Trapped in the Closet (South Park)
"Trapped in the Closet" | |
---|---|
South Park episode | |
Episode no. | Season 9 Episode 12 |
Directed by | Trey Parker (credited as John Smith) |
Written by | Trey Parker (credited as John Smith) |
Production code | 912 |
Original air date | November 16, 2005 |
"Trapped in the Closet" is the twelfth episode in the ninth season of the American animated television series South Park. The 137th episode of the series overall, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 16, 2005. In the episode, Stan joins Scientology in an attempt to find something "fun and free". After the discovery of his surprisingly high "thetan levels", he is recognized as the reincarnation of L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of the church. The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker, who was credited as John Smith.[1]
"Trapped in the Closet" generated significant controversy when a rebroadcast scheduled for March 15, 2006, was replaced by the episode "
"Trapped in the Closet" was nominated for an
Plot
Stan takes a free "personality test" offered by Scientologists on the street. After answering the questionnaire, Stan is informed that he is extremely depressed and therefore a perfect candidate for Scientology. They offer to help him for $240. Stan returns later and pays the Scientologists using money he had been saving for a bicycle. He is taken into an auditing room where an attendant reads his thetan levels using an E-meter. Stan has such a high reading that the Scientology headquarters is notified. There, the president of Scientology determines that Stan is a reincarnation of L. Ron Hubbard, Scientology's founder and prophet.[3]
Later that night, a group of Scientologists gather outside the Marsh house to celebrate Hubbard's "second coming". The president of Scientology arrives in a helicopter and talks with Stan's parents, who oppose Stan's participation. Randy sends Stan to his room, where he finds Tom Cruise waiting. When Stan comments that Cruise's acting is okay but not as good as others', Cruise despairs and locks himself in Stan's closet. He refuses to come out despite numerous requests to "come out of the closet"; several other celebrities, including John Travolta and R. Kelly, eventually join Cruise.
Downstairs, the church president tries to convince Stan's parents to allow their son to participate. He privately tells Stan the story of
The president introduces Stan to his followers. However, instead of presenting a new
Production
South Park had previously parodied Scientology in a spoof at the 2000 MTV Movie Awards.[8][9] The MTV short was titled "The Gauntlet" and included "John Travolta and the Church of Scientology" arriving in a spaceship to defeat Russell Crowe (as a gladiator) and attempt to recruit the boys into Scientology. Travolta, along with his fellow Scientologists, was depicted as a Psychlo, as he appeared in the film Battlefield Earth.[9] They had also made fun of Scientology in an earlier episode, titled "Super Best Friends", in which David Blaine formed his own cult, called "Blaintology".[10] Parker and Stone have acknowledged that this is meant to be a reference to Scientology.[11]
Parker stated that Isaac Hayes' membership had previously kept the show's creators from writing a full episode which parodies Scientology. However, the decision to ultimately produce a South Park episode satirizing Scientology was partially inspired by the friendship the show's creators have with Penn Jillette. Jillette was originally planning to do an episode of Bullshit! based on Scientology, but Showtime prohibited him from doing so to avoid the possibility of legal action from the Church of Scientology. Parker commented, "We're going, That's fucked up. And hearing other people say, 'You can't do that' – you can only say 'You can't do that' so many times to Matt and me before we're gonna do it. Finally, we just had to tell Isaac, 'Dude, we totally love working with you, and this is nothing personal, it's just we're South Park, and if we don't do this, we're belittling everything else we've ripped on.'"[12]
Although some questions were raised prior to the episode's screening about whether it was wise to take swipes at Cruise and Scientology, Comedy Central declared that it supported Stone and Parker. A Comedy Central spokesman told
During production on the episode,
Controversy
Isaac Hayes' departure
On March 13, 2006, a statement credited to Hayes, a Scientologist himself, announced that he was quitting the show because of the series' treatment of religion, saying, "There is a place in this world for satire, but there is a time when satire ends and intolerance and bigotry towards religious beliefs of others begins. Religious beliefs are sacred to people, and at all times should be respected and honored. As a civil rights activist of the past 40 years, I cannot support a show that disrespects those beliefs and practices."[18] The Guardian observed that the show had mocked most other religions, but that he drew the line at Scientology.[19] Later in an interview on CNN's Showbiz Tonight, Hayes added he did not see the episode itself, but was told about it.[20] In a separate interview, he reportedly said regarding Trey Parker and Matt Stone, "Guys, you have it all wrong. We're not like that. I know that's your thing, but get your information correct, because somebody might believe that shit, you know? But I understand what they're doing. I told them to take a couple of Scientology courses, and understand what we do."[21]
