Romans 2
Romans 2 | |
---|---|
Book | Epistle to the Romans |
Category | Pauline epistles |
Christian Bible part | New Testament |
Order in the Christian part | 6 |
Romans 2 is the second
Text
The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 29 verses.
Textual witnesses
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:
- Papyrus 40 (~250; extant verses 1–3)
- Papyrus 113 (3rd century; extant verses 12–13, 29)
- Codex Vaticanus (325–350)
- Codex Sinaiticus (330–360)
- Codex Alexandrinus (400–440)
- Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (~450; extant verses 1–4)
Old Testament references
- Romans 2:6 references Psalm 62:12 and Proverbs 24:12[4]
- Romans 2:24 references Isaiah 52:5 and Ezekiel 36:20,23[4]
- Romans 2:29 references Deuteronomy 10:16 and Deuteronomy 30:6
New Testament references
Analysis
Paul's rhetoric style here and other parts of the epistle (cf. Romans 3:1-9; 3:27–4:25; 9:19–21; 10:14–21; 11:17–24; 14:4–12) resembles the diatribe, a form of argumentation by 'debating' an imaginary opponent (as common among Cynic or Stoic philosophers), such as responding to objections using the expression "by no means!" (me genoito; cf. Romans 3:4, 6, 31; 6:2,15; 7:7,13; 9:14; 11:1, 11) to 'pull' the reader into the 'conversation' on Paul's side. Unlike in Romans 2:17–3:20 where Paul plainly addresses a Jewish interlocutor, the dialogue partner in verses 1–16 is not explicitly identified, but the whole section of Romans 2:1–3:20 "speaks to perceived Jewish attitudes".[5]
No partiality with God
Verse 11
For there is no partiality with God.
— Romans 2:11, New King James Version[6]
Circumcision
Paul refers to circumcision as a physical mark of Jewish identity, but for a Jew who breaks the law it becomes a sign of contradiction: "your circumcision has become uncircumcision" (Romans 2:25).[9] The prophet Jeremiah had spoken of those who were "circumcised yet uncircumcised" (Jeremiah 9:25).[10] Paul reiterates the teaching of Moses that:
He is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the Spirit, not in the letter
— Romans 2:25, New King James Version[11]
Drawing on Moses' words in Deuteronomy 30:6:
The Lord your God will circumcise your heart and the heart of your descendants, to love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may live.
— Deuteronomy 30:6, New King James Version[12]
See also
- Torah
- Related
References
- ^ Hill 2007, p. 1084.
- ISBN 978-0199277186.
- ^ Ellicott's Commentary for Modern Readers on Romans 2, accessed 5 September 2016
- ^ a b c d "Biblical concordances of Romans 2 in the 1611 King James Bible".
- ^ Hill 2007, p. 1091.
- ^ Romans 2:11NKJV
- ^ Deuteronomy 10:17
- ^ Acts 10:34
- ^ Romans 2:25
- ^ Jeremiah 9:25
- ^ Romans 2:25
- ^ Deuteronomy 30:6
Sources
- ISBN 9780195288810.
- Hill, Craig C. (2007). "64. Romans". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 1083–1108. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
- ISBN 9780851106489.
External links
- Romans 2 King James Bible - Wikisource
- English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
- Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
- Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)