Quercus pyrenaica
Pyrenean oak | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Fagales |
Family: | Fagaceae |
Genus: | Quercus |
Subgenus: | Quercus subg. Quercus |
Section: | Quercus sect. Quercus
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Species: | Q. pyrenaica
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Binomial name | |
Quercus pyrenaica Willd. | |
Distribution map | |
Synonyms [2] | |
List
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Quercus pyrenaica, also known as Pyrenean oak,
It is placed in
The oak is cultivated as an
Description
Quercus pyrenaica is a tall
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Seedling
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Leaves and acorns
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Habitat
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Quercus pyrenaica in winter
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Bark texture
Distribution and habitat
Quercus pyrenaica is native to the Iberian Peninsula and parts of southwest France and northern Morocco inhabiting mainly subatlantic or continental environments up to 2,100 m (6,900 ft) in elevation.[8] In the Iberian Peninsula, which represents 95% of its population,[1] it occupies mainly the northern portion, south of the Cantabrian Mountains, very common in the west of the Peninsula in the northern half of mountainous Portugal,[6] and rare on the east[8] It is adapted both to sub-humid temperate and Mediterranean semi-arid conditions, from the humid Peneda-Gerês National Park in Portugal, to the semi-arid Spanish central plain. It is also adapted to survive in hot local temperatures. It is thought to have a short growth season to avoid the summer drought.[1] It is often the dominant species in the forests in which it occurs.[7] Its acorns are dispersed by birds and small mammals.[7]
Threats
The species is currently threatened by wild fire which encourage the growth of other oak species that Q. pyrenaica is unable to compete with, and insect pathogens such as green oak leaf roller moth (Tortrix viridana), the gipsy moth (Lymantria dispar) and brown-tail moth (Euproctis chrysorrhoea); these threats may become of greater concern due to the impact of climate change.[1]
Historically the species experienced decline due to charcoal and timber industry, and forestry activities still pose some threat to Q. pyrenaica but on a much reduced scale.[1]
References
- ^ . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ "Quercus pyrenaica Willd.". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
- ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ^ "Ageing in Spanish Oak". Bodegas LAN. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
- . Retrieved 2023-02-17.
- ^ a b "Quercus pyrenaica Willd". Flora-on. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
- ^ a b c Harvey-Brown, Y. (2017). "Quercus pyrenaica in Europe". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T78972170A80570544. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
- ^ a b c "Quercus pyrenaica" (PDF). Flora Iberica. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
External links
- Media related to Quercus pyrenaica at Wikimedia Commons