Righteous Army Command
Righteous Army Command | |
---|---|
의군부 義軍府 | |
President | Lee Beom-yoon (1919) Yu In-seok (1923) |
Dates of operation | 1919-1924 |
Country | Korea |
Allegiance | Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea Korean Unification Government (1922-1923) |
Headquarters | Myeongwol-gu, Yanji County, Manchuria (1922) Daehwang-gu, Hwanin-hyeon, Manchuria (1923) |
Ideology | Korean independence movement Conservatism Monarchism |
Size | 200 |
Opponents | Empire of Japan |
Righteous Army Command | |
Hangul | 의군부 |
---|---|
Hanja | 義軍府 |
Revised Romanization | Uigunbu |
McCune–Reischauer | Uigunbu |
The Righteous Army Command (
Background
Late
In 1907, the
Following the March 1st Movement in 1919, the March 13th Anti-Japanese Movement developed in
History
The
At a joint meeting held in March 1920 as the National Assembly in Hamatang (蛤螞塘) for the union of representatives of each group, organizations such as the National Assembly declared that they would form the
The Righteous Army Command led by Lee Heo-eun, Go Pyeong and others were active in the alliance and conducted joint operations with the
In August 1920, due to an attack by the Chinese army, instructed by the Japanese police, about 150 members of the Gamsam Corps under the command of Go Pyeong inevitably fought, resulting in heavy losses on both sides. Accordingly, the Righteous Army Command mobilized Choi Woo-ik's three companies and combined with Gopyeong's army, achieving great results, but resulting in 13 casualties, including Choi Woo-ik, Lee Eul, and Kang Do-cheon.[1]
Afterwards, the Righteous Army Command units, which had been conducting military activities independently of each other, joined forces to strengthen the interior, participated in the Battle of Eorangchon (漁郎村戰鬪) during the
During the Japanese army's Gando Massacre in October 1920, numerous people were massacred in the Uiran-gu district as a result of four to five rounds of subjugation by the Japanese army. At this time, 13 people of the military branch, including general secretary Choi Woo-ik and secretary Lee Eul, Go Seong-chon committed suicide on the mountain behind. About 40 people, including Chief of Staff Park Jae-nul and Company Commander Kim Do-sam, retreated from Bongjeon-dong, Uiran-gu to Sobaekcho-gu, Wangcheong-hyeon. The main force led by Lee Heo Eun led the Gopyeong and the others military branch retreated to the Misan area, where it was incorporated into the Korean Independence Corps and withdrew to Russia.
Seo Il, Hong Beom-do, and others organized the
Joining the Korean Unification Government
When the
Conflict with the Republicans
A disagreement between Jeon Deok-won and Yang Gi-tak (梁起鐸) surfaced. Jeon Deok-won was a former military commander under Choe Ik-hyeon and played an active role as an executive of the Korean Independence Corps, while Yang Gi-tak was a leading figure of the Patriotic Enlightenment Movement and developed a unification movement for the independence army groups in southern Manchuria after coming to Manchuria at the end of 1920. The difference in personality between the two people and the relative weakening trend of monarchism faction that emerged with the formation of Korean Unification Government soon led to their downfall. That is, on October 14, 1922, an incident occurred in which about 20 volunteer soldiers affiliated with Jeon Deok-won attacked Yang Gi-tak and his party in Gwanjeon-hyeon. In this incident, Kim Chang-ui (金昌義), director of the propaganda department of the Korean Unification Government, was killed on the spot, and executives including Yang Ki-tak, Hyeon Jeong- gyeong, Kim Gwan-seong (金寬成), Hwang Dong -ho (黃東湖), and Ko Hal-shin (高轄信) were arrested and detained. Afterwards, the conflict between the monarchist faction and the republican faction within Korean Unification Government escalated further, leading to a skirmish in late December, and large-scale bloodshed in the Hongmyoja area of Honggyeong-hyeon in January 1923. The 5th company commander Kim Myeong-bong (金鳴鳳) and the unit commander Cho Tae-hyeon (趙泰賢) were murdered on suspicion of treason against the Korean Unification Government, and an unfortunate incident occurred in which the 5th company's weapons were forcibly confiscated by another company.[2]
Autonomy
In January 1923, Jeon Deok-won, Chae Sang-deok, Kim Pyeong- sik, Oh Seok -yeong, Park Dae-ho, and other members of the monarchist faction withdrew from the Korean Unification Government and reformed the Righteous Army Command as the Korean Righteous Army Command (Daehanuigunbu (大韓義軍府) in Daehwang-gu, Hwanin-hyeon. In February 1923, even after the separation, the confrontation and internal division between the Korean Unification Government and the Korean Righteous Army Command continued.
