Periam

Coordinates: 46°3′N 20°52′E / 46.050°N 20.867°E / 46.050; 20.867
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Periam
Commune
The church and statue of John of Nepomuk in Periam
The church and statue of John of Nepomuk in Periam
Coat of arms of Periam
Coat of arms
Location in Timiș County
Location in Timiș County
Periam is located in Romania
Periam
Periam
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 46°3′N 20°52′E / 46.050°N 20.867°E / 46.050; 20.867
CountryRomania
CountyTimiș
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Cornel Dumitraș[1] (PSD)
Area
[2]
64.47 km2 (24.89 sq mi)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[3]
4,196
 • Density65/km2 (170/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code
307315
Vehicle reg.TM
Websiteprimatimperiam.ro

Periam (until 1925 Periamoș;[4] German: Perjamosch; Hungarian: Perjámos; Serbian: Перјамош, romanized: Perjamoš) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Periam, and also included Pesac until it broke off as a separate commune in 2007.

Geography

Periam is located in the northwest of the Banat Plain, in a subdivision of the Mureș Plain called Aranca Plain. It borders Șeitin and Semlac (Arad County) to the north, Satu Mare (Arad County) to the east, Sânpetru Mic to the southeast, Pesac to the south and Sânpetru Mare to the west.

Relief

Aranca Plain as seen from Periam

The relief is determined by the Aranca Plain, which represents a wide cone opening of the Mureș Meadow, starting from Periam to the southwest, i.e. from the 90° bend of the

Mureș, where the Vinga Plain would continue to the northwest with the Nădlac Plain. This plain is the newest and the lowest Mureș plain, on its center meandering Aranca which still has its origin in the Mureș Meadow, at Sânpetru German (south of Pecica). The altitudes in this area stand at 85 m (279 ft), on some ridges rising to 90 m (300 ft).[5]

Hydrography

The hydrographic network is represented by rivers and a system of canals that spread across the commune.

Mureș, arranged on a wide area of digression, before damming. Irrigation systems were also built in its basin near Mureș at Periam, Sânpetru Mare, Sânnicolau Mare and Cenad. It has as a left tributary the Galațca, from Jimbolia Plain, which starts from Periam, an even older course of Mureș and which is generally supplied by pumping. The waters of Aranca are supplied by precipitation, from Mureș and from the drainage of the phreatic waters. Mureș – one of the largest rivers in Romania – flows about 5 km (3.1 mi) north of Periam. It forms the natural border of Periam with Arad County. Its average flow at Nădlac is 191 m3 (6,700 cu ft).[5]

Climate

Periam commune and the surrounding area are located in the temperate climate zone, at approximately equal distance from the equator and pole. Overall, it has a temperate continental climate with Atlantic influences. The air temperature has a uniform surface distribution, with a value of the multiannual average temperature of 10.9 °C (51.6 °F). Atmospheric precipitation varies greatly from year to year, due to cyclonic activity and humid air invasions from the west, northwest and southeast. The annual amounts of atmospheric precipitation are between 267.7 and 699.1 mm (10.54 and 27.52 in). Due to this, there are frequent periods of drought.[5]

Flora and fauna

The flora finds European, Eurasian and Pontic elements, with grassy, halophilous (which has a discontinuous development, being adapted to the regime of salts and high humidity from these lands), aquatic and segetal vegetation present here.[5]

The fauna falls into the Palearctic region, the Pannonian subregion. The region has a Central European fauna, but with many elements of Pontic origin. Rodents, birds and reptiles have a significant share in this area.[5]

History

A

Gheorghe Doja destroyed it. Not much later, Banat being conquered by the Turks, it became a sanjak seat. During the Turkish occupation, it was very depopulated, so that in 1657, according to historical evidence, it had only seven houses.[8]

The modern history of Periam begins after the Austrians conquered

Mureș River, which determined the relocation of the hearth of the village to the present-day location. The old hearth was on the site of the former vineyards. Smaller groups of colonists settled here between 1756–1762, and the last more consistent wave was recorded between 1764–1765. Then came 71 German, French and Czech families from Trier, Nassau-Siegen, Czech lands, Styria, Lorraine and Alsace.[9] In 1766 the construction of the Church of St. John of Nepomuk
was completed, and in 1796 the town hall was built.

In the mid-19th century, the Bishop of Zagreb, Slovak-born Juraj Haulik, founded a separate settlement called Haulikfalva,[10] which would later merge into the hearth of Periam. The Haulik Church in Periam was founded by Bishop Haulik and has been used since 2001 by the Romanian Greek Catholic Church.[11]

Demographics

Ethnic composition (2011)[12]

  Romanians (83.68%)
  Roma (7.39%)
  Germans (2.15%)
  Hungarians (1.58%)
  Unknown (4.11%)
  Others (1.09%)

Religious composition (2011)[13]

  
Baptists
(1.13%)
  Unknown (4.22%)
  Others (1.13%)

Periam had a population of 4,505 inhabitants at the 2011 census, up 0.9% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are

Baptists (1.13%). For 4.22% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[13]

Census[14] Ethnic composition
Year Population Romanians Hungarians Germans Roma Serbs Slovaks
1880 5,496 164 217 4,930 – 70 33
1890 5,953 174 190 5,388 119 51 18
1900 5,612 222 318 4,889 105 67 9
1910 5,348 287 488 4,309 115 98 51
1920 5,193 291 302 4,397 – – –
1930 5,147 454 394 4,047 138 65 18
1941 5,050 568 390 3,823 – – –
1956 5,264 – – – – – –
1966 5,513 3,365 232 1,768 96 30 7
1977 5,500 3,806 205 1,431 19 25 6
1992 4,589 3,918 141 289 192 29 3
2002 4,464 3,915 122 160 202 37 4
2011 4,505 3,770 71 97 333 30 –

Notable people

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Periam, Timiș.
  1. ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
  2. ^ "Primăria Periam". Ghidul Primăriilor.
  3. ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  4. ^ "Lege nr. 95 din 13 iunie 1925 pentru Unificarea Administrativă". Portal Legislativ.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Date geografice". Primăria comunei Periam.
  6. ^ Colban, Cassian (2018). "Contribuții la repertoriul arheologic al comunei Periam". ArheoVest. 6. Szeged: JATE Press: 475–500.
  7. ^ Szabó, M. Attila (2003). Erdély, Bánság és Partium történeti és közigazgatási helységnévtára. Miercurea Ciuc: Pro-Print Kiadó.
  8. ISBN 973-7608-65-8
    .
  9. ISBN 3-922979-63-7
    .
  10. ^ Diós, István; Viczián, János, eds. (1998). "Haulikfalva". Magyar katolikus lexikon. Vol. IV. Budapest: Szent István Társulat.
  11. ^ Both, Ștefan (23 November 2015). "Povestea bisericii „Haulik" de la Periam. Are a doua cupolă ca mărime după Ateneul Român. Arhitectul s-a sinucis în ziua în care s-a sfințit lăcașul de cult". Adevărul.
  12. ^ a b "Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică.
  13. ^ a b "Tab13. Populația stabilă după religie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică.
  14. ^ Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF).
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