White-backed woodpecker

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Picoides leucotos
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White-backed woodpecker
Photo of a male woodpecker
Male
Drawing of a pair of woodpeckers
Female

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Piciformes
Family: Picidae
Genus: Dendrocopos
Species:
D. leucotos
Binomial name
Dendrocopos leucotos
(Bechstein, 1802)
White-backed Woodpecker range[2]
White-backed Woodpecker range in Europe and western Asia[2]

The white-backed woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos) is a Eurasian woodpecker belonging to the genus Dendrocopos.

Taxonomy

The white-backed woodpecker was

type locality is Silesia, a historical region mainly located in Poland.[5] The species is now placed in the genus Dendrocopos that was introduced by the German naturalist Carl Ludwig Koch in 1816.[6][7]

Twelve subspecies are recognised.[7]

  • D. l. leucotos (Bechstein, 1802) – widespread across Eurasia from north, central and eastern Europe to northeast Asia, Korea and Sakhalin
  • D. l. uralensis (Malherbe, 1860) – west Ural Mountains to Lake Baikal
  • D. l. lilfordi (Sharpe & Dresser, 1871) – Pyrenees to Asia Minor, Caucasus and Transcaucasia
  • D. l. tangi Cheng, 1956 – Sichuan province, western China
  • D. l. subcirris (Stejneger, 1886) – Hokkaido, northern Japan
  • D. l. stejnegeri (
    Honshū
    , Japan
  • D. l. namiyei (Stejneger, 1886) – south Honshū, Kyushu, Shikoku (Japan)
  • D. l. takahashii (Kuroda & Mori, 1920) – Ulleungdo Island (off eastern Korea)
  • D. l. quelpartensis (Kuroda & Mori, 1918) – Jeju Island (off South Korea)
  • D. l. owstoni (Ogawa, 1905) – Amami Ōshima Island in the northern Ryukyu Islands, Japan
  • D. l. fohkiensis (Buturlin, 1908) – mountains of Fujian province, southeast China
  • D. l. insularis (Gould, 1863) – Taiwan

The subspecies D. l. owstoni is sometimes considered a distinct species, the Amami woodpecker.[8]

Description

It is the largest of the spotted woodpeckers in the

western Palearctic, 24–26 cm long with wing-span 38–40 cm. The plumage is similar to the great spotted woodpecker, but with white bars across the wings rather than spots, and a white lower back. The male has a red crown, the female a black one.[9]
Drumming by males is very loud, calls include a soft kiuk and a longer kweek.

Distribution

The nominate race D. l. leucotos occurs in central and northern

Biodiversity Action Plan.[10]

Ecology

In the breeding season it excavates a nest hole about 7 cm wide and 30 cm deep in a decaying tree trunk. It lays three to five white

eggs and incubates for 10–11 days. It lives predominantly on wood-boring beetles as well as their larvae, as well as other insects
, nuts, seeds and berries.

Life Span

In the wild the white-backed Woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos) can survive between three and four years, while in captivity they can survive for approximately eleven years.[11]

References

  1. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22727124A181844246.en
    . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b BirdLife International and NatureServe (2014) Bird Species Distribution Maps of the World. 2014. Dendrocopos leucotos. In: IUCN 2014. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. http://www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 27 May 2015.
  3. ^ Bechstein, Johann Matthäus (1802). Ornithologisches Taschenbuch von und für Deutschland, oder, Kurze Beschreibung aller Vögel Deutschlands für Liebhaber dieses Theils der Naturgeschichte (in German). Leipzig: Carl Friedrich Enoch Richter. p. 66.
  4. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4
    .
  5. ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1948). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 6. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 189.
  6. ^ Koch, C.L. (1816). System der baierischen Zoologie (in German). Vol. 1. Nürnberg: Stein. pp. xxvii, 72.
  7. ^
    Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (2020). "Woodpeckers"
    . IOC World Bird List Version 10.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  8. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22727132A94941890.en
    . Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  9. ISBN 0-19-854099-X
    .
  10. ^ National Biodiversity Action Plan of Sweden, Upsala (1999)
  11. ISBN 0198575076
    .

Further reading

External links
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