possibly increase to 200 km. More than 100 targets can be tracked at the same time.
It can be carried by a
Nordic Battle Group
The use of the ARTHUR in
Operational modes
ARTHUR can be operated in two main modes: weapon locating and fire direction. Weapon locating is used to determine the location of the guns, mortars or rocket launchers that fired and their target area. Fire direction is used to adjust the fire of own artillery onto target coordinates.
Weapon locating
When locating enemy artillery, the radar tracks the up-going trajectory of shells, calculates their points of origin and impact and, with other information, displays it to the radar operator(s). Depending on national tactics, techniques, procedures, the commander's orders and the situation, this information may be used to alert any troops in the impact area and engage the hostile batteries with counter-battery fire. If the users have digital communications networks these messages may be sent automatically.
The ARTHUR can determine whether the artillery piece is of artillery-type, rocket-type or mortar-type based upon the curve of the trajectory, the munition's speed, and its range.
Fire direction
When in fire direction mode the radar calculates the expected impact location of the friendly fire. From this corrections are calculated and reported to hit the target coordinates.
Sweden also uses the radar for 'fall of shot' calibration.
Threats
Radars are easy to detect and locate if the enemy has the necessary
Operators
Current operators
- Canada – Canadian Army: On lease for operations in Afghanistan.[4][unreliable source?][5]
- Danish Army: Being phased out under the last agreement for the Danish Defence[5]
- Greece – Hellenic Army[4][5]
- Italy – Italian Army: Initially leased for use in Iraq 2003/2004. In 2009 Italy decided to buy the system which has been in use since at least 2013 in 5 units.[4][5]
- Malaysia[4]
- Norway,[4][5] to be replaced by 8 Thales Ground Master 200 MM/C in 2024[7][8]
- Singapore[4]
- South Korea – Reportedly purchased Mod C in 2007, in 2011 Saab received a follow-up order.[9][5] About 20 are positioned near the Korean Demilitarized Zone.[2]
- Spain[4][5]
- Sweden[4][5]
- United Kingdom – British Army: Leased Mod A until Mobile Artillery Monitoring Battlefield Radar becomes available[10][4][5]
- Ukraine – Armed Forces of Ukraine[11]
See also
- AN/TPQ-36 Firefinder radar
- AN/TPQ-37 Firefinder radar
- SLC-2 Radar
- Swathi Weapon Locating Radar
- Penicillin (counter-artillery system)
- Red Color
References
- ^ "ARTHUR - Artillery Hunting Radar on BV206". one35th.com. 2 June 2008. Archived from the original on 17 May 2011. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
- ^ a b c d Dalløkken, Per Erlien (11 March 2020). "17 år etter Irak: Britene ruster opp sine norsk-svenske artillerijegere". Teknisk Ukeblad (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
- ^ "ISTAR och artillerilokaliseringsradarn ARTHUR" (in Swedish). Swedish Armed Forces. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 January 2007.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "IDE and Saab team up to support the Hellenic Army's ARTHUR systems". Army Technology. 19 December 2013. Archived from the original on 6 August 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Saab Sells the ARTHUR Radar System to Italy". Defence Aerospace. Archived from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ^ "Artillery Radar System ARTHUR". Ministry of Defence & Armed Forces of the Czech Republic. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ^ Dalløkken, Per Erlien (2021-05-25). "Nå skal disse kanonene siktes kjapt inn på fienden ved hjelp av nye radarer". Tu.no (in Norwegian). Teknisk Ukeblad.
- ^ "Forsvarsmateriell med nytt radarkjøp for 460 millioner kroner". 23 November 2022.
- ^ "Saab receives order for weapon locating system" Archived 2011-07-15 at the Wayback Machine, accessed February 28, 2011
- ^ "Arthur Weapon Locating System - In use" Archived July 15, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, "Saab official ARTHUR website. In use", accessed February 28th 2011
- ^ Armed Forces of Ukraine Use British ARTHUR Counter-battery Radar