Sofia Rotaru

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Mykhaylivna and the family name is Rotaru.

Sofia Rotaru
Софія Ротару
Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union
Genres
Occupation(s)Singer-songwriter, record producer, film producer, fashion designer, dancer, actress
Instrument(s)Vocals
Years active1968–present
Formerly ofChervona Ruta
Spouse(s)
​
​
(m. 1968; died 2002)​
Websitewww.sofiarotaru.com
TitleHero of Ukraine (2002)
People's Artist of the USSR (1988)
Awards

Sofiia Mykhailivna Yevdokymenko-Rotaru (née Rotaru; Ukrainian: Софі́я Миха́йлівна Рота́ру [soˈfijɐ roˈtɑrʊ]; Russian: Софи́я Миха́йловна Рота́ру; born 7 August 1947), known simply as Sofia Rotaru, is a Ukrainian pop singer of Romanian origin.

Rotaru, nicknamed "Bukovinsky Solovey" ("the Nightingale from

Anatoliy Yevdokymenko made her change her music style from folk to pop music[2] with Chervona Ruta
.

In 1972, she released the multilingual[

Kyiv Patriarchate.[5][6]

Rotaru has been performing for more than 40 years,[7][8][9] and topped the Moscow airplay with "Ya nazovu planetu imenem tvoim" in 2008.[10]

She reported the highest income of all celebrities in Ukraine in 2008 and 2010.[11][12][13][14][15][16][17]

Her repertoire consists of more than 40 albums and 400 songs recorded in many languages. She has received awards, deemed a Meritorious Artist of the Ukrainian SSR,

order "For merits before the Nation", respectively.[18]

Rotaru's official surname is Yevdokymenko-Rotaru (Ukrainian: Євдокименко-Ротару). Yevdokymenko was the surname of her late husband. Yalta is her main residence, although she also has homes in Moscow, Kyiv, and Baden-Baden.[19]

Early life

Sofia Rotaru, who comes from the Romanian minority in Ukraine, was born in Marshyntsi (Marșenița), Chernivtsi Oblast to a family of brigadiers and wine-growers.[20][21] Marshyntsi is a village of Novoselytskyi Raion (Noua Suliță), close to the border with Moldova, and the majority of its population is Romanophone (Romanian-speaking). She was the second child in a family of six children. Her siblings are Zina, Lidia, Aurica, Eugen and Anatol.[22] A passport office employee misreported her birthdate on her passport as 9 August; as a result, Rotaru reportedly celebrates her birthday twice.

Her father, Mykhail Fedorovich Rotaru, spent

machine gunner and traveled to Berlin.[23] Injured, he returned home only in 1946, and was the first person to join the Communist Party in the village. Her older sister, Zinaida ("Zina"), was born on 11 October 1942. Zina endured severe childhood illness and went blind, but possessed perfect pitch and easily memorized new songs, so she taught Sofia folk songs. Sofia said of her elder sister: "We all learned from her – what a musical memory, what a soul!". Zina spent hours listening to the radio and learned numerous songs, as well as the Russian language, which she later taught to her brothers and sisters. At home, the Rotaru family spoke only Romanian. As a child, Sofia participated in regional competitions of pentathlon
and running.

She started singing from the first grade in the school choir, as well as in the church choir. However, the latter was not acceptable to the school officials. Hence, she was threatened with an exclusion from the

Young Pioneer organization. Rotaru was attracted by the theatre. She practiced in drama classes and sang popular folk songs in vocal classes. In the evenings, she used to take the only bayan at school and hide in the barn trying to find the proper melodies for her most loved Moldavian songs. Rotaru said:

"It is difficult to say, when and how did the music appear in my life. It seems that it has always lived in me. I grew up among music, it was playing everywhere: at a wedding table, at klatches, at girls' winter evening gatherings, on the dance floor..."[24]

Career

1962–1964: Career start and Ukrainian pop-folk

Rotaru's victory at a vocal competition of amateur performers opened the door to a regional review in 1962. In 1963 in Chernivtsi, she earned a first degree diploma at the regional amateur art review. In 1964, she won the all-republic festival of popular talents in Kyiv. On this occasion her picture made it on the cover of No. 27 of the magazine Ukraine in 1965. After graduation from high school, Rotaru decided to become a singer and entered the vocal and conductor department of the Chernivtsi Musical College. In addition, she took lessons at Chernivtsi Philharmonic from the famed singer and actress Sidi Tal. In 1964, Rotaru performed at the State Kremlin Palace. The first pop song she performed was "Mama" by Alexander Bronevitskiy.[25]

