Hupa
Whilkut[2] |
Hupa (
History
Hupa people migrated from the north into northern California around 1000 CE
Hupa people had limited contact with non-native peoples until the 1849
Hupa are involved in the talks to remove hydroelectric dams along the Klamath and Trinity rivers, and were a party to a lawsuit against the Bureau of Reclamation and the National Marine Fisheries Service. On February 8, 2017 the federal district court judge ruled in favor of the Hoopa Valley Tribe, the three other Klamath River fishing tribes, and other stakeholders. The judge agreed to plans designed by the Tribes' scientists to reduce outbreaks of a deadly fish disease that had infected 90% of juvenile salmon in 2014 and 2015.[4]
Culture
Arts
Hupa people have been excelling at basketry and elk horn carving since the 17th century, petroglyphs.[5]
Ethnobotany
Traditionally, Hupa people have used the acorns of
Fishing
Hupa, like many tribes in the area, fish for salmon in the
Population
Estimates for the pre-contact populations of most
Reservations
Hupa descendants have since been incorporated mainly into the Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation and other tribes:
- Hoopa Valley Tribe[15] (Hoopa, Humboldt County, Population 2013: 3,139) (Hupa, Tsnungwe, Chimalakwe, Chilula, Whilkut)
- Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria[16] (Trinidad, Humboldt County, Population 2011: 154) (Yurok, Wiyot, Tolowa sowie Chetco, Hupa und Karuk)
- Blue Lake Rancheria[17] (Blue Lake, Humboldt County, Population 2010: 58) (Wiyot, Yurok, Hupa, Whilkut)
See also
- Hoopa, California—the name for the town (Unincorporated community) in the Hupa Valley. The name was changed at various times related to the post office.
References
- ^ "TWO RIVERS TRIBUNE ~ ONLINE - Hoopa Tribe Enrolls 22 New Members". www.tworiverstribune.com. Archived from the original on 13 September 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
- ^ a b c d Pritzker 2000, p. 126.
- ^ a b "Ararahih'urípih". Linguistics. 2014-10-31. Retrieved 2021-01-25.
- ^ "Hoopa Valley Tribe Wins Court Case to Protect Salmon". Archived from the original on 2017-03-29. Retrieved 2017-03-28.
- ^ Pritzker 2000, p. 127.
- ^ Merriam 1966, p. 200.
- ^ Murphey 1990, p. 4.
- ^ Murphey 1990, p. 2.
- ^ |url = http://americanhistory.si.edu/onthewater/exhibition/3_2.html |title = On the Water - Fishing for a Living, 1840-1920: The Salmon Coast |website = americanhistory.si.edu |access-date = 2016-02-25 |url-status |archive-url |archive-date = 2016-03-07 }}
- ^ "California Indians". factcards.califa.org. Archived from the original on 2016-05-11. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
- ^ Kroeber 1925, pp. 883.
- ^ Cook 1976, pp. 170.
- ^ Cook 1956, pp. 99–100.
- ^ Wallace 1978, p. 176.
- ^ "The Hoopa Valley Tribe's Official Website". Hoopa Valley Tribe.
- ^ "Trinidad Rancheria – Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow".
- ^ "Home".
Sources
- Cook, Sherburne F. (1956). The Aboriginal Population of the North Coast of California. Vol. 16. Berkeley, California: University of California, Berkeley. pp. 81–130.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help) - Cook, Sherburne F. (1976). The Conflict between the California Indian and White Civilization. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Goddard, Pliny Earle (1903). Life and Culture of the Hupa. Vol. 1. The University Press. pp. 1–88. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
- )
- Merriam, C. Hart (1966). Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes. Berkeley, California: University of California Archaeological Research Facility. p. 200.
- Murphey, Edith Van Allen (1990) [1959]. Indian Uses of Native Plants. Glenwood, Illinois: Meyerbooks.
- Pritzker, Barry M. (2000). A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples. Oxford: ISBN 978-0-19-513877-1.
- Wallace, William J. (1978). Heizer, Robert F.; Sturtevant, William C. (eds.). Hupa, Chilula, and Whilkut. In California. Vol. 8. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. pp. 91–98.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help)
Bibliographies
External links
- Media related to Hupa at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website
- San Francisco State University - Hupa