Pagellus acarne

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Pagellus acarne

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Spariformes
Family: Sparidae
Genus: Pagellus
Species:
P. acarne
Binomial name
Pagellus acarne
(Risso, 1827)
Synonyms[2]
  • Pagrus acarne Risso, 1827

Pagellus acarne, the axillary seabream or Spanish seabream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.

Taxonomy

Pagelles acarne was first formally

zoologist Antoine Risso with its type locality given as Nice on the French Mediterranean coast.[3] The genus Pagellus is placed in the family Sparidae within the order Spariformes by the 5th edition of Fishes of the World.[4] Some authorities classify this genus in the subfamily Pagellinae,[5] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sparidae.[4]

Etymology

Pagellus acarne has the specific name acarne which Risso did not explain, however, Achille Valenciennes, writing in 1830, said that the name had been taken from Pliny the Elder and that Guillaume Rondelet had applied the name to this species "quite arbitrarily" in 1554.[6]

Description

Pagellus acarne has a moderately laterally flattened, fusiform body with a concave dorsal profile to the head above the eyes, a flat space between the eyes and a conical snout. The scales on the crown extend to are past a line equal to the rear edge of the eye. There are scales on the cheeks but the

total length of 36 cm (14 in), although 25 cm (9.8 in) is more typical.[2]

Distribution and habitat

Pagellus acarne is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean from the

demersal species occurs at depths between 0 and 500 m (0 and 1,640 ft), commonest between 40 and 100 m (130 and 330 ft), on a variety of substrates and in seagrass beds.[1]

Biology

Pagellus acarne is a carnivorous species, a study in the Gulf of Tunis found that these fishes preyed on 36 species of prey, mainly crustaceans, molluscs and echinoderms. The diet varied seasonally and adults preyed on a greater variety of prey than juveniles.[8] Another study in the Aegean Sea also found that this species is a carnivore with a varied diet but here copepods, decapods and polychaetes were the most important components of the diet.[9] Off the coast of Egypt the diet of this specuies was dominated by crustaceans, bony fishes and echinoderms with cephalopods and polychaetes being less important components of the diet. Smaller fishes preyed mainly on echinoderms and crustaceans, while fish with lengths between 15 and 18 cm (5.9 and 7.1 in) had diet dominated by shrimp, Squilla mantis shrimp and bony fishes. Fish with length greater than 18 cm (7.1 in) preyed largely on cephalopods, shrimp and bony fishes. The diet varied seasonally here too with crustaceans eaten all year but being more important during the summer while bony fish were the most important prey in autumn and winter. This is thought to be a result of seasonal availability of prey.[10]

The axillary seabream is

protandrous, 50% of males in Oran had reached sexual maturity at a length of 16 cm (6.3 in) while for females this was 12.8 cm (5.0 in). However, at lengths greater than 20.5 cm (8.1 in) females predominated and the overall sex ratio in this study was 1 male for evert 1.27 females, This population spawned twice a year in April to June, with a peak in May, and from November to January, peaking in December.[11] Off southern Portugal spawning took place over a more extensed period, starting in from May and ending in November. Here the lengths at first maturity were 18.1 cm (7.1 in) for males and 17.6 cm (6.9 in) for females.[12]

Fisheries

Pagellus acarne is an important species in commercial fisheries throughout its range. In the

Andalucia, the stocks of axillary seabreams in the Alboran Sea are targeted by multi-species fisheries , both bottom-trawl and artisanal fleets being involved. It is regarded as the most economically important demersal fish in this fishery in terms of both monetary value and volume landed. As well as being sold as a food fish the ctach is also used to make fish meal and fish oil.[1]

References

  1. ^
    doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T170229A1297432.en
    . Retrieved 4 February 2024.
  2. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2023). "Pagellus acarne" in FishBase. October 2023 version.
  3. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Pagellus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
  4. ^
    OL 25909650M
    .
  5. ^ Parenti, P. (2019). "An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Sparidae". FishTaxa. 4 (2): 47–98.
  6. ^ Christopher Scharpf (12 January 2024). "Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 6): Families GERREIDAE, LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
  7. ISBN 978-92-5-109267-5
    .
  8. doi:10.3989/scimar.2009.73n4667
    .
  9. doi:10.3750/AIEP/02454
    .
  10. doi:10.4197/mar.10-1.8
    .
  11. doi:10.21411/CBM.A.D5BB353B
    .
  12. ^ Coelho, Rui; Bentes, Luis; Gonçalves, Jorge; et al. (2005). "Age, growth and reproduction of the axillary seabream, Pagellus acarne (Risso, 1827), from the South coast of Portugal". Thalassas, An International Journal of Marine Sciences. 21: 77–84.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pagellus_acarne&oldid=1206423980"