Salinan

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For the language, see
USS Salinan (ATF-161)
.
Salinan
Te'po'ta'ahl
Miguelino family near Mission San Antonio de Padua
Total population
681 (2000, census)
Regions with significant populations
 California
Languages
English, formerly Salinan
Religion
Salinan traditional narratives
Pre-contact distribution of the Salinan.

The Salinan are a Native American tribe whose ancestral territory is in the southern

federal tribal recognition from the Bureau of Indian Affairs
.

Map of Salinan placenames, dialects, and tribelets

Geographic origins

There were two major divisions and one subgroup. From north to south, the Antoniano lived in the lower part of the Salinas Valley (which flows south to north), near the future site of two

Pacific Coast in the vicinity of what is now Lucia and San Simeon. Salinans were Hunter-gatherers
and, like most other California tribes, were organized in small groups with little centralized political structure.

They left shell middens behind indicating that they lived in the area in numbers along the coast. Their main diet during the summer consisted of fish and shellfish, evidenced by the fine particles of shell present in the soil for a depth of several feet in areas where the Indians camped. The Salinan named the peak Pimkolam.[1][2]

The 56 acres (23 ha)

shell beads, and non-human bones, as well as shell, bone, flaked stone, fire-affected rock, charred seeds, and mortars at the cave site.[5] The rock overhangs and caves have fire-scarred roofs that bear evidence of occupancy over hundreds of years. The Wagon Cave Research Natural Area of 806 acres (326 ha) contains diverse stands of Valley Oaks of varying ages and densities and has been recommended as a Research Natural Areas within the Los Padres National Forest.[6]

Etymology

The tribe's name is taken from the

C. Hart Merriam called these people the En-'ne-sen on advice from one informant; En-'ne-sen was the native word for the Salinan headquarters.[10]

Language

The Salinan language, spoken until the 1950s[11] is a language isolate. It may be a part of the Hokan language family. Sapir included it in a subfamily of Hokan, along with Chumash and Seri; this classification has found its way into more recent encyclopedias and presentations of language families, but serious supporting evidence has never been presented.[12]

Population

Further information: Population of Native California

Estimates for the pre-contact populations of most native groups in California have varied substantially.

2000 United States Census reported a total population of Salinan people as 681.[15]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Jewell, Jennifer (October 12, 2018). "Obi Kaufmann & The California Field Atlas; Botanical Artistry Of October, Part 2". Cultivating Place (Podcast). North State Public Radio. Retrieved February 13, 2019 – via SoundCloud.
  2. ISBN 978-1-59714-402-5
    .
  3. ^ Clearinghouse, Passport in Time. "Wagon Cave". Passport in Time. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  4. ^ "Monterey County Historical Society, Local History Pages--Overview of Post-Hispanic Monterey County History". www.mchsmuseum.com. Archived from the original on 22 May 2006. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
  5. ^ Cummings, Linda Scott; Puseman, Kathryn; Dexter, Jaime; Eksambekar, Sanjay (2005). "POLLEN, PHYTOLlTH, AND MACROFLORAL ANALYSIS AT SITE CA-MNT-307, CALIFORNIA". Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  6. ^ "Wagon Caves" (PDF). www.fs.fed.us. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  7. ^ Clearinghouse, Passport in Time. "Wagon Cave". Passport in Time. Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  8. ^ Mason, J. Alden (1856). "The Ethnology of the Salinan Indians" (PDF).
  9. ISBN 978-0-937401-11-8
    .
  10. ^ Hester, p.504
  11. ^ "Salinan Language and the Salinan Indian Tribe (Sextapay, Antoniano, Migueleno)". Native-languages.org. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
  12. ^ Marlett 2008
  13. ^ Kroeber, p.883
  14. ^ Cook, p.187
  15. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-18. American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes in the United States: 2000" (PDF). September 2002.

References

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