Russian battleship Andrei Pervozvanny

This is a good article. Click here for more information.
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Andrei Pervozvanny in 1912
History
Russian Empire
NameAndrei Pervozvanny
Namesake
Saint Andrew
Builder
Admiralty Shipyard, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Laid down11 May 1905
Launched30 October 1906
In service10 March 1911
Soviet Union
AcquiredNovember 1917
Out of service1919
Stricken21 November 1925
FateScrapped, 15 December 1923
General characteristics as built
Class and type
predreadnought battleship
Displacement
  • 17,320 long tons (17,600 t)
  • 18,580 long tons (18,880 t) (
    deep load
    )
Length460 ft (140.2 m) (
o/a
)
Beam80 ft (24.4 m)
Draft27 ft (8.2 m)
Installed power
  • 25 ×
    Belleville boilers
  • 17,600 
    kW
    )
Propulsion2 shafts; 2 triple-expansion steam engines
Speed18.5 knots (34.3 km/h; 21.3 mph)
Range2,100 nmi (3,900 km; 2,400 mi) at 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph)
Complement956
Armament
Armor
  • Belt: 4–8.5 in (102–216 mm)
  • Upper belt: 3.1–5 in (79–127 mm)
  • Casemates: 3.1–5 in (79–127 mm)
  • Conning tower: 4–8 in (102–203 mm)
  • Main gun turrets: 8–10 in (203–54 mm)
  • Main gun barbettes: 4–5 in (102–27 mm)
  • Secondary gun turrets: 5–6 in (127–52 mm)

Andrei Pervozvanny (

Coastal Motor Boats shortly afterwards, as part of the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War. The ship was never fully repaired and was scrapped
in 1923.

Description

Andrei Pervozvanny was 454 feet (138.4 m)

double bottom and a metacentric height of 4 feet (1.2 m). The ship's crew consisted of 31 officers and 924 crewmen.[1]

Andrei Pervozvanny was equipped with two 4-cylinder

Belleville boilers provided steam to the engines. On sea trials, they produced 17,635 ihp (13,150 kW) and a top speed of 18.5 knots (34.3 km/h; 21.3 mph). She carried a normal load of 800 long tons (810 t) of coal that provided a range of 1,300 nautical miles (2,400 km; 1,500 mi) at a speed of 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) and a maximum load of 1,500 long tons (1,500 t) that gave 2,400 nautical miles (4,400 km; 2,800 mi) at the same speed.[2]

The main armament of the Andrei Pervozvanny class consisted of two pairs of

120-millimeter (4.7 in) guns mounted in casemates above the 8-inch guns in the superstructure. Two underwater 450-millimeter (17.7 in) torpedo tubes were mounted, one on each broadside, and they were provided with six spare torpedoes.[3]

Based on the Russian experience at the

Krupp cemented armor. The main waterline belt had a maximum thickness of 8.5 inches (216 mm) and the upper belt was 5 inches (127 mm) at its thickest. The sides of the main gun turrets were 8 inches (203 mm) thick and the armor of the casemates ranged from 3.1 to 5 inches (79 to 127 mm) in thickness. The greatest thickness of deck armor was 1.5 inches (38 mm).[4]

Service history

Andrei Pervozvanny c. 1912

Andrei Pervozvanny was built by the

Odensholm Island, off the Estonian coast, on 1 July 1914. The ship was still under repair when World War I began the following month. Her lattice masts were cut down and light topmasts were added while under repair.[6]

Andrei Pervozvanny was mostly inactive during the war as the Russian naval strategy in the Baltic was defensive and they did not intend to seek out the German fleet.[7] She ran aground in the Longgayen Pass on 12 November 1914. She was refloated on 14 November, repaired and returned to service.[8] Torpedo nets were fitted in early 1915 and the ship's torpedoes were removed in January 1916. In late 1916, four 76-millimeter (3 in) anti-aircraft guns were added.[9] The ship's crew joined the general mutiny of the Baltic Fleet in Helsinki on 16 March 1917, after they received word of the February Revolution in Saint Petersburg, and several of the ship's officers were murdered by the crew. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk required the Soviets to evacuate their naval base at Helsinki in March 1918 or have their ships interned by newly independent Finland even though the Gulf of Finland was still frozen over. Andrei Pervozvanny and her sister ship the renamed Respublika, led the second group of ships on 5 April and reached Kronstadt five days later in what became known as the "Ice Voyage".[7]

After the

Campaign in the Baltic 1918–19, when she was torpedoed by either C.M.B. 31 or C.M.B. 88 during the night of 17/18 August 1919 as the ship lay at anchor in Kronstadt. She was hit on the port bow and settled 2 feet (0.6 m) down by the bow. The British claimed three torpedo hits, but two of the torpedoes actually struck the harbor wall behind the battleship. The Victoria Cross, Britain's highest military decoration, was awarded to Commander Claude Congreve Dobson and Lieutenant Gordon Charles Steele for their successful attack.[12] The ship was raised and docked, but never fully repaired.[10] While under repair, she was nearly hit by a small bomb during a British air raid on 3 September.[13] Scrapping of Andrei Pervozvanny began 15 December 1923,[14] although she was not formally stricken until 21 November 1925.[7]

Notes

  1. ^ All dates used in this article are New Style

Footnotes

  1. ^ McLaughlin, pp. 180–181, 185
  2. ^ McLaughlin, pp. 181, 187
  3. ^ McLaughlin, p. 186
  4. ^ McLaughlin, p. 181
  5. ^ McLaughlin, p. 180
  6. ^ McLaughlin, pp. 188, 302
  7. ^ a b c McLaughlin, p. 188
  8. ^ Chernyshev, Alexander Alekseevich (2012). Погибли без боя. Катастрофы русских кораблей XVIII–XX вв [They died without a fight. Catastrophes of Russian ships of the XVIII-XX centuries] (in Russian). Veche.
  9. ^ McLaughlin, p. 302
  10. ^ a b McLaughlin, p. 322
  11. ^ Head, p. 223
  12. ^ Head, pp. 229, 232
  13. ^ Head, p. 233
  14. ^ Melnikov, p. 96.

References

Further reading

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russian_battleship_Andrei_Pervozvanny&oldid=1111354723"