Same-sex marriage in Mexico City
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Civil unions, known as sociedades de convivencia in Spanish, which offer some of the rights, benefits and obligations of marriage, have been recognized for same-sex couples since March 2007.
Civil unions
Being the seat of the
In the early 2000s,
Political party | Members | Yes | No | Abstain | Absent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party of the Democratic Revolution | 34 | 33 | 1 | ||
National Action Party | 17 | 16 | 1 | ||
Institutional Revolutionary Party | 4 | 4 | |||
New Alliance Party | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
Ecologist Green Party of Mexico | 3 | 3 | |||
Social Democratic Party | 2 | 2 | |||
Labor Party | 1 | 1 | |||
Convergence
|
1 | 1 | |||
Total | 66 | 43 | 17 | 5 | 1 |
The law was well received by
The law officially took effect on 16 March 2007.[5] Mexico City's first same-sex civil union was between Jorge Cerpa, a 31-year-old economist, and Antonio Medina, a 38-year-old journalist.[5] By December 2009, 736 same-sex civil unions had taken place in the city, of which 24 (3%) had been annulled.[6]
Same-sex marriage
On 24 November 2009, PRD Assemblyman David Razú proposed a bill that would legalize same-sex marriage in Mexico City. According to Razú, "gays and lesbians pay taxes like everyone else, obey the law like everyone else, build the city like everyone else, and there is no reason they should have a different and special set of rules."[7] The bill sought to modify the definition of marriage contained in the Civil Code using gender-neutral language. Razú added that the bill was "to be in agreement with Article 1 of the Constitution of Mexico, which says that no person can be discriminated against for any reason, and with Article 2 of the Civil Code, which says that no person can be deprived of the exercise of their rights for reasons of sexual orientation."[7]
Assemblyman Emiliano Aguilar (
On 21 December 2009, the Assembly approved the legalization of same-sex marriage in a 39–20 vote. Head of Government
On 29 December 2009, Ebrard signed the bill into law and it became effective on March 4, 2010.[1][2] On August 5, the Supreme Court voted 9–2 to uphold the constitutionality of Mexico City's same-sex marriage law.[15] On August 10, 2010, the Supreme Court ruled that same-sex marriages performed in Mexico City must be recognized throughout the country.[16]
Political party | Members | Yes | No | Abstain | Absent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party of the Democratic Revolution | 34 | 34 | |||
National Action Party | 15 | 15 | |||
Institutional Revolutionary Party | 8 | 2 | 5 | 1 | |
Labor Party | 5 | 5 | |||
Ecologist Green Party of Mexico | 3 | 3 | |||
New Alliance Party | 1 | 1 | |||
Total | 66 | 39 | 20 | 5 | 2 |
On 11 December 2016, the Constituent Assembly of Mexico City, a body formed to create a constitution for Mexico City, voted 9–7 to include the right to same-sex marriage in the draft text.[17][18] In early January 2017, the Constituent Assembly voted in its plenary session 68–11 to fully enshrine same-sex marriage in the Mexico City Constitution.[19] Article 11(H)(2) reads: "Equal rights are recognized for families formed by same-sex couples, with or without children, who are under the figure of civil marriage, concubinage or some other civil union."[a]
Statistics
More than 270 same-sex couples married in Mexico City between March and July 2010.[22]
The following table shows the number of same-sex marriages performed in Mexico City since legalization in 2010 as reported by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography.[23] Figures for 2020 are lower than previous years because of the restrictions in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Year | Same-sex | Opposite-sex | Total | % same-sex | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | Total | ||||
2010 | 309 | 380 | 689 | 33,755 | 34,444 | 2.00% |
2011 | 345 | 457 | 802 | 34,284 | 35,086 | 2.29% |
2012 | 447 | 489 | 936 | 34,600 | 35,536 | 2.63% |
2013 | 536 | 649 | 1,185 | 35,888 | 37,073 | 3.20% |
2014 | 761 | 851 | 1,612 | 35,052 | 36,664 | 4.40% |
2015 | 657 | 777 | 1,434 | 31,796 | 33,230 | 4.32% |
2016 | 677 | 804 | 1,481 | 31,034 | 32,515 | 4.55% |
2017 | 682 | 780 | 1,462 | 29,406 | 30,868 | 4.74% |
2018 | 690 | 767 | 1,457 | 25,064 | 26,521 | 5.49% |
2019 | 743 | 796 | 1,539 | 25,923 | 27,462 | 5.60% |
2020 | 429 | 403 | 832 | 11,106 | 11,938 | 6.97% |
2021 | 631 | 610 | 1,241 | 18,890 | 20,131 | 6.16% |
About 6,000 same-sex marriages were performed in the city in the first five years following the law's enactment. 30% of the marriages were between couples from other states and only 2% had ended in divorce.[24]
Public opinion
An opinion poll conducted in September 2009 showed that the population of Mexico City was almost evenly divided on the issue of same-sex marriage, with 48% in favour and 46% against.[25]
From 27 November to 30 November 2009, major newspaper El Universal polled 1,000 Mexico City citizens concerning the legalization of same-sex marriage in the city: 50% supported it, 38% were against it and 12% had no opinion. The same poll showed that support was stronger among the younger population (age: 18–29), 67%, and weaker among the oldest (age: 50 and up), 38%. With 48%, the most cited reason was "right of choice" for the supporters, followed by "everybody is equal" with 14%. 39% of the opponents cited "it is not normal" as the main reason to not support same-sex marriage, followed by "we lose values" with 18%.[26]
A 2017 opinion poll conducted by Gabinete de Comunicación Estratégica found that 63% of Mexico City residents supported same-sex marriage, while 32% were opposed.[27]
According to a 2018 survey by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography, 29% of the Mexico City public opposed same-sex marriage, the lowest in all of Mexico.[28]
Opposition
The National Action Party issued a statement calling the same-sex marriage bill "an electoral ploy by the PRD that mocks and abuses the
See also
Notes
- ^ In Spanish: Se reconoce en igualdad de derechos a las familias formadas por parejas de personas LGBTTTI, con o sin hijas e hijos, que estén bajo la figura de matrimonio civil, concubinato o alguna otra unión civil.[20]
In Nahuatl: Mah amo quinixtlahuelitacan in nepapan tlacah ipampa imincihuayo nozo iminoquicho in yuh LGBTTTI, mah zan ihcuitic quipiacan iminnamic huan imincenyeliz, in tlaa quipiazque nozo amo quipiazque imimpilhuan itechcopa tlatlaman nenamictiliztli.[21]
References
- ^ a b Mark Stevenson (Associated Press) (29 December 2009). "Mexico City enacts region's 1st gay marriage law". MSNBC. Archived from the original on January 2, 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2009.
