Storting
This article needs to be updated. The reason given is: Information about the organization (like committee leadership) and parliamentary leaders is outdated. Changes should reflect the parliamentary election in 2021 and the change of government.(May 2022) |
Parliament of Norway Stortinget | |
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Government (76)
Opposition (93)
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Committees |
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Elections | |
Parliament of Norway Building Oslo, Norway | |
Website | |
stortinget | |
Constitution | |
Constitution of Norway |
The Storting (
The assembly is led by a president and, since 2009, five vice presidents: the
Following the
History
The parliament in its present form was
As oral laws became codified and Norway unified as a geopolitical entity in the 10th century, the lagtings ("law things") were established as superior regional assemblies. During the mid-13th century, the by then archaic regional assemblies, the
The
World War II
On 27 June 1940 the presidium signed an appeal to King Haakon, seeking his abdication.
In September 1940 the representatives were summoned to Oslo, and voted in favour of the results of the negotiations between the presidium and the authorities of the German invaders.[4] (92 voted for, and 53 voted against.)[4] However, directives from Adolf Hitler resulted in the obstruction of "the agreement of cooperation between parliament and [the] occupation force".[4]
Qualified unicameralism (1814–2009)
The Storting has always been de jure
Bills were submitted by the Government to the Odelsting or by a member of the Odelsting; members of the Lagting were not permitted to propose legislation by themselves. A standing committee, with members from both the Odelsting and Lagting, would then consider the bill, and in some cases hearings were held. If passed by the Odelsting, the bill would be sent to the Lagting for review or revision. Most bills were passed unamended by the Lagting and then sent directly to the king for royal assent. If the Lagting amended the Odelsting's draft, the bill would be sent back to the Odelsting. If the Odelsting approved the Lagting's amendments, the bill would be signed into law by the King.[7] If it did not, then the bill would return to the Lagting. If the Lagting still proposed amendments, the bill would be submitted to a plenary session of the Storting. To be passed, the bill required the approval of a two-thirds majority of the plenary session. In all other cases a simple majority would suffice.[8] Three days had to pass between each time a chamber voted on a bill.[7] In all other cases, such as taxes and appropriations, the Storting would meet in plenary session.
A proposal to amend the constitution and abolish the Odelsting and Lagting was introduced in 2004 and was passed by the Storting on 20 February 2007 (159–1 with nine absentees).[9] It took effect with the newly elected Storting in 2009.[10]
Number of seats
The number of seats in the Storting has varied over the years. In 1882 there were 114 seats, increasing to 117 in 1903, 123 in 1906, 126 in 1918, 150 in 1921, 155 in 1973, 157 in 1985, 165 in 1989, and 169 as of 2005.
Procedure
Legislative
The legislative procedure goes through five stages. First, a bill is introduced to parliament either by a member of government or, in the case of a private member's bill, by any individual representative. Parliament will refer the bill to the relevant standing committee, where it will be subjected to detailed consideration in the committee stage. The first reading takes place when parliament debates the recommendation from the committee, and then takes a vote. If the bill is dismissed, the procedure ends. The second reading takes place at least three days after the first reading, in which parliament debates the bill again. A new vote is taken, and if successful, the bill is submitted to the
Royal assent
Once the bill has reached the King in Council, the bill must be signed by the
Articles 77–79 of the Norwegian constitution specifically grant the King of Norway the right to withhold Royal Assent from any bill passed by the Storting.