1968–1973: International recognition

In 1968, after graduation from college, Rotaru performed as a delegate of the IX World Festival of Youth and Students in

cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova,[26]
who was present in the concert hall. In 1968, Rotaru married Anatoliy Yevdokymenko, who at that time was a student at Chernivtsi University and a trumpet player in a student pop band.

In 1971, producer Roman Alekseev shot a

Ivan Kupala Night and the girl who succeeds in finding a blooming rue will be happy in love. Songs of the composer Volodymyr Ivasyuk and other writers were co-performed by Zinkevich, Yaremchuk and other singers. The film enjoyed significant success. After the film was released, Rotaru received an offer to work in the Chernivtsi Philharmonic Society and with a backing ensemble called Chervona Ruta. Anatoliy Yevdokymenko, Rotaru's husband, became the artistic director of the ensemble.[26]

As a result of collaborating with Volodymyr Ivasyuk, a cycle of songs was written based on the roots revival material in an orchestration characteristic of the 1960s and the 1970s in Continental Europe. Resulting works brought Rotaru great popularity in the Soviet Union, especially in Ukraine. This was largely due to the fact that the Soviet authorities eagerly promoted her art as an example of international Soviet culture, as she was an ethnic Moldavian/Romanian singing in Moldavian/Romanian, Ukrainian and Russian languages. Consequently, Rotaru gained regular airplay on state radio and television and was systematically billed for state-organized concerts.

In 1972, Rotaru and Chervona Ruta participated in a tour in Poland with the programme Pesni i tantsy Strany Sovetov (Songs and Dances of the Country of Soviets).

In the same year Sofia Rotaru collaborated with Don Backy, performing the Ukrainian version of his hit from the 60s L'immensità - "Syzokrylyi ptakh".

In 1973, she received First Prize at the international contest of Golden Orpheus in Burgas, Bulgaria, performing the song "Moy gorod" ("My city") and Second Prize in the category of foreign performance of a song in the Bulgarian language. In 1973, she also was awarded the Meritorious Artist of the Ukrainian SSR. Later, the songs which she performed in the Moldavian/Romanian language, "Codru" and "Moy gorod", became soundtracks for the film Vesenniye sozvuchiya – 73.[27]

1974–1979: New authors and Moldavian lyricism

In 1974, Rotaru graduated from the Chişinău Art Institute of Gavriil Musicescu and participated in the Sopot International Song Festival in Poland, performing "Vospominaniye" (Remembrance) by B. Rychkov, and "Vodohrai" by Ivasjuk. She received second prize in the category of Polish song for her performance of "Ktoś" ("Someone"). In 1976, she moved from Chernivtsi to Yalta, transferring from the Chernivtsi Philharmonic Society to the Crimean Philharmonic Society. After the death of Volodymyr Ivasyuk in 1979, a number of songs by Moldavian composers appeared in her repertoire penned by the Teodorovici brothers. By that time, Rotaru had ceased collaboration with Moldavian authors, primarily Eugen Doga.[26]

Rotaru's songs of the period were created in collaboration with the following composers and lyricists: Arno Babajanian wrote "Verni mne muzyku" (Bring Me the Music Back); Aleksey Mazhukov – "A muzyka zvuchit" (But the Music Plays) and "Krasnaya strela" (Red Arrow); Pavel Aedonitskiy – "Dlya tekh, kto zhdyot" (For Those Who Wait); Oscar Feltsman - "Only For You"; David Tukhmanov – "Aist na kryshe" (Stork on the Roof), "V dome moyom" (At My Home), and "Val's" (Waltz); Yury Saulsky – "A Usual Story" and "Osennyaya melodiya" (Autumn Melody); Aleksandra Pakhmutova – "Temp" (Tempo); Raimonds Pauls – "Tanets na barabane" (Dance on the Drum); Aleksandr Zatsepin – "Sovsem kak na Zemle" (Just like on Earth); Vladimir Migulya – "Zhyzn'" (Life), and others.[26]

