Po Nagar

Coordinates: 12°15′55″N 109°11′44″E / 12.26528°N 109.19556°E / 12.26528; 109.19556
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Po Nagar
Khanh Hoa
DeityYan Po Nagar
Location
LocationNha Trang
CountryVietnam
Po Nagar is located in Vietnam
Po Nagar
Location in Vietnam
Geographic coordinates12°15′55″N 109°11′44″E / 12.26528°N 109.19556°E / 12.26528; 109.19556
Architecture
TypeChampa
Completedmid-10th to 13th century[1]

Po Nagar is a

mahayana buddhist goddesses Bhagavati and Hariti, and who in Vietnamese is called Thiên Y Thánh Mẫu
.

History

A

linga.[2]: 91  Though the king had chased the robbers out to sea, the treasure had been lost forever. The steles also indicate that the king restored the linga in 784.[3][4]
: 48 

The Cham military leader Senapati Par, under the reign of Harivarman I, made endowments in 817. Senapati made attacks on the Khmers under Jayavarman II. Harivarman I was succeeded by his son, Vikrantavarman III, who also made endowments.[2]: 104 

A

Shivalinga and a Shrishana Vishnu in 1141 and another donation in 1143.[4]: 75  In 1160, Jaya Harivarman I "offered rich gifts".[4]: 77  An inscription states Jayavarman VII of the Khmer Empire, "took the capital of Champa and carried of all the lingas."[2]: 170  Later steles indicate the celebration of a cult in honor of the goddess Yan Po Nagar, as well as the presence of statues dedicated to the principal deities of Buddhism.[5]

In the 17th century, the Vietnamese people occupied Champa and took over the temple tower, calling it Thiên Y Thánh Mâu Tower.[6] A number of Vietnamese legends regarding the goddess and the tower have come into being.

Site

The towers of Po Nagar are located on a hill.

The Po Nagar complex is situated on Cù Lao Mountain. It consists of three levels, the highest of which encompasses two rows of towers. The main tower is about 25 m high.[7]

Durga, the slayer of the buffalo-demon, is represented on the pediment above the entrance to the temple.

The temple's central image is a 1.2m tall stone statue of the goddess Yan Po Nagar sitting cross-legged, dressed only in a skirt, with ten hands holding various symbolic items. According to Vietnamese scholar Ngô Vǎn Doanh, these attributes show that Yan Po Nagar was identified also with the

Mahishasuramardini or Durga, the slayer of the buffalo-demon. Another sculpture of the goddess Mahishasuramardini may be found in the pediment above the entrance to the temple: it depicts the four-armed goddess holding a hatchet, a lotus and a club, and standing on a buffalo.[8] This sculpture belongs to the Tra Kieu style of Cham art from the end of the 10th century or the beginning of the 11th century.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ estimates by Trần Kỳ Phương (Tran 2009, 182)
  2. ^
    ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1
    .
  3. ^ Ngô Vǎn Doanh, Champa: Ancient Towers, p.192.
  4. ^
    ISBN 9789747534993
  5. ^ Ngô Vǎn Doanh, Champa: Ancient Towers, p.192 f.
  6. ^ Ngô Vǎn Doanh, Champa: Ancient Towers, p.198.
  7. ^ Ngô Vǎn Doanh, Champa: Ancient Towers, p.209 ff.
  8. ^ Ngô Vǎn Doanh, Champa: Ancient Towers, p.194 f., 212 f.
  9. ^ Ngô Vǎn Doanh, Champa: Ancient Towers, p.215.
Bibliography
  • Coedès, George, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. Honolulu: East-West Center Press, 1968.
  • Ngô Vǎn Doanh, Champa: Ancient Towers. Hanoi: The Gioi Publishers, 2006. Chapter 14: "Po Nagar Tower: The Temple of the Goddess of the Country," pp. 187 ff.
  • Trần Kỳ Phương (2009): The Architecture of the Temple-Towers of Ancient Champa. in Hardy, Andrew et al. (ed): Champa and the Archaeology of Mỹ Sơn (Vietnam). NUS Press, Singapore

External links

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