Stylonuroidea
Stylonuroidea | |
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Fossil of Stylonurella, a parastylonurid. | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
Order: | †Eurypterida |
Suborder: | †Stylonurina |
Superfamily: | †Stylonuroidea Kjellesvig-Waering, 1959 |
Type species | |
†Stylonurus powriensis Page, 1856
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Families | |
Synonyms | |
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Stylonuroidea is an extinct superfamily of
Stylonuroidea, which lived from the
Description
Stylonuroids are designated as stylonurines with flattened or truncated posterior metastomata margins.[2] Of the four stylonurine superfamilies, the Stylonuroidea is the most poorly known. Whilst the topology of most stylonurine clades fit well with the stratigraphic record, Stylonuroidea is an exception in that the earliest record of the most derived genera (Ctenopterus and Laurieipterus) first appear at the same time as the earliest record of the most primitive genera (Parastylonurus and Stylonurella).[2]
Sweep-feeding strategies evolved independently in two of the four stylonurine superfamilies, the Stylonuroidea and the
Systematics and genera
Due to the majority of specimens being incomplete, the internal topology of the Stylonuroidea is among the least well-resolved and supported in the Stylonurina and the Eurypterida at large. This is mostly due to the poor fossil record of many of the genera included within the superfamily, for instance the single known specimen of Stylonurus powriensis lacks the anterior prosomal appendages and virtually all ventral structures. Similar situations can be seen in many specimens, such as Stylonurella spinipes not preserving the metastoma or pretelson and telson and Pagea sturrocki lacking all dorsal structures.[2]
The lack of fossil remains compounds the problem of the internal systematics. For instance, the family Parastylonuridae is likely paraphyletic but it is retained as it is due to the lack of complete specimens of the genera included within it, Parastylonurus and Stylonurella.[2]
Superfamily Stylonuroidea Kjellesvig-Waering, 1959
- Family Parastylonuridae Waterston, 1979
- Parastylonurus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966
- Stylonurella Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966
- Family Stylonuridae Diener, 1924
- Pagea Waterston, 1962
- Soligorskopterus Plax et al., 2018
- Stylonurus Page, 1856
- Subfamily Laurieipterinae Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966
- Ctenopterus Clarke & Ruedermann, 1912
- Laurieipterus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966
References
- ^ Størmer, L 1955. Merostomata. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part P Arthropoda 2, Chelicerata, P36. as Stylonuracea
- ^ .