She was the first performer of Eugene Martyunov's songs, including "Lebedinaya vernost" ("Swan Fidelity"), "Yabloni v tsvetu" ("Blossoming Apples"), and "Ballada o materi" ("Ballad About Mother"). A patriotic song, "Shchastye tebe, Zemlya moya" ("Be Happy, My Earth"), caused some political controversy.[28]

1980–1983: Acting career and new connections

In 1980, at the international song festival held in Tokyo, Rotaru won first prize for her performance of the

Order of the Badge of Honor. She continued to experiment and was the first Soviet female singer to appear wearing trousers on stage. While doing this, she performed a hip-hop style song "Temp" (Tempo)[26] with music composed by Aleksandra Pakhmutova and lyrics written by Nikolay Dobronravov. The songs "Temp" and "Ozhidaniye" (Waiting) were specially written for the cultural programme of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. The song was used as the soundtrack theme for the drama film Ballada o sporte (Ode to sports), produced by Yuri Ozerov
. In the same year, for her performance of "Ozhidaniye", Rotaru won the All-Union Song of the Year award.

In 1980, Rotaru starred in the leading role in a film released by

Gde ty, lyubov'?
 (Where are you, love?). Among other songs in the film, Rotaru performed "Pervy dozhd'" (First Rain). The movie featured her riding a motorcycle on a narrow sea embankment without a stunt double. According to the autobiographic plot, a village teacher is invited to join an ensemble and wins the Grand Prix at an international festival with the song "Gde ty, lyubov'?". The music for the song was composed by Raimonds Pauls and lyrics by Ilya Reznik. A double album of the soundtrack was released. More than 25 million movie goers viewed the film in 1980. The title song of the film was banned from state radio by Gennadiy Cherkassov, director of the music department.

In 1981, at the XIVth All-Union Cinema Festival in

Andrei Makarevich
. As she was ill, her doctors recommended she not participate in the movie production and that she cancel all concert performances.

This incident caused Alexander Borodyansky and Alexander Stefanovich to write an autobiographical scenario for the film using the dramatic situation in the singer's life, characterising her loss of voice with an opening of her soul. This was shown in dialogue on a pier with an older man and included a reevaluation of her values. After having seen the new rewritten scenario and new songs, written in a completely new style, Rotaru agreed to star in the movie and decided to temporarily forego all concert performances. In 1983, Rotaru performed a national concert tour of Canada, organised by the National Concert Agency Inc. The concerts were supported by the issue of an LP, titled Canadian Tour 1983 and released by Cansov Exchange Inc.[29]

1985–1989: Change of style – Europop and hard rock

The mid-1980s evolved into a turning point in the creation of the singer's image. Contrary to the previous Vas priglashaet Sofia Rotaru (Sofia Rotaru Invites You) (1985), the new film Monologue of Love (1986) explored the aesthetics of the new art.[27] Only one song, "Techët voda" (Water Flows) by Ihor Poklad, carried on the folk music theme, presenting an image of a farm girl who became a star.

A new collaboration began in 1985 with the song "Lavanda" (Lavender), written by Vladimir Matetskiy for a duet with Estonian Jaak Joala. In 1986, she reversed artistic direction with the relatively unknown Moscow songwriter. He managed the transition of Rotaru to a Europop style ("Bylo no proshlo" (Once It Was But Now It's Over), "Luna" (Moon)), including elements of hard rock "Moya vremya" (My Time), "Tol'ko etogo malo" (That's Not Enough). During the next 15 years, Matetskiy and his co-author, Mikhail Shabrov, collaborated heavily with Rotaru. They produced songs, most of which became part of her concert programmes in 1990–2000.[30]

1990–1991: Among different cultures

The transition to a repertoire in the Russian language caused a certain amount of animosity in Ukraine. Accusations in betrayal of national culture were supported by the state producer unions, philharmonic societies, and concert companies who were losing control over the financial side of the concert and tour activity of Rotaru as a result of economic reforms.

