Shtefanesht (Hasidic dynasty)
Shtefanesht (
Rabbinic leadership
Rabbi Menachem Nochum Friedman, First Shtefaneshter Rebbe
Following the death of Rabbi
Unlike the Jews of
Like his father, the Ruzhiner, the first Shtefaneshter Rebbe was a regal figure. Dr. Menachem Mendel Brayer, father of the Boyaner Rebbe, saw the Rebbe during his youth in Ștefănești; according to Brayer, the Rebbe was characterized by "the light jest, the smile, the delicacy, the good cheer, the ability to penetrate without piercing and the ability to touch one point without touching the boundary. Like his father before him, he liked to tell stories of action, but did not have his father's gift for symbolic abstraction".[8] The Rebbe built a palatial house with a large garden in Ștefănești and conducted himself like a king, including the riding of horses.[9] After his death in 1869, the first Shtefaneshter Rebbe was buried in Iași. The area of the former graveyard was later replaced by a public park, and there is no memorial to the first Rebbe.[1]
Rabbi Avrohom Mattisyohu Friedman, Second Shtefaneshter Rebbe
Rabbi Menachem Nochum's only son and successor, Rabbi Avrohom Mattisyohu, was born on the eighth day of Hanukkah 1847 in Sadigura.[10] At his brit milah, his grandfather, the Ruzhiner Rebbe, gave him the second name Mattisyohu after Mattathias Maccabee the High Priest.[10] In 1862 he married the daughter of Reb Yitzchok Reich of Reisha,[11] but they divorced after 11 years without children.[10] He then remarried his cousin Sarah Zipporah, a daughter of Reb Yosef Mansohn of Berdychiv,[12] who had been widowed by her husband Reb Aharon Schorr of Berdychiv. Rabbi Avrohom Mattisyohu adopted her three children; they did not have children of their own.[10]
Rabbi Avrohom Mattisyohu was 21 years old when his father, Rabbi Menachem Nochum, died in 1869. After much pleading and the approval of his uncle, Rabbi Avrohom Yaakov Friedman, the first Rebbe of Sadigura, Rabbi Avrohom Mattisyahu agreed to fill his father's position,[citation needed] a role he held for 64 years.
The second Stefaneshter Rebbe was considered to be one of the hidden tzaddikim of his generation. Many stories were told about the miracles he effected.
On one occasion a Hasid came to the Rebbe, crying that his daughter had fallen ill with typhus and was in a desperate condition. Her hours were numbered and only a miracle could save her. The Rebbe gave the Hasid his personal spoon which he used every morning to eat breakfast, and a piece of his bread, and told the Hasid to feed the bread to his daughter with the spoon. Although the girl couldn't swallow and hadn't eaten anything in days, she readily consumed the Rebbe's shirayim [leftovers from a Rebbe's meal] and a few days later she was back to herself and lived to a ripe old age. The spoon, handed down from generation to generation, is until today a family heirloom.[13]
His influence over Romanian Jewry was immense and his following numbered in the thousands. He was revered by Jews and Christians alike. On his annual visit to Bucharest, all the shops were closed in his honor and tens of thousands of people came out to welcome him.[5] The presence of his court turned Ștefănești into one of the most important Hasidic centers in Eastern Europe.[1] He never spoke at his tish, but "created an atmosphere of profound meditation and awe" by his presence alone.[14]
Three of the ten synagogues in the town were located in the Rebbe's courtyard.[1] The Rebbe also looked after the welfare of many devout Hasidim who cut themselves off from the outside world in order to pursue their Divine service. Among those who stayed for months or even years in his court were Rabbi Chaim Zanvl Abramowitz, the Ribnitzer Rebbe, and Rabbi Eliezer Zusia Portugal, the first Skulener Rebbe.[15]
The second Shtefaneshter Rebbe died on July 15, 1933 (21
In 1968 Dr. Joseph Brayer, former
Shtefanesht yeshiva
After the second Shtefaneshter Rebbe's death, a yeshiva named Beis Avrohom was established in the courtyard of the Rebbe's house in his memory. Its rosh yeshiva (dean) was Rabbi Joseph Brayer. By 1936, nearly 60 students were learning there. The curriculum included both Talmudic studies and state gymnasium learning; students were tested on the latter twice yearly by the government boards of Botoșani and Iași. The yeshiva disbanded in June 1941 when the Romanian authorities evicted the town's Jews.[1][19]
Toras Emes Institute
In 1993 the Torah Emes Institute was founded in Bnei Brak by Rabbi Avraham Yaakov Solomon to preserve the legacy of the Shtefanesht dynasty.[20]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "The 20th Century". IDEE Communication. 2006. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
- ISBN 0804744688.
- ^ Friedman, Yisroel. The Golden Dynasty: Ruzhin, the royal house of Chassidus. Jerusalem: The Kest-Lebovits Jewish Heritage and Roots Library, 2nd English edition, 2000, pp. 132–133.
- ^ a b Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 133.
- ^ a b Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 135.
- ^ ISBN 978-1611683059.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 136.
- ISBN 1-57819-794-5.
- ^ Brayer, The House of Rizhin, p. 384.
- ^ a b c d Brayer, The House of Rizhin, p. 390.
- ^ A son-in-law of either Reb Asher Yeshaya of Ropshitz or Yechiel Rubin, son of Reb Asher Yeshaya of Ropshitz.
- ^ Son-in-law of Rabbi Yisroel Friedman, husband of Gitl Friedman.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 137.
- ^ a b Brayer, The House of Rizhin, p. 391.
- ^ Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, pp. 138–139.
- ^ a b Friedman, The Golden Dynasty, p. 139.
- ^ Assaf, David. "Ruzhin Hasidic Dynasty". YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
- ^ Meringer, Motty (13 July 2009). האדמו"ר רבי אברהם מתתיהו פרידמן משטפנשט זצ"ל [The Admor Rabbi Avrohom Mattisyohu Friedman from Shtefanesht, zt”l]. Tog News (in Hebrew). Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
- ^ Brayer, Dr. Menachem M. הישיבות ברומניה [The Yeshivas in Romania] (in Hebrew). Michlelet Herzog. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
- ^ מכון "תורת אמת" [Toras Emes Institute] (in Hebrew). shtefenesht.org. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
Further reading
- Ner Yisrael, vol. 6, (Chaim Dov Stern), Bnei Brak, 1994.
- Encyclopedia Lechasidut, (Yitzchak Alfasi), Mossad Harav Kook, Jerusalem, 2005