Jat Muslim: Difference between revisions

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→‎Notable people: mentioned as a "zutt" not as a Jat muslim. The onus to prove that they are same lies in you
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==Notable people==
==Notable people==
*[[Abd al-Rahman al-Awza'i]] (707–774), Islamic scholar and eponymous founder of the [[Awza'i|ʾAwzāʿī]] [[Madhhab|school of Sunni jurisprudence]]<ref name=awzai/>
*[[Abd al-Rahman al-Awza'i]] (707–774), Islamic scholar and eponymous founder of the [[Awza'i|ʾAwzāʿī]] [[Madhhab|school of Sunni jurisprudence]]<ref name=awzai/>
*[[Al-Sari ibn al-Hakam|Al-Sari ibn al-Hakam ibn Yusuf Al-Zutti]] (d.820), [[List of rulers of Islamic Egypt|emir of Egypt]]<ref name=zutti/>
*[[Saadullah Khan (Mughal Empire)|Nawab Sa'adullah Khan]] (1591–1656), the [[List of Mughal grand viziers|Mughal Grand Vizier]]<ref name="Journal of Central Asia 1992 p.84 "/>
*[[Saadullah Khan (Mughal Empire)|Nawab Sa'adullah Khan]] (1591–1656), the [[List of Mughal grand viziers|Mughal Grand Vizier]]<ref name="Journal of Central Asia 1992 p.84 "/>
*[[Ali Mohammed Khan|Nawab Ali Muhammed Khan]] (1707–1748), the founder of the [[kingdom of Rohilkhand]] and [[Rohilla dynasty]]<ref name="Irvine 1971 p.118 "/>
*[[Ali Mohammed Khan|Nawab Ali Muhammed Khan]] (1707–1748), the founder of the [[kingdom of Rohilkhand]] and [[Rohilla dynasty]]<ref name="Irvine 1971 p.118 "/>

Revision as of 14:21, 11 September 2023

Jat Muslim
Regions with significant populations
Gujars • Med people • Baloch

Jat Muslim or Musalman Jat (

Jat people, who are followers of Islam and are native to the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent.[1] They are found primarily throughout the Sindh and Punjab regions of Pakistan,[2][3] with a small population in Afghanistan.[4] Jats began converting to Islam from the early Middle Ages onward and constitute a distinct subgroup within the diverse community of Jat people.[5]

History

They were earliest people in the Indian subcontinent to have interacted with the Muslims as multiple trading communities of Jats already existed in the

Sahih Al-Bukhari that prophet Muhammad described prophet Musa as "Musa was of brown complexion, straight hair and tall stature as if he was from the people of Az-Zutt [Jats]".[8] Jats fought against the Muslims in the battle of Chains in 634[9] and later also fought on the side of Ali in the Battle of the Camel in 656 under their chief, Ali B. Danur.[10]

When

Abbasid caliphate under their leader Muhammad ibn Uthman in the lower Iraq. The rebellion later came to be known as Zutt Rebellion. The rebels were defeated and deported to the village of Al-Zaffaraniya at the Arab-Byzantine border.[18] In 907, a Zutt[21] Ismaili da'i Abu Hatim al-Zutti became active in the region. His followers were called Baqliyya, a sub-sect of Qarmatians, who staged multiple uprisings against the Abbasids in south Iraq.[22] Afterwards, Jats lost their distinct identity in the Mesopotamia that they had previously,[18] probably merging with the Marsh Arabs of Iraq.[23]

Most Jats clans of western Punjab have traditions that they accepted Islam at the hands of

Sufi saints of Punjab. Critically, the process of conversion was said to have been a much slower process.[24]

In the following centuries, Muslim Jats continued their migration towards

Mughal empire was established in 1525, they had transitioned from a nomadic lifestyle to a purely farming one. During the era of Mughals there appears to be a little change in their position, with one Nawab Sa'adullah Khan even serving as the Grand Vizier from 1645 to 1656.[25] After the decline of Mughal empire, many communities rose to into revolt. One of them were Afghan Rohillas, who had settled into Rohilkhand by then in large numbers. Their dynasty, the Rohilla dynasty (1714–1774) descended from Nawab Ali Muhammed Khan, who was a Jat[26][27][28] boy of age eight when he was adopted by the chief of the Barech tribe, Sardar Daud Khan Rohilla.[27] Due to the role he played in the establishment of Rohilkhand and in the general history of Rohillas, he gained recognition as a Rohilla chief, however, he was not Afghan by birth.[citation needed] Although the Rohillas lost their kingdom after the first Rohilla War in 1774, Faizullah Khan, son of Ali Mohammed Khan, managed to become Nawab of princely state of Rampur. The Kalhoras (1701–1783) of Sindh were also probably from Channa tribe,[29] a sub-division of Jats.[30]

Social organization

In the plains of Punjab, there are many communities of Jat, some of whom had converted to Islam by the 18th century. Those clans that converted to Islam remained in what is now

Pakistani Punjab after Partition. In Pakistan, most Jats are land-owning agriculturalists, and they form one of the numerous ethnic group in Sindh.[3][31][need quotation to verify
]

Jats had a strong presence in Balochistan before the Baloch migrations in the medieval ages. The modern Baloch tribes of

Babbar, Gurchani, Lanjwani, Kolachi, Zardari and Dodai descend directly from the Jats of Balochistan
.