To avoid large scale provocations, she refused to participate in the Chervona Ruta festival which took place in Chernivtsi in 1989. The diminution of proportion of Ukrainian songs was caused by the absence of high-quality lyrics in Ukrainian. Rare exceptions included the songs of

Mykola Mozghovyi, "Krai, myi ridnyi krai" (Homeland), "Minaie den'" (Day Passes); Blizniuk, "Vidlunnia virnosti" (Echo of Fidelity); Rybchinskyi, "Bal razluchennykh serdets" (Ball of Separate Hearts); and Kvinta, "Chekai" (Wait), "Odna kalyna" (Lone Guelder-Rose
), "Tuman" (Fog).

In 1991, during a concert in Lviv, some people from the audience put up a poster in Ukrainian, translating into: "Sofia, a heavy penalty is waiting for you". Due to the incident, Rotaru did not perform in Ukraine until the end of the 1990s, after a personal request by the President of Ukraine Leonid Kuchma.[31] At the same time, Rotaru prepared a new concert program, presented to the public in 1991.

1991–2004: New times

After the collapse of the USSR[32] and commercialisation of post-Soviet music, Rotaru has kept her top position in the market and has a stable public, including the Russian speaking diaspora in Europe, USA, Australia and Israel. In 2000 Rotaru was named the Best Ukrainian Pop Singer of the Twentieth Century. In 2001 Rotaru performed in a new solo concert program Zhyzn' moya – moya lyubov' (My Life Is My Love). The programme blended new songs with the hits of the previous years in a new manner. In 2002 Sofia Rotaru was awarded the title "Hero of Ukraine".

After the death of her husband in 2002, and the loss of her parents, Rotaru stopped touring for a period and joined a

nunnery.[33]
Following several months of mourning, Rotaru resumed her concert and recording activities and topped the Russian, Ukrainian and Moldavian charts again.

A new period started in 2003 with performances in the Koncertny Zal "Rossiya" of Moscow, dedicated to the opening of her statue in front of the hall. Composers working with Rotaru included Ruslan Kvinta ("Odna kalyna"), Oleg Makarevič ("Bely tanets") and

Yedynomu (For the Only One, 2003; with new songs and arrangements in Ukrainian and Moldavian/Romanian languages), dedicated to the memory of her late husband ("Nebo – eto ya" ("Heaven – It's Me", 2004), and "Ya zhe yego lyubila
" ("Didn't I Love Him", 2005).

2007–2016: 60th Birthday

In 2007, she celebrated her 60th birthday. Hundreds of fans, as well as artists and politicians, came to Yalta to congratulate the singer. The President of Ukraine awarded Sofia Rotaru with the II Degree Order for Merits. Her official reception and birthday party took place at the Livadia Palace in Yalta, in the presence of the President of Russia, the President of Ukraine and the President of Moldova.[34] The event was covered live by Ukrainian and Russian state TV channels. Celebrations for her birthday continued into September in Sochi, where one of the young performers' music festival days, called "Five Stars", was dedicated to Rotaru. In October 2007, more birthday concerts took place in Moscow, at the State Grand Kremlin Palace, featuring Russian singers performing her songs.[35] 2006 and 2007 were busy for Rotaru. Three albums were released: Tuman (Fog) in Eastern Europe, and two albums exclusively for the German market, Serdtse ty moë (You Are My Heart) and Kakaya na serdtse pogoda (What's the Weather Like in the Heart). The year included participation in numerous TV shows and concert programmes and a documentary made for Ukrainian TV. A Russian Anniversary Tour lasted from March until June 2007. Another TV musical show, Krasota Trebuet (Beauty Requires), with Rotaru singing the song "Lavanda" ("Lavender"), premiered on 8 March 2008.[27]

Anniversary Tour (2012 – 2013)

2017–present

In 2022, she condemned the Russian Invasion of Ukraine.

Politics

"Rodina" (Motherland) (original version)
"Rodina", a controversial song by Rotaru
Problems playing this file? See media help.

Rotaru does not support any particular political ideology. Nevertheless, her multicultural identity has both helped and harmed her. Soviet authorities, persecuting her family for celebrating Christmas,

Wer Liebe sucht" (Who's Looking for Love) ("Deine Zärtlichkeit" (Your Tenderness), "Es muss nicht sein" (It Mustn't Be), and "Nachts, wenn die Nebel ziehen" (At Night When the Fog Spreads) in German, Ariola
proposed releasing a larger studio album with these and other songs in French and English, and launching a concert tour in Western Europe.

