Rosales

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other uses, see Rosales (disambiguation).

Rosales
Temporal range: Cenomanian - recent[1]
Two rose plants,
Rosa cinnamomea L. and R. rubiginosa L.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Clade:
Fabids
Order: Rosales
Bercht. & J.Presl[2]
Families

Barbeyaceae

Cannabaceae (hemp family)
Dirachmaceae

Russian olive
family)
mulberry
 family)
buckthorn
 family)
Rosaceae (rose family)
Ulmaceae (elm family)
Urticaceae (nettle family)

Synonyms

Rhamnales
Rosanae
Urticales[3]

Rosales (

genera. Rosales comprise nine families, the type family being the rose family, Rosaceae. The largest of these families are Rosaceae (91/4828) and Urticaceae (53/2625). The order Rosales is divided into three clades that have never been assigned a taxonomic rank. The basal clade consists of the family Rosaceae; another clade consists of four families, including Rhamnaceae; and the third clade consists of the four urticalean families.[7]

The order Rosales is strongly

molecular phylogenetic study based on two nuclear genes and ten chloroplast genes.[9]

Well-known members of Rosales include: roses, strawberries, blackberries and raspberries, apples and pears, plums, peaches and apricots, almonds, rowan and hawthorn, jujube, elms, banyans, figs, mulberries, breadfruit, nettles, hops, and cannabis.

Taxonomy

In the classification system of

polyphyletic. It consisted of the family Rosaceae and 23 other families that are now placed in various other orders.[10] These families and their placement in the APG III system are:[2]

Phylogeny

The following

cladistic analysis of DNA that was published in 2011.[9]

Rosales

Rosaceae

Rhamnaceae

Elaeagnaceae

Barbeyaceae

Dirachmaceae

 urticalean rosids  

Distribution

Different plants that fall under the order Rosales grow in many different parts of the world. They can be found in the mountains, the tropics and the arctic. Even though you can find a member of the order Rosales nearly anywhere, the specific families grow in different specific geographical locations.[11] Wind-pollination is the way that the majority of the families that fall under the order Rosales (including Moraceae, Ulmaceae, and Urticaceae etc.) pollinate.[12]

Importance

Within the order Rosales is the family Rosaceae, which includes numerous species that are cultivated for their fruit, making this one of the most economically important families of plants. Fruit produced by members of this family include apples, pears, plums, peaches, cherries, almonds, strawberries, blackberries and raspberries. Many ornamental species of plant are also in the family Rosaceae, including the rose after which the family and order were named. The rose, considered a symbol of love in many cultures, is featured prominently in poetry and literature.[11] Modern garden varieties of roses such as hybrid teas, floribunda, and grandifora, originated from complex hybrids of several separate wild species native to different regions of Eurasia.

The

breadfruits, and the leaves of the mulberry provide food for the silkworms used in commercial silk production.[11][12]

The wood from the black cherry (Prunus serotina) and sweet cherry (P. avium) is used to make high quality furniture due to its color and ability to be bent.[11] The Cannabis plant has been highly prized for millennia for its hemp, which has numerous uses. Other varieties of Cannabis are grown as a drug.

Plants in the order Rosales were used in the traditional

ficin, which is effective in killing roundworms that infect the intestinal tracts of animals.[11]

References

  1. ^ "Rosales". www.mobot.org. Retrieved 2023-06-16.
  2. ^
    hdl:10654/18083
    .
  3. ^ UniProt. "Order Rosales". Retrieved 2008-04-24.
  4. ^ "Rosales". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary.
  5. ^ Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). "Rosales". At: Trees At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see External links below)
  6. PMID 19223592
  7. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000404
  8. ISBN 978-0-87893-407-2
  9. ^
    PMID 21540119
    .
  10. ISBN 978-0-231-03880-5
  11. ^ a b c d e "Rosales | plant order". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2018-10-22.
  12. ^
    doi:10.1036/1097-8542.593700. Retrieved 2018-10-22.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )

External links
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