Morganella morganii

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Morganella morganii
bacteria growth in red on white background
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Enterobacterales
Family: Morganellaceae
Genus: Morganella
Fulton, 1943
Species:
M. morganii
Binomial name
Morganella morganii
Winslow et al., 1919
Fulton, 1943
Brenner et al., 1978[1]
Subspecies

M. m. morganii
M. m. sibonii

Synonyms
  • Proteus morganii
    Winslow et al., 1919
    Yale, 1939    [1]

Morganella morganii is a species of

urinary tract infections.[3]

Historical identification and systematics

Morganella morganii was first described by a British

DNA-DNA hybridization.[5] In 1943, Fulton attempted to define a subspecies, M. m. columbensis.[6] However, in 1962, a review article by Ewing reported that M. columbensis had been re-identified as Escherichia coli, thereby removing that organism from the genus Morganella.[6]

Microbiology

blood agar

Morganella morganii is

flagella at 30 °C (86 °F).[8]

M. morganii is split into two subspecies: M. morganii subsp. morganii and M. morganii subsp. sibonii.[6] M. morganii subsp. sibonii is able to ferment trehalose, whereas subsp. morganii cannot, and this is the primary phenotype used to differentiate them.[6]

M. morganii can produce the enzyme

pyruvate, and ammonia. M. morganii also produces urease, allowing it to break down urea.[9] Methyl red tests positive in M. morganii, an indicator dye that turns red due to the bacterium's acid production during fermentation.[7] Similar bacteria from the closely related Proteus and Providencia genera, M. morganii is able to deaminate tryptophan through the production of tryptophan deaminase (TDA). [citation needed
]

Role of bacteria

Although a rare human pathogen, M. morganii has been reported as a cause of urinary tract infections, nosocomial surgical wound infections,

immunocompromised, diabetic, or elderly, or have at least one serious underlying disease.[citation needed
] M. morganii has been regarded as a normally harmless
bacteremia, in the latter 2 cases with frequent fatal consequences.[11]

In a rare case published in 2003, a patient presented with bilateral necrosis of both upper and lower eyelids. Upon microbial analysis, the areas were shown to have heavy growth of M. morganii.[12]

Treatment and antibiotic resistance

Treatment of M. morganii infections may include:[citation needed]

A study conducted at the

University Hospital at Heraklion, Crete, Greece, showed a 92% success rate in the use of these antibiotics.[13]

However, some M. morganii strains are resistant to penicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, oxacillin, first-generation and second-generation cephalosporins, macrolides, lincosamides, fosfomycin, colistin, and polymyxin B.[3] The emergence of highly resistant strains of M. morganii have been associated with use of third-generation cephalosporins.[3]

Polymicrobial infections are most abundantly caused by this microbe which additionally damages the skin, soft tissues, and

urogenital tract; these can be cured through use of the aforementioned antibiotics.[13]

References

  1. ^ a b UniProt. Morganella morganii (Proteus morganii)
  2. ^ a b eMedicine. Morganella infections
  3. ^ a b c "Morganella infections". Medscape. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
  4. ISSN 0002-9955
    .
  5. PMID 23282187
    .
  6. ^
    PMID 11023955
    .
  7. ^ a b Herrara, Jose. "Morganella morganii". Truman State University Biology. Truman State University. Archived from the original on 13 December 2012. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
  8. ^ "Morganella morganii". University of Windsor. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
  9. PMID 2345135
    .
  10. PMID 1701835. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 4 September 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
  11. PMID 21253351
    .
  12. ^ Shenoy MD; AU Shenoy; AM Rajay; ZH al Mahrooqui (2003). "Necrotic Periorbital Ulceration due to Morganella morganii" (PDF). Asian Journal of Ophthalmology. 1. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
  13. ^
    S2CID 6599259
    .

Further reading

External links

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