However, a directive came from the Soviet government (Goskontsert)[37] to sing only Soviet songs. Thus, only the initial single was released "Deine Zärtlichkeit". The concert administration of the USSR prohibited her from leaving the USSR between 1983 and 1988. This interdiction was put in effect after the 1983 tour in Canada and the release of her Canadian Tour 1983 album.[37]

During the

Russian citizenship following Russia's annexation of the peninsula.[38]

Personal life

Aurica, Sofia's younger sister, has also performed professionally, combining a solo career with performances as a back-up vocalist, as well as dueting with sisters Lidia and Eugenia. In 1992, Aurica ended her singing career. Sofia's husband, Anatoliy Kyrylovich Yevdokymenko (1941–2002), was a People's Artist of Ukraine. He was the son of a conductor from

University of Chernivtsi and a trumpeter in the student pop orchestra, he helped Rotaru discover the pop orchestra.

I rather owe my coming into being as a singer and, probably, my personality, to those women with whom I worked in the village. It is really from them that I learned to understand the meaning of life. I received help – simple and magnanimous – from them in difficult times.[39]

Singing in different languages caused fierce arguments about which culture Rotaru identifies with: Moldavian/Romanian, Ukrainian, or Russian.

Discography

Main article: Sofia Rotaru discography

Awards

Rotaru is a Meritorious Citizen of

order
, "For merits before the Nation".

She is an Honorary Citizen of

Chisinau, Moldova[40]

Awards
Slavianski Bazaar
Preceded by
Through Art - to Peace and Understanding[41]

2007
Sofia Rotaru 		Succeeded by
Golden Orpheus
Preceded by First Prize
1973
Sofia Rotaru 		Succeeded by
1974
Sergei Zakharov/Nereida Naranjo
Muz-TV Music Awards
Preceded by Contribution to pop music development
2004
Sofia Rotaru 		Succeeded by

