Taj al-Muluk Buri
| Taj al-Muluk Buri تاج الملوك بوري | |
|---|---|
| Atabeg of Damascus | |
| Reign | 1128 – 1132 |
| Predecessor | Zahir ad-Din Toghtekin |
| Successor | Shams al-Mulk Isma'il |
| Born | Damascus, Syria |
| Died | 6 June 1132 Damascus, Syria |
| Burial | Damascus |
| Spouse | Zumurrud Khatun |
| Issue |
|
| Dynasty | Burid |
| Father | Toghtekin |
| Religion | Islam |
Taj al-Muluk Buri (
Biography
Buri is mentioned for the first time in 1099, when Duqaq sent him to take possession of Jableh, a town between Antioch and Tripoli which had rebelled against Fakhr al-Mulk ibn 'Ammar, qādī of Tripoli. Buri however acted as a despotic governor and the population appealed to Fakhr al-Mulk ibn 'Ammar, who captured him. Buri was however treated well and sent back to Damascus.[1]
In 1102,
In 1119, Buri led an army against king Baldwin II of Jerusalem, who had raided Adra'āt and halted him on a hill, where the Crusaders entrenched and stood against Buri's assault until he was crushed.[4] On 25 January 1126, Buri fought with his father against the Crusaders at the battle of Marj al-Saffar, but they were defeated by Baldwin II. The Franks suffered heavy losses, and could not march against Damascus, which was then largely undefended.[5]
Buri succeeded Toghtekin, uncontested, in February 1128. The following year, his vizier discovered an alleged plot set by the Assassins to deliver Damascus to the Crusaders. Baldwin II, who ignored that the plot had been brought to light, arrived with his army near Damascus and besieged it. The siege lasted until 5 December 1129, when the western troops were forced to retreat after heavy rains had turned the surroundings of the city into a marsh.[6][7] In 1129, Buri assassinated the pro-Nizari vizier Abu Ali Tahir ibn Sa'id al-Mazadaqani. A general attack on the Assassins of Damascus occurred during the subsequent chaotic disorders and 6,000 or 10,000 of them were slain by the militia and the mob.[7]
In 7 May 1131, two Assassins of Buri's personal guard, probably sent from Alamut for that purpose, tried to kill him, and he was severely wounded. Despite the care of Damascus' best physicians, he accelerated his convalescence. After riding a horse, his wound opened back, causing his death in 6 June 1132.[8][7]
He was married to
References
Citations
- ^ Grousset, René (1936). Histoire des croisades et du royaume franc de Jérusalem. pp. 257–268.
- ^ Grousset, René (1936). Histoire des croisades et du royaume franc de Jérusalem. p. 397.
- ^ EI (1913), p. 543.
- ^ Grousset, René (1936). Histoire des croisades et du royaume franc de Jérusalem. pp. 581–582.
- ^ Grousset, René (1936). Histoire des croisades et du royaume franc de Jérusalem. pp. 669–672.
- ^ Grousset, René (1936). Histoire des croisades et du royaume franc de Jérusalem. pp. 690–692.
- ^ ISBN 9780700705054.
- ISBN 978-2-290-11916-7.
Bibliography
- "Baalbek", Encyclopaedia of Islam: A Dictionary of the Geography, Ethnography, and Biography of the Muhammadan Peoples, 1st ed., Vol. I, Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1913, pp. 543–544, ISBN 9004082654.
- Grousset, René (1936). Histoire des croisades et du royaume franc de Jérusalem.
- ISBN 978-2-290-11916-7.
- Runciman, Steven. History of the Crusades.