TMEM81
TMEM81 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Identifiers | ||||||
Ensembl | ||||||
UniProt | ||||||
RefSeq (mRNA) | ||||||
RefSeq (protein) | ||||||
Location (UCSC) | Chr 1: 205.08 – 205.08 Mb | Chr 1: 132.43 – 132.44 Mb | ||||
PubMed search | [3] | [4] |
View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
Transmembrane Protein 81 or TMEM81 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM81 gene. TMEM81 is a poorly-characterized transmembrane protein which contains an extracellular immunoglobulin domain.[6]
Gene
TMEM81 is also known as HC3107, UNQ2788, KVLA2788,
The predicted promoter region (GXP_180875) for TMEM81 is 1158 bp long and extends from 205,084,360 to 205,085,517 on the reverse strand.[10]
Protein
The TMEM81 precursor peptide is 255
The protein contains a helical transmembrane region, an extracellular immunoglobulin domain, and an N-linked glycosylation site. A disulfide bridge is predicted to form between residues Cys104 and Cys156.[11]
Protein composition
The mature form (signal peptide removed) of TMEM81 has a slightly increased valine and somewhat decreased methionine composition relative to average proteins.[13] TMEM81 also contains three charge runs, each of which are three amino acids long:
Charge | Amino acids | Location |
---|---|---|
+ | Arg-Arg-Lys | 71–73 |
- | Asp-Asp-Glu | 131–133 |
+ | Lys-Lys-Lys | 221–223 |
Secondary structure
The extracellular region of TMEM81 is predicted to be composed of
In predication results given above, blue indicates beta strands while red indicates alpha helices. Color saturation is proportional to the confidence of the predication.
Tertiary structure
The
Post-translational modifications
Experimental evidence has been found for an N-glycosylation site located at Asn45 indicating that TMEM81 is a glycoprotein.[14] Several tyrosine residues within TMEM81 have been predicted to undergo sulfation.[17]
Subcellular location
TMEM81 is predicted to be localized to the
Expression
Expression in humans
Expression in rodents
In mice (M. musculus) and
TMEM81 shows monoallelic expression in both H. sapiens and M. musculus.[24]
Protein expression
In both H. sapiens and M. musculus, TMEM81 is present at a concentration of just under 1 ppm.[25][26] Relative to other proteins, TMEM81 is present at slightly below the median protein concentration level.
Clinical Significance
Cancer
The 1q32.1 region showed copy number gain with a frequency of 68.9% in a study of 46
Homology
No
Taxonomic name | Common name | Date of divergence (mya)[33] | NCBI Accession # | Length (aa) | Identity (%) [34] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | Human | 0 | NP_976310 | 255 | 100 |
Mus musculus | Mouse | 89 | NP_083301.1 | 259 | 69.8 |
Tursiops truncatus | Dolphin | 94 | XP_019773842.1 | 251 | 81.4 |
Loxodonta africana | Elephant | 102 | XP_023404078.1 | 276 | 70.6 |
Ornithorhynchus anatinus | Platypus | 180 | XP_001507541.1 | 281 | 54.4 |
Aptenodytes forsteri | Penguin | 318 | XP_009271191.1 | 264 | 45.7 |
Notechis scutatus | Snake | 318 | XP_026532625.1 | 241 | 41.9 |
Melopsittacus undulatus | Budgerigar | 318 | XP_005140927.2 | 297 | 36.9 |
Microcaecilia unicolor | Caecilian | 352 | XP_030077474.1 | 266 | 38.1 |
Latimeria chalumnae | Coelacanth | 414 | XP_005989300.1 | 254 | 34.4 |
Amphiprion ocellaris | Clownfish | 433 | XP_023128675.1 | 256 | 24.9 |
Rhincodon typus | Whale shark | 465 | XP_020374416.1 | 257 | 29.2 |
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000174529 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000048174 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "I-TASSER (Iterative Threading ASSEmbly Refinement". Zhang Lab.
- ^ a b c d "TMEM81". GeneCards. Weizmann Institute of Science.
- ^ "Symbol report for TMEM81". GeneNames. HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC).
- ^ "TMEM81". BioCyc. SRI International.
- ^ "Gene: TMEM81". Ensembl Genome Browser. European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI).
- ^ "Genomes and Annotation: ElDorado". Genomatix Software Suite. Genomatix GmbH. Archived from the original on 2016-06-02. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
- ^ a b "TMEM81 - Proteomics". neXtProt. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics.
- ^ "Protter". ETH Zurich Wollscheid Lab.
- ^ "Statistical Analysis of Protein Structure". European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI).
- ^ a b "Homo sapiens transmembrane protein 81 (TMEM81), mRNA". NCBI Nucleotide Database. National Center for Biotechnology Information. 12 December 2020.
- ^ "Ali2D". MPI Bioinformatics Toolkit. Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology.
- ^ "Phyre2". Protein Homology/analogY Recognition Engine V 2.0. Imperial College London.
- ^ "Sulfinator". Expasy. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics.
- ^ "TMEM81 Subcellular". The Human Protein Atlas. SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, KTH Royal Institute of Technology.
- ^ "Anti-TMEM81 antibody produced in rabbit". MilliporeSigma. Merck Group.
- ^ "Gene Page TMEM81". GTEx Portal. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard.
- ^ "Tmem81 transmembrane protein 81 [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]". NCBI Gene Database. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
- ^ "Tmem81 transmembrane protein 81 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]". NCBI Gene Database. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
- ^ "TMEM81 Brain". The Human Protein Atlas. SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, KTH Royal Institute of Technology.
- ^ "dbMAE". dbMAE: the database of autosomal monoallelic expression. Gimelbrant Lab.
- ^ "TMEM81 Homo sapiens protein". PAXdb: Protein Abundance Database. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich.
- ^ "Tmem81 Mus musculus protein". PAXdb: Protein Abundance Database. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich.
- PMID 29106553.
- PMID 24026423.
- ^ Campbell CA (2010). \Identification of a genetic contribution to Meniere's disease (Ph.D. thesis). University of Iowa, USA).
- PMID 20811667.
- S2CID 2024518.
- PMID 27458175.
- ^ "TimeTree". Temple University.
- ^ "Standard Protein BLAST". BLAST. National Center for Biotechnology Information.