Ngô Đức Kế
Ngô Đức Kế | |
---|---|
Born | 1878 Hà Tĩnh |
Died | 1929 Hà Nội |
Nationality | Vietnamese |
Other names | Tập Xuyên |
Occupation | Journalist |
Organization | Duy Tân Hội |
Movement | Duy Tân Movement |
Ngô Đức Kế (1878–1929), courtesy name Tập Xuyên, was a prominent scholar-gentry Vietnamese anti-colonial intellectual in the early 20th century. He was a key member of Duy Tân Hội as well as its public wing Duy Tân Movement , and served 13 years in Côn Đảo Prison for conspiring to overthrow the French protectorate.[1][2]
Early years
Ngô was born in the village of Trảo Nha in
During this period, he also studied some Vietanamese and Chinese modern learning books that his father sent from Huế, especially Điều trần of Nguyễn Trường Tộ and Thiên hạ đại thế luận of Nguyễn Lộ Trạch .[1] However, Ngô was most influenced by the ideas from books of the Chinese reformists Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, particular in the advocacy of the modernisation of the education system.[3]
Duy Tân Movement
Since early days of the movement, Ngô had contact with Phan Bội Châu, the leading Vietnamese nationalist anti-colonial figure of the time, through their mutual friend Đặng Nguyên Cẩn .[4]: 45 He also was one of the main figures who advocated scholar gentry initiative in the opening of Vietnamese commercial businesses as a means of raising funds and awareness of their cause.[4]: 58–60
In 1907, because of criticizing
: 87–89Later researches point out that Ngô's fundraising activities for Đông Du movement and teaching activities for Tonkin Free School had been monitored by secret polices for a long time. In 1907, both Ngô Đức Kế and Đặng Nguyên Cẩn were arrested, sentenced to death, later reduced to life imprisonment.[7]
Activities in journalism
Ngô was released from prison in 1921 after thirteen years in prison. He took up residence in Hà Nội, where he edited a low scale periodical, the Huu Thanh. Ngô earned a reputation for standing outside his office, observantly watching the vehicles roll past, the students in European dress and the women in high heels. Despite this, he declared that he was in favor of meaningful modern civilisation.[8]
Ngô also derided the way that Vietnamese employees of the French colonial system squabbled among themselves over their personal status and standing. He felt that the attention to hierarchical decorum was excessive and regressive.[9]
Polemic about value of The Tale of Kiều
Ngô advocated the adoption of the Romanised
Works
Poems
- Hỏi Gia Long (Ask Gia Long)[10]
- Đề Thái Nguyên thất nhật quang phục ký (Diary of 7-day Thái Nguyên uprising)[11]
Essays
- Điếu Phan Chu Trinh (Weep for Phan Châu Trinh)[12]
Memory
Most cities in Vietnam, regardless of the political orientation of the government, have named major streets after him.[13]
Notes
- ^ a b c "Ngô Đức Kế - an activist derived from Can Lộc". baohatinh.vn. 2 April 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
- ^ "Anti-tax movement in Nghệ Tĩnh 1908" (PDF). repository.vnu.edu.vn. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
- ^ Marr, p. 91.
- ^ a b "Phan Bội Châu niên biểu". fliphtml5.com. Nhóm nghiên cứu Sử - Địa. Compiled 1971 - Published 1973. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
- ^ Marr, p. 195.
- ^ "Trung kỳ dân biến thỉ mạt ký" (PDF). Phủ Quốc vụ khanh đặc trách văn hóa xuất bản Sài gòn. Compiled 1971 – Published 1973. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
- ^ "Ngô Đức Kế - an activist with the patriotic movement in early 20th century". khxhnvnghean.gov.vn. 18 May 2015. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
- ^ Marr, p. 251.
- ^ a b Marr, p. 252.
- ^ "Ask Gia Long". thivien.net. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
- ^ "7-days diary of Thái Nguyên uprising". thivien.net. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
- ^ "Weep for Phan Châu Trinh". thivien.net. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
- ISBN 0-7946-0070-0.
References
- Marr, David G. (1970). Vietnamese anticolonialism, 1885–1925. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-01813-3.