Organization
This organization consisted of a military-administrative organization and an armed forces organization.[5] This dual organization of the Righteous Army Command allowed the independent military units to operate individually. The organization was divided into a headquarters which was based in Myeongwol-gu, Yanji County, Manchuria, and a central division, and the area of activity was expanded to Hwaryong, Wangcheong, and Honchun where Donations from Korean residents funded it.[1] Around February 1923, the Righteous Army Command organized by military and civilian representatives in Hwanin-hyeon, Manchuria, with the purpose of destroying domestic Japanese institutions.[2]
Ideology
Although they were anti-Japanese, they used the
Executives
The executives of the Righteous Army Command were President Lee Beom-yoon, Commander-in-Chief Kim Hyeon-gyu, Chief of Staff Jin Jin-shin, General Affairs Director Choi Woo-ik, Military Department Director Kim Cheong-bong, Foreign Affairs Director Shin Rip, Communications Department Director Ji Ji-gang, Central Staff Chief Go Pyeong, and Secretary General. Deputy Director Lee Eul, Finance Director Kim Jong-heon, Foreign Minister Kim Jong-hwan, Communications Director Park Jae, Military Court Chief Heo Seung-wan, Military Police Commander Choi Sang-un, and Military Director Kang Mun-ju.[1][5]
Military
Many were former Righteous armies. They carried out active activities such as attacking the Japanese invasion agencies through domestic campaigns with abundant practical combat experience. The armed group is headed by a battalion leader, Lee Heo Eun, Unit Commander Kang Chang-dae (姜昌大), Chief of Staff Park Jae-nul (朴載訥), Chief of Staff Go Pyeong (高平), Treasurer Kang Yeong-chan (姜永贊), Military Police Commander Choi Sang-un (崔相云), and Military Discipline Director Kang Mun-ju (姜文柱).[5] The number of troops was about 200 people. The 180 people led by Lee Heo Eun were organized into the 1st Battalion of the Korean Northern Army Command. The military branch headquarters is based in a remote location, Buk-gu, Yeonhwa-dong, Wangwu-gu, Uiran-hyang, Yanji County, Goseongchon.
They focused on armed activities and were organized into a more straightforward organization in consideration of mobility. They also raise military funds in the Yeongdoje area. At one time, they were under the jurisdiction of the Korean Unification Government. Kim Cheong-bong (金淸鳳), Kim Hyeon-gyu (金鉉圭), and others took the lead and organized it in April of that year.
Dissolution
As republicanism emerged as a mainstream trend throughout China and socialism spread through the Russian Revolution, their influence waned. The division was gradually overwhelmed by the Korean Unification Government, and even some of the remaining forces were integrated and absorbed into the Righteous Government and the Korean People's Association in Manchuria.[1]
See also
- Korean Independence Movement
- Korean Unification Government
- Monarchism
- Righteous armies
- Righteous Government
- Korean People's Association in Manchuria
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "의군부 (義軍府)" (in Korean). Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
- ^ a b c d e "History of the Korean Independence Movement" (in Korean). Korean History Database of the National Institute of Korean History.
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(help) - ^ "참의부" (in Korean). National Institute of Korean History. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
- ^ a b "일시 침체된 독립군 조직을 통합하여 다시 일으키다" (in Korean). National Institute of Korean History. Retrieved 2023-10-06.
- ^ a b c "의군부" (in Korean). Encyclopedia of Overseas Korean Culture. Retrieved 2023-10-07.