"If a Bill has been passed unaltered by two sessions of the Storting, constituted after two separate successive elections and separated from each other by at least two intervening sessions of the Storting, without a divergent Bill having been passed by any Storting in the period between the first and last adoption, and it is then submitted to the King with a petition that His Majesty shall not refuse his assent to a Bill which, after the most mature deliberation, the Storting considers to be beneficial, it shall become law even if the Royal Assent is not accorded before the Storting goes into recess."[11]
Organisation
Constitution |
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Norway portal |
Presidium
The presidium is chaired by the President of the Storting, consisting of the president and five vice presidents of the Storting. The system with five vice presidents was implemented in 2009. Before this there was a single holder of the office.[12][13]
Position | Representative | Party |
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President | Masud Gharahkhani | Labour |
First Vice President | Svein Harberg | Conservative |
Second Vice President | Nils T. Bjørke | Centre |
Third Vice President | Morten Wold | Progress |
Fourth Vice President | Kari Henriksen | Labour |
Fifth Vice President | Ingrid Fiskaa | Socialist Left |
Standing committees
The members of parliament are allocated into twelve
Committee | Chair | Chair's party |
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Business and Industry | Geir Pollestad | Centre |
Education, Research and Church Affairs |
Roy Steffensen | Progress |
Energy and the Environment | Ketil Kjenseth | Liberal |
Family and Cultural Affairs | Kristin Ørmen Johnsen | Conservative |
Finance and Economic Affairs | Mudassar Kapur | Conservative |
Foreign Affairs and Defence | Anniken Huitfeldt | Labour |
Health and Care Services | Geir Jørgen Bekkevold | Christian Democratic |
Justice | Lene Vågslid | Labour |
Labour and Social Affairs | Erlend Wiborg | Progress |
Local Government and Public Administration | Karin Andersen | Socialist Left |
Scrutiny and Constitutional Affairs | Dag Terje Andersen | Labour |
Transport and Communications | Helge Orten | Conservative |
Other committees
There are four other committees, that run parallel to the standing committees. The
The Election Committee consists of 37 members, and is responsible for internal elections within the parliament, as well as delegating and negotiating party and representative allocation within the presidium, standing committees, and other committees. The Preparatory Credentials Committee has 16 members and is responsible for approving the election.
Appointed agencies
Five public agencies are appointed by parliament rather than by the government. The
Administration
Parliament has an administration of about 450 people, led by Director of the Storting Marianne Andreassen, who assumed office in 2018. She also acts as secretary for the presidium.[15]
Party groups
Each party represented in parliament has a party group. It is led by a board and chaired by a parliamentary leader. It is customary for the party leader to also act as parliamentary leader, but since party leaders of government parties normally sit as ministers, governing parties elect other representatives as their parliamentary leaders. The table reflects the results of the September 2021 election.
Party | Seats | Parliamentary leader |
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Labour Party |
48 | Rigmor Aasrud[16] |
Centre Party | 28 | Marit Arnstad[17] |
Conservative Party |
36 | Erna Solberg (also party leader)[18] |
Progress Party | 21 | Sylvi Listhaug[19] |
Socialist Left Party | 13 | Kirsti Bergstø (also party leader)[20] |
Red Party | 8 | Marie Sneve Martinussen (also party leader)[21] |
Liberal Party |
8 | Terje Breivik[22] |
Green Party |
3 | Arild Hermstad (also party leader)[23] |
Christian Democratic Party | 3 | Hans Fredrik Grøvan[24] |
Patient Focus | 1 | Irene Ojala (also party leader)[25] |
Elections
Members to the Storting are elected based on
The
Unlike most other parliaments, the Storting always serves its full four-year term; the Constitution does not allow snap elections. Substitutes for each deputy are elected at the same time as each election, so by-elections are rare.
Norway switched its parliamentary elections from single-member districts decided by two-round run-offs to multi-member districts with proportional representation in 1919.[27][28]
Historical composition of the Storting
Norway parliamentary election (since 1921 - proportional election)
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1921 |
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1924 |
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1927 |
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1930 |
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1933 |
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1936 |
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1945 |
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1949 |
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1953 |
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1957 |
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1961 |
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1965 |
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1969 |
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1973 |
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1977 |
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1981 |
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1985 |
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1989 |
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1993 |
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1997 |
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2001 |
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2005 |
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2009 |
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2013 |
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2017 |
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2021 |
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Members
The parliament has 169 members. If a member of parliament cannot serve (for instance because he or she is a member of the cabinet), a deputy representative serves instead. The deputy is the candidate from the same party who was listed on the ballot immediately behind the candidates who were elected in the last election.