- ^ a b Mónica Archundia (5 January 2010). "La primera unión gay, para marzo" (in Spanish). El Universal. Archived from the original on 21 June 2013. Retrieved 5 January 2010.
- ^ Latin American Herald Tribune (16 March 2009). "First Openly Gay Mayoral Candidate Runs in Mexico". Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
- ^ a b c Erich Adolfo Moncada Cota (19 November 2006). "Mexico City Approves Same Sex Unions". Archived from the original on 20 November 2009. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
- ^ a b New York Times (17 March 2007). "A Milestone in Mexico City". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
- ^ Fernando Martínez (25 December 2009). "Sociedades de convivencia, 97% en pie" (in Spanish). El Universal. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 26 December 2009.
- ^ a b Latin American Herald Tribune (24 November 2009). "Mexico City Lawmakers to Consider Gay Marriage". Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
- ^ a b Mónica Archundia (25 November 2009). "Proyecto de matrimonio gay "divorcia" a la ALDF" (in Spanish). El Universal. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
- ^ Anodis (11 December 2009). "Preparan dictamen de matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 15 December 2009. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
- ^ Horacio Jiménez y Ella Grajeda (16 December 2009). "PAN amaga con impedir bodas gay" (in Spanish). El Universal. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2009.
- ^ Notimex (15 December 2009). "Recurrirá PAN a Corte de legalizarse 'matrimonio' entre homosexuales" (in Spanish). Yahoo! México. Archived from the original on 22 December 2009. Retrieved 16 December 2009.
- ^ Rocío González Alvarado (18 December 2009). "Rechaza ALDF referéndum para bodas gay" (in Spanish). La Jornada. Archived from the original on 9 September 2017. Retrieved 18 December 2009.
- ^ "Mexico City 1st in region to approve gay marriage". Associated Press. 21 December 2009. Archived from the original on 25 December 2009. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
- ^ a b "Mexico City assembly legalizes same-sex marriage". Associated Press. 21 December 2009. Archived from the original on 26 December 2009. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
- ^ Dwyer Arce (August 6, 2010). "Mexico high court upholds Mexico City same-sex marriage law". JURIST – Paper Chase. Archived from the original on April 18, 2018. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
- ^ Dwyer Arce (August 11, 2010). "Mexico high court rules Mexico City same-sex marriages must be recognized nationwide". JURIST – Paper Chase. Archived from the original on October 28, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
- ^ (in Spanish) PRD y Constituyente buscan garantizar matrimonio gay, eutanasia y uso de mariguana Archived 2015-05-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ (in Spanish) Con 9 votos a favor 7 en contra se aprueba el #MatrimonioIgualitario en la Ciudad de México Archived 2020-03-28 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ (in Spanish) Aprueban matrimonio civil igualitario en Constitución de CDMX Archived 2019-03-23 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Constitución Política de la Ciudad de México" (PDF). infodf.org.mx (in Spanish). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-03-28. Retrieved 2019-09-01.
- ^ "Ihueytlanahuatil Mexihco Hueyaltepetl" (PDF). Government of Mexico City (in Nāhuatl). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-02-07. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
- ^ Barrionuevo, Alexei (15 July 2010). "Argentina Approves Gay Marriage, in a First for Region". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 August 2019. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
Last year, Mexico City became the first jurisdiction in the region to legalize gay marriages... the city has married more than 270 couples
- ^ "Matrimonios, Entidad y municipio de registro, Sexo, Sexo". INEGI (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2020-10-17. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
- ^ (in Spanish) ESTADÍSTICAS BODAS GAY CIUDAD DE MÉXICO Archived 2019-02-24 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Mexico City approves gay marriage". Archived from the original on 2009-12-24. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ^ El Universal (27–30 November 2009). "Same-sex marriage poll in Mexico City" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 October 2012. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
- ^ (in Spanish) Encuesta nacional 2017 Archived 2017-09-19 at the Wayback Machine, Gabinete de Comunicación Estratégica
- ^ "¿Quién está en contra del matrimonio gay?". El Sol de México (in Spanish). 15 April 2019. Archived from the original on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
- ^ Agence France-Presse (21 December 2009). "Mexico City approves gay marriage". Archived from the original on 24 December 2009. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
- ^ a b Tracy Wilkinson (22 December 2009). "Mexico City approves gay marriage, adoption". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 28 December 2009. Retrieved 22 December 2009.