Roads in Kerala
Features
Kerala has 331,904 kilometres (206,236 mi) of roads, which accounts for 5.6% of India's total.
Distribution of roads
Agency-wise by distribution[8]
Sl. No. | Name of Department/Agency | Length (KM) | Percentage |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Panchayats | 265421.120 | 80.00 |
2 | PWD (R&B) | 31811.601 | 9.6 |
3 | Municipalities | 18411.870 | 2.0 |
4 | Corporation | 6644 | 4.381 |
5 | Forests | 4575.770 | 1.5 |
6 | Irrigation | 2611.900 | 0.79 |
7 | National Highways† | 1568.0 | 0.47 |
8 | Others (Railways,KSEB) | 328 | 0.09 |
Total | 331372.261 | 100 |
†
National highways
Kerala has eight National Highways which run for about 1811.52 km. Kerala has narrower National Highways compared to other parts of India. Kerala is the only state, other than Goa, which has requested for narrower highways in the state.
Government has taken steps to develop the
Six-laning of National Highways in Kerala
Kerala's first six lane National Highway is the NH 544 stretch between Thrissur and Vadakkencherry. Kerala's first and biggest six lane tunnel highway is also on this stretch at Kuthiran. It is the part of Kochi -Thrissur-Palakkad- Walayar stretch of NH 544.
Bharatmala Pariyojana has identified 418 km of national highway and State highway stretches in Kerala. Keeping in view a futuristic approach, it has been decided that the land for any 4/6-lane highway road will be acquired with a right of way (RoW) of 60 m irrespective of the width of the carriageway.[12]
Kerala has not been allocated Greenfield 8-lane access-controlled expressways like other south Indian states as part of Bharatmala Pariyojana, as many brownfield projects of NHDP projects have still not started.
The
S.No. | New NH No. | NHDP Phase | Agency | OSM Relation | Route | Length (km.) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | NH 66 | NHDP –Phase-III
|
NHAI | 5828181 | Thalappady-Kannur-Kozhikode-Ernakulam-Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram-Parassala | 669.437 |
2 | NH 544 | NHDP –Phase-II
|
NHAI | 5804290 | Walayar-Thrissur-Ernakulam | 160 |
3 | NH 85 | NHDP–Phase-IV[14]
|
Kerala PWD | 5830968 | Bodimettu - Kundannoor, Ernakulam | 167.61 |
4 | NH 183 | NHDP –Phase-IV
|
Kerala PWD | 11548489 | 190.3 | |
5 | NH 183A | New NH | Kerala PWD | 5830954 | Kollam Titanium Jn.-Sasthamkotta-Pathanamthitta-Perunad-Gavi-Vandiperiyar | 145 |
6 | NH 185 | New NH | Kerala PWD | 5830973 | NH 183
|
98 |
7 | NH 744
|
NHDP –Phase-IV
|
Kerala PWD | 5804338 | Kollam - Punalur -Aryankavu | 81.28 |
8 | NH 766
|
NHDP –Phase-IV
|
Kerala PWD | 5828352 | Muthanga
|
117.6 |
9 | NH 866 | NHDP - Phase VII
|
NHAI | Thiruvananthapuram Outer Ring Road
|
80 | |
10 | NH 966
|
NHDP –Phase-IV
|
Kerala PWD | 5828374 | Ramanattukara - Palakkad | 125.304 |
11 | NH 966A | Port Connectivity | NHAI | 5828385 | Kalamassery - Vallarpadam | 17 |
12 | NH 966B | Port Connectivity | NHAI | 5828387 | Willington Island
|
5.92 |
- | - | - | Total | 1811.52 km |
State highways
There are 72
The State Road Improvement Project (SRIP) envisages to improve and upgrade 1200 km of State Highways and Major District Roads to enhance the capacity and riding quality with proper maintenance plan, road safety and reducing the expenditure on periodic maintenance. The project is implemented by Road Infrastructure Company Kerala (RICK) Ltd. Road Infrastructure Company Kerala Limited (RICK) was incorporated in March 2012 as a Special Purpose Vehicle with paid up capital contributed by Government of Kerala (51%) and Kerala Road Fund Board (49%).[15] About 29 road sections totalling to a length of 469 km has identified for rehabilitation improvements by the company. Rehabilitation project include strengthening/reconstruction of pavement/structure, junction improvements, provision of road furniture, bus bay byes and other traffic management measures. The company plans to upgrade 32 roads of 644 km. Upgrades involve widening the carriageway with paved shoulder (1.5 m on either side), widening of narrow CD works, geometric improvements, junction improvements, identifying the grade separation requirements, etc.
