Orchard Supply Hardware

Orchard Supply Hardware (OSH) was an American retailer of home improvement and gardening products. Headquartered in San Jose, California, Orchard Supply Hardware had dozens of locations throughout California, with expansions into Oregon and Florida.

After starting as a non-profit cooperative in 1931, the company later turned into a for-profit corporation before it was bought and sold by a number of different corporations during the 1980s. In 1996, the company was acquired by Sears. After a brief period as a public company in 2012–13, the company filed for a Chapter 11 reorganization. In 2013, the bulk of OSH's assets and locations were purchased by the home improvement store chain, Lowe's. For the next five years, the chain was operated as a subsidiary of Lowe's and used for strategic expansion of retail operations. All stores were closed in November 2018.^[2][3]

In January 2020, the Memphis-based Central Network Retail Group purchased the OSH brand from Lowe's.^[4]

History

Orchard Supply was formed in 1931 as the Orchard Supply Farmers Co-op by 30 farmers, consisting mostly of

In 1946 the company moved to a site at 720 West San Carlos St. in San Jose.[7] By then, there were almost 2000 members. In 1962, Albert B. Smith (Stanley's son) became president, expanding the business into a chain of stores which, at 25,000 square feet (2,300 m²) each, were considered large at the time.^[8]

By 1950 the electronics industry began booming in the Santa Clara Valley, and with it came an abundance of new home owners in the San Francisco Bay Area. The orchards gradually became residential neighborhoods, and the "Orchard Supply Farmers Co-op" became a for-profit corporation, "Orchard Supply Hardware" retail stores.^[9][10]

In 1977, the company purchased a 19-acre warehouse and office complex from

Corporate acquisitions

Orchard Supply Hardware ceased to be a privately owned company when it and its seven stores were acquired by the conglomerate

W.R. Grace began to sell off its 660-store retail division piecemeal in 1985.[12] OSH and another hardware chain, Home Centers West, were sold to Wickes Companies in May 1986.^[13][14]

Wickes had already owned the Builders Emporium hardware chain. It was restructuring after emerging from bankruptcy under the leadership of turnaround specialist Sanford Sigoloff. Under Wickes ownership, OSH grew to 31 stores in California, and was spun out again April 1989. The $134 million management buyout was led by OSH president Maynard Jenkins and Freeman Spogli & Company.^[15][16]

In March 1993 OSH made an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol ORH.^[17] The same year OSH expanded into Southern California by acquiring several hardware stores from Builders Emporium chain when this former sibling chain went out of business.

OSH was purchased by Sears in 1996 after seven years of independence.^[18] By the end of 2000, OSH had grown to 274 stores.^[19] In 2005, Sears sold a 19.9% interest in the company to Ares Management of Los Angeles for US$58.7 million, announcing expansion plans at the time.^[20][21] Ares had the option to later purchase another 30.2% stake in the company for US$126.8 million, but did not exercise this right. OSH had eighty-four stores at the time.

At roughly the same time,

OSH was spun out of Sears Holdings in 2012 and became a public company.^[23] In January 2012 shares began trading on the Nasdaq stock market (Nasdaq: OSH).

Expansion

In April 2013, OSH expanded beyond California, opening stores in the suburban

On June 17, 2013, Orchard Supply Hardware announced it filed for Chapter 11 under the U.S. bankruptcy code and that most of its assets would be sold to the Lowe's Home Improvement chain for $205M in cash. Lowe's agreed to acquire no fewer than sixty of the (at the time) ninety-one Orchard Supply stores,^[1] operating them separately from Lowe's.^[24] At the close of the process, Orchard Supply remained a separate brand and operating entity from the Lowe's chain.

In August 2013, preparations were made to close seventeen of the ninety-nine stores.^[25] Two of the stores were closed in June as a part of normal operations.^[26][27] This left seventy of the pre-Chapter 11 announcement stores still in operation. According to a company spokesperson, workers at the stores that closed were not eligible for severance pay due to the bankruptcy proceeding, but Orchard Supply is "providing incentive bonuses to key employees."^[25] Lowe's also committed to investing US$200 million in OSH over the next five years.^[28]

In November 2014, the company opened its first location in the city of

Via a technology program launched initially by Lowe's in 2014, OSH announced a pilot program using "robot employees" at their San Jose store at 377 Royal Ave.[30] The devices, called OSHbots, were supplied by a Mountain View company called Fellow Robots. The OSHbots resembled white columns with two large LCD screens and were equipped with 3D cameras, so they could identify items brought in by customers, and had wheels on either side that helped them move. Customers could research items on the screens and then the robot could lead them to the aisle where an item was located. The robots spoke English and Spanish and were connected to an inventory database so they could inform customers if an item was out of stock.^[31][30]

Post-Lowes

On August 22, 2018, Lowe's publicly announced that Orchard Supply Hardware would be closed down nationwide, and would begin liquidation.^[32] It said stores would be closed by the following February, and all had been closed by November.

Outdoor Supply Hardware

In 2019, Central Network Retail Group (CNRG) purchased leases to 7 former OSH locations in the San Francisco Bay Area. New hardware stores in these locations were branded "Outdoor Supply Hardware", and kept a similar appearance and experience as the old OSH stores.^[33] CNRG bought the full "Orchard Supply Hardware" trademark in January 2020.^[34]

Marketing

Boxcar

In the early 1960s, the City of San Jose denied Al Smith permission to install a sign along Auzerais Street to promote his Orchard Supply Hardware store because a sign for the store already existed facing San Carlos Street. Undeterred, Smith bought a railroad boxcar from Southern Pacific, painted the car with the OSH logo, and placed it at the end of the spur track behind his store and alongside Auzerais Street. It remained in that spot for nearly 50 years, and was occasionally featured in OSH's promotional material. Recognizing its historic relationship to the San Jose community, OSH donated the boxcar to the

OSH's calendars have featured the works of twenty-three different artists who have created over 450 unique pieces including railroad artists such as Kotowski, John Winfield,[39]^[40] James R Mann, 2017 Calendar,^[41] and Ken Muramoto; Muramoto has the distinction of being the youngest artist to provide paintings for the calendar.^[37]

References