Mycena maculata

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Mycena maculata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Mycenaceae
Genus: Mycena
Species:
M. maculata
Binomial name
Mycena maculata
P.Karst.
(1880)
Mycena maculata
View the Mycomorphbox template that generates the following list
Gills on hymenium
Cap is conical
Hymenium is adnate or sinuate
saprotrophic
Edibility is unknown

Mycena maculata, commonly known as the reddish-spotted Mycena, is a species of

saprobic fungus is found in Europe and North America, where it grows in groups or clusters on the rotting wood of both hardwoods and conifers. The edibility of the fungus is unknown. Although the species is known for, and named after its propensity to stain reddish, occasionally these stains do not appear, making it virtually indistinguishable from M. galericulata
.

Taxonomy and naming

The species was first

Petter Karsten in 1890.[1][2] The name Mycena maculata was also used by the Australian mycologist John Burton Cleland in 1934,[3] but that usage was considered illegitimate,[4] and the species he described has since been renamed to Mycena austromaculata by Cheryl Grgurinovic and Tom May in 1997.[5]

The

specific epithet maculata is derived from the Latin word "spotted".[6] The mushroom is commonly known as the "reddish-spotted Mycena".[7]

Description

The whitish gills develop reddish-brown stains as they mature.

The cap of M. maculata varies in shape from broadly conic to convex initially, soon expanding to bell-shaped or broadly convex at maturity; when expanded the cap diameter is typically between 2 and 4 cm (3⁄4 and 1+1⁄2 in).[8] It usually has a distinct umbo, which can be abruptly convex in some individuals and very broad and low in others. The cap margin closely approaches the stem when young, but often flares or curves upward with age. The cap surface is smooth, slimy to the touch, often opaque when young but becomes partially translucent so that the outlines of the gills underneath the cap may be seen nearly to the center, before fading. It is often somewhat wrinkled or has the radial gill grooves deepening with age. It is initially dirty blackish-brown or nearly black, becoming paler dirty brown to brownish-gray with age, and usually with reddish-brown spots.[9] The flesh is somewhat thick under the umbo, but becomes abruptly thinner over the area of the margin (about 0.15 mm). It is cartilaginous and firm, dark or pale watery gray, changing slowly to dirty reddish-brown when cut or bruised. It has no distinguishable odor, and a taste ranging from mild to slightly farinaceous (like flour).[10]

The

gills are bluntly adnate, later becoming toothed and somewhat sinuate. They are narrow, becoming moderately broad (4–5 mm), whitish to pale gray in color, soon staining with reddish spots. Sometimes the gills separate slightly from the cap, but remain attached to each other to form a collar. The gill spacing is close to subdistant, with about 17–24 gills reaching the stem; there are additionally about three tiers of lamellulae (short gills that do not extend fully from the cap margin to the stem). The stem is usually 4–8 cm (1+1⁄2–3+1⁄4 in) long and 2–5 mm (1⁄16–3⁄16 in) thick,[8] occasionally much longer, often with a long pseudorhiza (a cordlike structure resembling a plant root) 1–5 cm (1⁄2–2 in) that can root into the substrate. The stem is densely covered with sharp, stiff white hairs on the lower portion, and smooth above. It is sometimes twisted, nearly equal in width throughout, hollow, and cartilaginous. The top portion of the stem is pallid, while the remainder is the same color or paler than the cap. The stem base becomes stained reddish-brown to purplish, or the entire lower portion turns a dirty wine red.[10] The edibility of the mushroom is unknown.[7]

Edibility: Who knows? Who cares? I don't. Do you? Do you care if I do? I won't if you don't.

David Arora, Mushrooms Demystified

Microscopic characteristics

The spores are white,

bioluminescent;[11] this property has not been reported for the fruit bodies.[12]

Similar species

M. galericulata
M. haematopus

In the absence of the characteristic reddish staining (particularly in young specimens), M. maculata is indistinguishable in the field from

pine cones.[14] M. atrochalybaea, a species known from Italy and Switzerland, has more gills that reach the stem (usually between 30 and 40), smooth hyphae in the cortical layer of the stem, and smooth, uninflated cystidia.[15]

Distribution and habitat

The fruit bodies of M. maculata grow in groups to clumps on the wood and debris of both

deciduous trees.[10] The fungus is found in North America and Europe (Germany[16] and Norway[15]). The North American distribution ranges north from Quebec, Canada,[17] south to Mexico.[18] Mycena specialist Alexander H. Smith, in his 1947 monograph on the genus, called it "the most abundant Mycena on conifer wood in the Pacific Northwest."[10] It has also been recorded as a new species in Turkey (Kahramanmaraş district) in 2006.[19]

See also

References

  1. ^ Karsten P (1889). "Symbolae ad Mycologicam Fennica. Pars XXIX". Meddelanden Af Societatis Pro Fauna et Flora Fennica (in Latin). 15: 89.
  2. ^ "Mycena maculata P. Karst. 1890". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2010-10-14.
  3. ^ Cleland JB. (1976) [1934]. Toadstools and mushrooms and other larger fungi of South Australia. Vol. 1. Adelaide: Gov't Printer. p. 81.
  4. ^ "Mycena maculata Cleland 1934". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2010-10-14.
  5. ISBN 0-7308-0737-1
    .
  6. ISBN 0-919433-47-2
    .
  7. ^
    ISBN 0-89815-169-4
    .
  8. ^
    OCLC 797915861
    .
  9. ^
    ISBN 978-0-88192-935-5
    .
  10. ^ a b c d e Smith, 1947, pp. 341–43.
  11. ^ Treu R, Agerer R (1990). "Culture characteristics of some Mycena species". Mycotaxon. 38: 279–309. Retrieved 2010-10-14.
  12. PMID 17682785
    .
  13. ^ Smith, pp. 338–40.
  14. ^ Wood M, Stevens F. "Mycena maculata". California Fungi. Retrieved 2010-10-14.
  15. ^ a b Aronsen A. "Mycena maculata P. Karst". A key to the Mycenas of Norway. Archived from the original on 2012-10-12. Retrieved 2010-10-14.
  16. JSTOR 3776760
    .
  17. JSTOR 3756366
    .
  18. S2CID 31643216
    .
  19. ISSN 1300-008X
    .

Cited text

  • Smith AH. (1947). North American species of Mycena. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mycena_maculata&oldid=1194770386"