Rubus hawaiensis
This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2011) |
Rubus hawaiensis | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Rosales |
Family: | Rosaceae |
Genus: | Rubus |
Species: | R. hawaiensis
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Binomial name | |
Rubus hawaiensis | |
Synonyms[2] | |
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Rubus hawaiensis, also called the ʻĀkala, is one of two species (with
Description
Rubus hawaiensis is a deciduous shrub, typically growing as a clump of erect or (when longer) arching canes, 1.5–3 m (4.9–9.8 ft) long.[5] The leaves are compound, with three leaflets. The fruit is red, large (up to 4 cm or 1.6 in long and 2.5 cm or 0.98 in wide), and edible but not often eaten, as it is sour and somewhat bitter.
Although frequently described as prickle-free ("thornless"), and often used as an example of loss of defenses in island plants, most plants do have thin prickles at least when small. As the cane grows the outer layer of bark usually sheds, taking the prickles with it. Interest in breeding "thornless" varieties of edible raspberries (possibly even with distantly related species since most Rubus readily hybridize) has led to the introduction of several species of continental Rubus species which have since escape cultivation and become serious pests. These include the yellow Himalayan raspberry, Rubus ellipticus, and the Florida prickly blackberry, R. penetrans (R. argutus[6]).
Impact
The presence of
Mythology
This berry is believed to be the land counterpart to the limu kala both appearing in the first period of creation (wā) as mentioned in the Kumulipo.[7]: p60
References
- ^ "Rubus hawaiensis". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
- ^ Tropicos, Rubus hawaiiensis A. Gray
- ^ "ʻakala, ʻakalakala, kala". Hawaiian Ethnobotany Online Database. Bernice P. Bishop Museum. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
- JSTOR 2419819.
- ^ United States Exploring Expedition. During the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. vol. XV. Botany. Phanerogamia by Asa Gray with a Folia Atlas of 100 Plates. Part 1. Philadelphia, 1858.
- ^ "USDA PLANTS database".
- ISBN 0-8248-0771-5.
External links
Media related to Rubus hawaiensis at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Rubus hawaiensis at Wikispecies
- Hawaiian Native Plant Genera - Rubus Photographs of R. hawaiensis.