Prunus speciosa

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Prunus speciosa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Prunus
Subgenus: Prunus subg. Cerasus
Section: P. sect. Cerasus
Species:
P. speciosa
Binomial name
Prunus speciosa
(
Koidz.) Ingram
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Cerasus speciosa (Koidz.) H.Ohba
    • Prunus fimbriisepala Nakai
    • Prunus idzuensis Nakai
    • Prunus occultans Nakai
    • Prunus speciosa (Koidz.) Nakai

Prunus speciosa, the Oshima cherry, Japanese オオシマザクラ (Oshima zakura), is native to

Honshū near Tokyo, Japan.[2][3]

Description

Prunus speciosa is a deciduous tree typically 4–12 metres (13–39 ft) high. The leaves are 5–10 cm long and 3–6 cm broad, with a double-toothed margin, and an acuminate apex.

The

hermaphroditic. The fruit is a small black cherry about 1 cm diameter.[4][5][6]

A tree 8 m in circumference and 800 years old is known on Ōshima island. It has been designated a national treasure.[7]

  • Prunus speciosa in the Jardin des Plantes of Paris April 2013.
    Prunus speciosa in the Jardin des Plantes of Paris April 2013.
  • Prunus speciosa in the Jardin des Plantes of Paris April 2013.
    Prunus speciosa in the Jardin des Plantes of Paris April 2013.
  • Prunus speciosa in the Jardin des Plantes de Paris April 2013.
    Prunus speciosa in the Jardin des Plantes de Paris April 2013.
  • Prunus speciosa in the Shinjuku Gyoen.
    Prunus speciosa in the
    Shinjuku Gyoen
    .

Cultivation and cultivar

Yoshino cherry
. Yoshino cherry (left) and Oshima cherry (right)

The Oshima cherry, is widely cultivated as an

ornamental tree
. Because of its large, showy flowers it is planted in many gardens and parks. It prefers sun and moist but well draining soil.

There are many

Kanto region increased during the medieval Kamakura period, Oshima cherry, which was originally from Izu Ōshima Island, was brought to Honshu and started to be cultivated there, and then brought to the capital, Kyoto. In the Muromachi period, Prunus lannesiana 'Albo-rosea' Makino (Fugenzou) and Prunus serrulata 'Mikurumakaisi' (Mikuruma gaeshi) derived from Oshima cherry were born, and in the Edo period, various kinds of Cerasus Sato-zakura Group such as ‘Kanzan’ were born, and many cultivars have been succeeded until now.[8]

Oshima cherry is a paternal species of

Yoshino cherry.[9][10]

Food

The fruit is also edible. The flowers when dried are used to make tea. The leaves (sakura leaf or cherry leaf) are used in cooking and medicine to make 'cherry tree rice cake',[11] but P. speciosa is not the only sakura leaf.[12]

Classification

The plant was first described by Gen'ichi Koidzumi as Prunus jamasakura var. speciosa, and later treated as a separate species by

Latin
means "the beautiful", a name which must apply to the blossoming tree.

See also

References

  1. ^ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved January 27, 2014.
  2. ^ "Prunus speciosa". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  3. ^
    ISBN 0-7195-2427-X
    .
  4. ISBN 0-333-47494-5
    .
  5. ISBN 0-00-220013-9
    .
  6. ISBN 0-88192-520-9
    .
  7. ISBN 0-88192-650-7
    .
  8. ISBN 978-4004315346
  9. doi:10.2503/jjshs.75.72
    . Retrieved 2011-04-06.
  10. ^ Online Resource 5. Inferences, from morphological classification and STRUCTURE analysis, on the origins of Japanese flowering cherry cultivars p.7 ‘Yedoensis’/染井吉野 (Cer194) 、STRUCTURE analysis (K = 11)、 Tree Genetics & Genomes Volume 10, Issue 3(2014), pp 477-487、30 Jan. 2014、Supplementary Material (5) 11295_2014_697_MOESM5_ESM.pdf (318KB)
  11. ^ a b Tree pictorial book by Kanon: Prunus lannesiana var. speciosa (in Japanese) Google translation
  12. ^ "Prunus speciosa in Flora of North America @". Efloras.org. Retrieved 2022-05-01.
  13. ^ Plants for a Future Database: Prunus lannesiana

External links

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