See also

References

  1. ^ "Sofia Rotaru" (in Russian). biograph.ru.
  2. ^ "Sofia Rotaru profile" (in Russian). vogue.ru. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  3. ^ a b "Sofia Rotaru Moya Krestnaya" (in Russian). www.senat.org. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  4. ^ Прасковья Нечаева. Бессмертная тень великих душ (in Russian). Archived from the original on 16 August 2011.
  5. ^ "Новости дня на сайте podrobnosti.ua". podrobnosti.ua. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  6. ^ Софию Ротару наградили высшим церковным орденом. Твой день (in Russian). 3 May 2007. Archived from the original on 16 May 2007. Retrieved 1 March 2008.
  7. ^ "София Ротару стала лидером 100 самых популярных исполнителей". 2004. Archived from the original on 28 June 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2008.
  8. ^ "Россияне любят больше всего Софию Ротару". 2005. Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2008.
  9. ^ "Самый популярный певец России". 2006. Archived from the original on 26 August 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2008.
  10. ^ Profile, rma.ru; accessed 9 July 2015. (in Russian)
  11. ^ Profile, segodnya.ua; accessed 9 July 2015. (in Ukrainian)
  12. ^ "Sofia Rotaru declared highest earning celeb in Ukraine in 2008". Деньги.ua, ООО ИД Украинский Медиа Холдинг. 20 July 2008. Retrieved 23 July 2008.
  13. ^ The Russian News & Information Agency RIA Novosti (18 July 2008). Ротару задекларировала самые высокие доходы в Украине за 2008 год [Sofia Rotaru declared highest earning celeb in Ukraine in 2008] (in Ukrainian). Kyiv: RIA Novosti Ukraine. RIA Novosti. p. 1. Retrieved 18 July 2009. Народная артистка Украины София Ротару задекларировала самые высокие доходы за 2008 год, сообщил заместитель председателя государственной налоговой администрации Украины Сергей Лекарь на брифинге в пятницу. При этом, он не уточнил задекларированную сумму, но добавил, что наибольший доход значительно превышает 500 миллионов (гривен) (около 100 миллионов долларов).
  14. ^ Staff (28 July 2008). Евроремонт для "Евровидения" [Sofia Rotaru declared highest earning celeb in Ukraine in 2008] (in Russian). Moscow: Журнал «Деньги» № 29 (684). Kommersant. p. 1. Retrieved 11 November 2009. Певица София Ротару задекларировала самые высокие доходы на Украине за 2007 год, сообщил заместитель председателя государственной налоговой администрации Украины Сергей Лекарь. Он не уточнил задекларированную сумму, но отметил, что доход народной артистки Украины "значительно превышает 500 млн гривен" (около $100 млн). Также он сообщил, что по итогам прошлого года 360 украинцев задекларировали доход более 10 млн гривен (около $2 млн). Подобные декларации за 2006 год подали 200 граждан Украины. Более 1 млрд гривен дохода за прошлый год на Украине никто официально не получил. Зампред государственной налоговой администрации отметил, что высокие доходы декларируют футболисты, боксеры, артисты.
  15. ^ [1] Archived 2 October 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ "Фокус: 25 самых успешных и дорогих звезд украинского шоу-бизнеса и спорта /". Vlasti.net. 28 December 2015. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
  17. ^ [2] Archived 13 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ a b Presidential decree bestowing "Hero of Ukraine" on Rotaru, zakon.rada.gov.ua; accessed 4 January 2016.
  19. ^ "Ротару откроет в Ялте гостиницу "София"". Interfax.ru. 28 March 2008. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  20. ^ "Sofia Rotaru, la 65 de ani: "Am făcut mămăligă!"". Apropo Magazin (in Romanian). 14 August 2012. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
  21. ^ "Sofia Rotaru a venit în Republica Moldova împreună cu sora ei" (in Romanian). apropomagazin.md. 22 May 2014. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
  22. ^ Aurel V. Zgheran (5 August 2013). "Cântecul rămâne cu ea!". Jurnal de Chișinău (in Romanian). Retrieved 26 March 2015.
  23. ^ "Подвиг народа". www.podvignaroda.ru. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  24. ^ "Sofia Rotaru – International United Biographical Centre". 7 October 2006. Retrieved 22 February 2008.
  25. ^ "Россияне больше всех певиц любят Софию Ротару, а москвичи - Валерию, Жанну Фриске и Алсу, Вокруг света". www.russianamerica.com. Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  26. ^ a b c d e "Три мифа о Софии Ротару". www.aif.ru. 6 March 2002. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  27. ^
    IMDb
    . Retrieved 4 January 2016.
  28. ^ "Россияне больше всех певиц любят Софию Ротару, а москвичи - Валерию, Жанну Фриске и Алсу, Вокруг света". www.peoples.ru. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  29. ^ Sofia Rotaru: Canadian Tour 1983. Cansov Exchange Inc., Toronto, 1983
  30. ^ "Самый популярный певец России". Archived from the original on 26 August 2011. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  31. ^ «Тадж-махал» Archived 2012-08-02 at the Wayback Machine
  32. ^ "ПЕСНЯ ГОДА. 1985-87". pesnyagoda.my1.ru. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  33. ^ "Sofia Rotaru went twice to monastery". 7 August 2007. Retrieved 22 February 2008.
  34. ^ "КАРАВАН ЛЮБВИ". www.karavanlubvirotaru.narod.ru. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  35. ^ "София Ротару". sofiarotaru.blog.cz. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  36. ^ Soviet authorities persecute Rotaru for celebrating Christmas, kp.ru; accessed 27 June 2015.
  37. ^ a b Profile, newlookmedia.ru; accessed 27 June 2015.
  38. ^ Rotaru refuses Russian citizenship, rosbalt.ru; accessed 21 June 2015.(in Russian)
  39. ^ "Sofia Rotaru has been almost excluded from pioneers for singing". 7 August 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  40. ^ Dorin Chirtoacă i-a înmânat Sofiei Rotaru însemnele de cetățean de onoare al Chișinăului, unimedia.info; accessed 27 June 2015 (in Moldovan)
  41. ^ "Contrasts of "Slavianski Bazaar"". 13 July 2007. Archived from the original on 25 March 2008. Retrieved 22 May 2008.

External links

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