Railway electrification in Australia
Electrification of Australian railways began with the Melbourne and Sydney suburban lines. Melbourne suburban lines were electrified from 1919 using 1,500 V DC. Sydney suburban lines were electrified from 1926 using the same system.
Later Australian systems used
Electrification systems
Electrification of Melbourne routes was considered as far back as 1896, and in 1903 and 1907. In 1908, British engineer
Electrification of the Sydney network had been recommended by a Royal Commission in 1909, and in the Bradfield plan of 1915. John Bradfield recommended using 1,500 V DC, and this was supported by a conference of Railway Commissioners in 1922 who were anxious to avoid a repeat of the different track gauges used in each state. By this time, the 1,500 V DC system was used on railways in England, the Netherlands, France and America. [3] The same system was also recommended for the Brisbane suburban system in 1947-1950, although this proposal was abandoned in 1959.[4]
In the 1950s with the standardisation of Australian industrial power generation at 50 Hz, Melbourne substations were converted to 50 Hz within the life of the 25 Hz power station at Newport (originally of 60 MW (80,000 hp) output). In Sydney, the substations were converted between 1960 and 1963.[5]
New South Wales
Rail electrification in Sydney commenced in 1926 (see Sydney electrification). From 1956, regional lines, to a radius of approximately 160 km (99 mi) around Sydney, were progressively electrified. The entire Sydney metropolitan area, and the intercity lines to Kiama (south), Lithgow (west) and Newcastle (north) are electrified, and services are provided by EMU trainsets.
The heavy rail lines are powered by 1,500 V DC, while the light rail lines use 750 V DC. The former Sydney tram system used 600 V DC. The defunct single-loop Sydney Monorail, which operated between 1988 and 2013, used 500 V AC, provided by a third rail.
Queensland
Queensland has the most extensive electrification in Australia. It includes the entire Brisbane metropolitan area, the North Coast Line to Rockhampton and the central Queensland coalfields.
Electrification for the heavy rail lines is at 25 kV 50 Hz AC, while the G:link is at 750 V DC, the Sea World Monorail System was at 500 V AC via third rail, and the previous Brisbane tram network was at 600 V DC via overhead wire.
South Australia
Rail electrification in South Australia did not become a reality until the 21st century. Plans were announced in 2008 to have all four suburban lines electrified by 2018, but were delayed and later scrapped. The
Electrification for the heavy rail lines is at 25 kV 50 Hz AC, while that for the tram routes is at 600 V DC.
Victoria
Australia's first rail electrification was opened in Melbourne in 1919. Electrification is limited to the Melbourne metropolitan area. Previous electrification to Traralgon (opened 1956) was removed in 1987.[9] Electrification was subsequently truncated to Pakenham in Melbourne south east.
Electrification for the heavy rail lines is at 1,500 V DC, while that for the tram lines is at 600 V DC.
Western Australia
The first line in
Electrification is at 25 kV 50 Hz AC.
The defunct tram network in Perth was electrified at 600 V DC
Australian Capital Territory
Canberra currently only has one electrified light railway, opening in 2019 with 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) of track with traction from a 750V DC sourced from an overhead catenary. The ACT never previously had electrified rail.
See also
Footnotes
- ^ IEC 60850:2000 - "Railway Applications. Supply voltages of traction systems"
- ^ Churchman 1995, pp. 45, 46.
- ^ Churchman 1995, pp. 80, 81.
- ^ Churchman 1995, pp. 131, 132.
- ^ Churchman 1995, pp. 48, 52.
- ^ Lia Harris (23 February 2014). "First electric train on Seaford line rolls into the Adelaide train station". The Advertiser. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
- ^ Probert, Oliver (22 January 2018). "$615m Gawler electrification deal signed". Rail Express. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
- ^ Carter, Mark (13 June 2022). "South Australia's troubled Gawler Line electrification project finally completed". Rail Journal. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
- ^ "Infrastructure: Traralgon". VicSig. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
References
- Churchman, Geoffrey B. (1995). Railway Electrification in Australia and New Zealand. Wellington & Sydney: IPL Books. ISBN 0-908876-79-3.