Jats, together with the Rajputs and Gujjars, are the dominant ethnically-Punjabi and religiously-Islamic tribes settled in the regions comprising eastern Pakistan.[32]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ISBN 978-1-136-19680-5
    .
  2. ^ Jat caste on Encyclopedia Britannica website Retrieved 9 November 2020
  3. ^
    OCLC 61512448
    .
  4. ^ JĀT, Encyclopædia Iranica
  5. OCLC 473757308
    .
  6. ISBN 978-0-391-04125-7
    . Retrieved 2 August 2022.
  7. ISBN 978-0-391-04173-8
    .
  8. ^ Al-Bukhari, Abu-`Abdullah Muhammad-Bin-Isma`il (7 August 2022). Encyclopedia of Sahih Al-Bukhari. Arabic Virtual Translation Center. As it is explained later in the book, Zutt (Jat): a group of people originally came from India and settled in Iraq. They are characterized by having tall, dark, and thin bodies.
  9. ^ Abdulla, Ahmed (1987). An Observation: Perspective of Pakistan. Tanzeem Publishers. p. 137.
  10. ISBN 978-3-447-03652-8
    .
  11. ^
    ISBN 978-1-61640-534-2
    .
  12. OCLC 48837811
    .
  13. ^ "Zuṭṭ | people". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
  14. ISBN 978-3-447-03652-8
    .
  15. ISBN 978-90-04-09249-5
    . Some Jat freemen became famous in the Islamic world , as for instance Abu Hanifa ( 699-767 ? )
  16. ISBN 978-90-04-42271-1
    . ...Abu Hanifa (699–767), the founder of the Hanafi school of law, who was of Jat stock, most likely descending from those early prisoners sent to Iraq.
  17. ^ a b Isḥāq, Muḥammad (1955). India's Contribution to the Study of Hadith Literature. University of Dacca. p. 199.
  18. ^
    ISBN 978-0-7914-9721-0
    .
  19. ^ Beg, Muhammad Abdul Jabbar (1981). Social Mobility in Islamic Civilization: The Classical Period : Y Muhammad Abdul Jabbar Beg. University of Malaya Press. p. 171. For instance , al - Sari b . alHakam b . Yusuf al - Zutti " was a governor of Egypt in 200-205 H./815-820 A.D. There were two other reported cases of social mobility among the Zutt people .
  20. ISBN 978-0-521-47137-4
    .
  21. ISBN 978-0-315-20821-6
    .
  22. ISBN 978-0-8108-7970-6
    .
  23. ISBN 978-90-04-09249-5
    .
  24. OCLC 48837811
    .
  25. ^ a b Journal of Central Asia. Centre for the Study of the Civilizations of Central Asia, Quaid-i-Azam University. 1992. p. 84. Retrieved 30 July 2022. Sadullah Khan was the son of Amir Bakhsh a cultivator of Chiniot . He belonged to a Jat family. He was born on Thursday , the 10th Safar 1000 A.H./1591 A.C.
  26. ^ a b Irvine, W. (1971). Later Mughal. Atlantic Publishers & Distri. p. 118. Retrieved 30 July 2022. Once Daud was sent against the village of Bankauli, in pargana Chaumahla, with which his employer was at feud. Along with the plunder taken on this occasion Daud obtained possession of a Jat boy seven or eight years of age, whom he caused to be circumcised and then adopted under the name of Ali Muhammad Khan.
  27. ^ a b Ḥusain, M.; Pakistan Historical Society (1957). A History of the Freedom Movement: 1707-1831. A History of the Freedom Movement: Being the Story of Muslim Struggle for the Freedom of Hind-Pakistan, 1707-1947. Pakistan Historical Society. p. 304. Retrieved 30 July 2022. Amongst other prisoners he obtained a young Jat boy of eight years . Daud took a fancy to him and adopted him as his son and named him ' Ali Muhammad Khan.
  28. ISBN 978-90-04-10109-8
    . Most of the contemporary sources, however, call him a Jat or an Ahir.
  29. ^ Brohī, ʻAlī Aḥmad (1998). The Temple of Sun God: Relics of the Past. Sangam Publications. p. 175. Kalhoras a local Sindhi tribe of Channa origin...
  30. ISBN 978-0-391-04125-7
    . Retrieved 2 August 2022. Samma, Sahtah, Chand(Channa)....which appear, at least in the Muslim sources, to be subdivisions of the Jats or to be put on a par with the Jats.
  31. ^ Sumaira Jajja (29 December 2013). "When it comes to 'I do', the cult of clans matter". Dawn (newspaper). Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  32. OCLC 56646546
    .
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