In the
1980s–present
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 1981–1985
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 1985–1989
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 1989–1993
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 1993–1997
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 1997–2001
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 2001–2005
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 2005–2009
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 2009–2013
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 2013–2017
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 2017–2021
- List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 2021–2025
Code of conduct
Building
Since 5 March 1866, parliament has met in the Parliament of Norway Building at Karl Johans gate 22 in Oslo. The building was designed by the Swedish architect Emil Victor Langlet and is built in yellow brick with details and basement in light gray granite. It is a combination of several styles, including inspirations from France and Italy. Parliament do also include offices and meeting rooms in the nearby buildings, since the Parliament building is too small to hold all the current staff of the legislature. The buildings in Akersgata 18, Prinsens Gate 26, Akersgata 21, Tollbugata 31 and Nedre Vollgate 18 also contains parliamentary staff and members of Parliament.
See also
References
- ^ Stortingsrepresentant ulovlig pågrepet Archived 19 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine, NTB, Dagens Næringsliv, 18 August 2016
- ^ Scandinavian Politics Today Archived 4 June 2020 at the Wayback Machine, David Arter, Manchester University Press, 1999, page 31
- ^ a b A Europe of Rights: The Impact of the ECHR on National Legal Systems Archived 10 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Helen Keller, Alec Stone Sweet, Oxford University Press, 2008, page 210
- ^ a b c d e Tor Bomann-Larsen (14 March 2014). "Stortinget hvitvasker sin krigshistorie". Aftenposten. Archived from the original on 20 March 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
- ^ "Stortingets presidentskap". Archived from the original on 24 March 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
- ^ "Ivar Lykke". Archived from the original on 24 March 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
- ^ a b Norway and the Norwegians, Robert Gordon Latham, Richard Bentley, 1840, page 89
- ^ Political Systems Of The World Archived 23 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine, J Denis Derbyshire and Ian Derbyshire, Allied Publishers, page 204
- ^ Historical Dictionary of Norway Archived 22 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Jan Sjåvik, Scarecrow Press, 2008, page 191
- ^ Chronicle of Parliamentary Elections Archived 23 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Volume 43, International Centre for Parliamentary Documentation, 2009, page 192
- ^ a b "The Norwegian Constitution". The Storting information office. Retrieved on 12 April 2007. Archived 3 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Stortinget.no". 8 October 2009. Archived from the original on 16 October 2009. Retrieved 10 October 2009.
- ^ "Stortingets presidentskap". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 31 January 2020. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Representanter og komiteer". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 27 March 2008. Archived from the original on 13 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Stortingets direktør". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 10 April 2019. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Arbeiderpartiet (A)". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Senterpartiet (Sp)". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Høyre (H)". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 9 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Fremskrittspartiet (FrP)". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Sosialistisk Venstreparti (SV)". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Rødt (R)". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Venstre (V)". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 3 February 2020. Archived from the original on 9 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Miljøpartiet De Grønne (MDG)". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 7 February 2020. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Kristelig Folkeparti (KrF)". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Kristelig Folkeparti (KrF)". Stortinget (in Norwegian). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ ISBN 978-82-03-32852-7.
- ISSN 0007-1234.
- S2CID 157213679.
- ^ Plasseringen i stortingssalen Archived 27 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine (in Norwegian) Stortinget.no, a map of seating by county is also available Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Dustepolitikk". 28 February 2014. Archived from the original on 21 April 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2014.
External links
- Media related to Stortinget at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website (in English)
- Ekspert om opplysningsplikten: Slik er reglene for hva statsråder må fortelle i Stortinget [expert about opplysningsplikten (or obligation to disclose): Such are the rules for ministers, in regard to what (they) must tell Stortinget] (20 November 2020) Dagsavisen