Sustainable and Planned Effort to Ensure Infrastructure Development (SPEEID) KERALA - Kerala government have formulated the project of constructing flyovers, bridges and roads at selected areas in the state in order to reduce the increasing traffic congestion. The project named as ‘SPEEID KERALA’ comprises 23 projects at the estimated cost of `10,000 Crore. The Kerala Road Fund Board (KRFB), the special purpose vehicle under the PWD, had been entrusted with the task of mobilizing funds for the projects. Work of 5 projects are in progress.[16]
The Kerala State Transport Project, costing 336 million US dollars (Rs 1612 crores) - of which World Bank financing is US $255 million (Rs 1224 crores) and State's contribution is US $79.00 million(Rs 388 crores), aims to improve traffic flow and road safety on Kerala State's primary road network, and to strengthen the institutional and financial capacity of Kerala's key transport sector agencies. The KSTP was designed to upgrade 581 km and cover 1000 km under maintenance in two Phases. However, due to several reasons including delay in land acquisition, only 254 km of Phase I road was upgraded and maintenance works for 1180 km were carried out from June 2002 and December 2009. The KSTP phase 2 envisages upgrading 363 km of SH and MDR, Road Safety Management and Institutional Strengthening of PWD. The total Project cost is 445 million USD out of which 216 million USD is loan assistance from World Bank.
District-wise SH length of roads [17]
Sl.No | Name of District | State Highways |
---|---|---|
1 | Thiruvananthapuram | 180.36 |
2 | Kollam | 123.79 |
3 | Alappuzha | 170.841 |
4 | Pathanamthitta | 249.194 |
5 | Kottayam | 406.531 |
6 | Idukki | 998.372 |
7 | Ernakulam | 325.206 |
8 | Thrissur | 374.033 |
9 | Palakkad | 245.987 |
10 | Malappuram | 374.764 |
11 | Kozhikode | 377.173 |
12 | Wayanad | 128.955 |
13 | Kannur | 244.665 |
14 | Kasaragode | 141.78 |
Total† | 4341.651 |
†Maintained by PWD (R&B) as on 31-3-2015
Major District Road
District | Major District Road (MDR) in km | ||
---|---|---|---|
District wise map of Kerala | Name | Length | MDR per 10,000 people |
Kasaragod | 1460.66 | 11.2 | |
Kannur | 2265.24 | 9.0 | |
Wayanad | 1029.31 | 12.6 | |
Kozhikode | 2454.64 | 8.0 | |
Malappuram | 2680.15 | 6.5 | |
Palakkad | 2184.7 | 7.8 | |
Thrissur | 2064.21 | 6.6 | |
Ernakulam | 3085.28 | 9.4 | |
Idukki | 2867.36 | 25.9 | |
Kottayam | 3456.2 | 17.5 | |
Alappuzha | 2031.4 | 9.6 | |
Pathanamthitta | 1472.33 | 12.3 | |
Kollam | 2202.86 | 8.4 | |
Thiruvananthapuram | 2557.74 | 7.8 | |
Total† | 31812.1 | 9.5 |
†Maintained by PWD (R&B) as in 2019-20
City roads
The government is planning to improve all the major city roads in Kerala.[18] Roads in Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Kozhikode, Malappuram and Punalur city roads will get some major facelifts through this project.[19]
Proposed or under construction roads
- Kochi–Theni Greenfield Highway
- Angamaly–Kundannoor Bypass
- Thiruvananthapuram–Kasaragod Coastal Highway
- Thiruvananthapuram–Angamaly Greenfield Highway
- Thiruvananthapuram–Kasaragod Hill Highway
- Outer Ring Road, Thiruvananthapuram
- Palakkad–Kozhikode Greenfield Highway
See also
References
- ^ a b c Government of Kerala (2021). Economic Review 2020 - Volume I (PDF). Thiruvananthapuram: Kerala State Planning Board.
- ^ a b Ministry Annual Report (2019-20) (PDF). New Delhi: Ministry of Road Transport & Highways Transport Research Wing, Government of India. 2020.
- ^ Basic Road Statistics of India (2016–17) (PDF). New Delhi: Ministry of Road Transport & Highways Transport Research Wing, Government of India. 2019. pp. 7–18.
- ^ a b "National Highways in Kerala". Kerala Public Works Department. Government of Kerala.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Coastal, Hill Highways to become a reality". The Hindu. 12 July 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
- ^ "District of Palakkad – the granary of Kerala, Silent Valley National Park, Nelliyampathy". keralatourism.org. Retrieved 30 May 2015.
- ^ a b c Chandran 2018, p. 422.
- ^ "Economic review 2015". kerala.gov.in.[dead link]
- ^ Mishra, Mihir (21 January 2013). "Highway authority projects hit road block in Kerala, Goa, Bengal". Business Standard. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
- ^ "Kerala's move to restrict road width draws flak". businessline. 6 September 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
- ^ "Kerala: Safety card wins six-lane highway". deccanchronicle.com/. 20 March 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
- ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
- ^ "Why CM Pinarayi Vijayan is on a highway drive across Kerala". 19 October 2017.
- ^ "NHDP Phase IV" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 February 2017.
- ^ "Projects". Archived from the original on 7 February 2016. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
- ^ "Kerala scales down SPEEID projects". The Hindu. 26 November 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
- ^ "Economic review 2015" (PDF). Retrieved 27 February 2016.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "KRFB eyeing districts too". The Hindu. 20 November 2011. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
- ^ "Infrastructure Conference 2012" (PDF). Government of Kerala. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
- Chandran, VP (2018). Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus - 2019 (Malayalam ed.). Kozhikode: P. V. Chandran, Managing Editor, Mathrubhumi Printing & Publishing Company Limited, Kozhikode.
External links
- ^ "Economic Review 2015". Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.