Responding to Hayes' departure, Stone asserted that "This is 100 percent having to do with his faith of Scientology... He has no problem—and he's cashed plenty of checks—with our show making fun of Christians." According to Stone, neither he nor Parker had "heard a peep out of Isaac in any way until we did Scientology. He wants a different standard for religions other than his own, and to me, that is where intolerance and bigotry begin."[22] Stone commented that "In 10 years and over 150 episodes of South Park, Isaac never had a problem with the show making fun of Christians, Muslims, Mormons and Jews. He got a sudden case of religious sensitivity when it was his religion featured on the show. To bring the civil rights struggle into this is just a non sequitur. Of course we will release Isaac from his contract and we wish him well."[23] According to a later commentary by Stone, prior to the episode's screening Hayes had asked the South Park creators to have Comedy Central pull the episode before it aired and not include it in the series DVD, which they refused.[24]
There were many conflicting stories as to the exact nature of Hayes' departure. Additional reasons given by Hayes ten months after the departure include "They didn't pay me enough", and "They weren't that nice".[25] In late 2007, reports emerged claiming that Hayes was in no condition to stay, because of a stroke he suffered in January.[26] According to a Fox News article, Hayes' agent Christina Kimball, herself a practicing Scientologist, was the source of the statements that Hayes quit South Park.[27] Stone lent support to this view in a 2007 interview with Rolling Stone, commenting that "There are reports that Isaac had a stroke and Scientology quit the show for him, and I believe it... It was a brutal, up-close, personal thing with Isaac. If you look at the timeline, something doesn't add up."[28] In a 2016 interview with The Hollywood Reporter alongside Stone and Parker, Hayes's son Isaac Hayes III confirmed that his father was disabled at the time of his resignation and that the decision must have come from one of his assistants, all of whom were Scientologists.[2] Due to the absence of Hayes, Chef was voiced in "The Return of Chef" using pre-recorded snippets of dialog from previous episodes. The character was written out of the series by a scene near the end of that episode in which he is struck by lightning, burned, impaled, and mauled to death by a mountain lion and a grizzly bear, before being resurrected as a Darth Vader-type being by that episode's villains.[29]
Tom Cruise parody
The creators used the ambiguity of "coming out of the closet", having Tom Cruise literally refusing to come out of Stan's closet, in a parody of rumors that Cruise was homosexual.[5] Cruise has a documented history of litigation against others involving rumors as to his sexuality, and some speculated whether Cruise could sue South Park.[5] Entertainment Weekly asked in December 2005 whether South Park was "cruisin' for a bruisin'" and wondered "how that sort of Cruise-bashing is going to go over with Park creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone's new bosses: Paramount Pictures just inked the dudes to a three-year deal. Other people with Paramount deals? Oh, just, you know, Tom Cruise. Should be one hell of a studio Christmas party".[30]
Concerns over possible litigation were raised in other countries where South Park is syndicated. The episode's planned screening on the UK's
Closetgate
This episode was scheduled to rebroadcast on March 15, 2006, on Comedy Central, but the broadcast was canceled without prior notice, and was replaced with "
The Washington Post reported that South Park fans "struck back", in March 2006, and threatened to boycott Mission: Impossible III until Comedy Central put "Trapped in the Closet" back on its schedule.[39] Melissa McNamara of CBS News later questioned whether this boycott hurt the Mission: Impossible III box office debut.[40] The South Park creators did not comment directly on Comedy Central's decision to pull the episode, reportedly because they had been told not to discuss the matter to avoid embarrassing Cruise.[33] Instead, they issued a statement through their lawyer on March 17, 2006, signing the statement, "Trey Parker and Matt Stone, servants of the dark lord Xenu".[41]
The
Cruise's representative responded to the controversy shortly after it broke, telling the Associated Press that the allegations of Cruise's involvement were "not true" and that "he never said that".[50] According to The Washington Post, Cruise's publicist asserted that "Tom had nothing to do with this matter. He's been promoting 'Mission: Impossible III' for the last six months. We have no clue where this came from."[13] Cruise himself addressed the allegations in an interview on ABC's Primetime in mid-April. When asked about whether he had been involved with stopping the rebroadcast on Comedy Central, Cruise stated, "First of all, could you ever imagine sitting down with anyone? I would never sit down with someone and question them on their beliefs. Here's the thing: I'm really not even going to dignify this. I honestly didn't really even know about it. I'm working, making my movie, I've got my family. I'm busy. I don't spend my days going, 'What are people saying about me?'"[51]
In April 2006, TelevisionWeek reported that fans had posted the episode in multiple locations on the internet.
On July 19, 2006, Comedy Central did air a rebroadcast of the episode at 10:00 Pacific Time[54][55] and did so again on July 23 at 11:00pm Eastern Time and on September 24 at 10:00 PM Eastern time. Stone stated "If they hadn't put this episode back on the air, we'd have had serious issues, and we wouldn't be doing anything else with them."[56] After the episode was scheduled to be rebroadcast, Parker and Stone were interviewed on CNN's Showbiz Tonight, where they stated that all of the controversy increased publicity for the episode.[57] Parker was quoted: "But it's really like a publicist couldn't have orchestrated this any better for us. You know what I mean? It's like it's been phenomenal. Tom Cruise has done more for South Park than anyone I think in the world."[57]
The episode was released in several DVDs, including South Park the Hits: Volume 1 and South Park: The Complete Ninth Season,[58] in contradiction with an alleged request by either the Church of Scientology or Cruise to never put the episode on DVD format.[54] The full episode is also available for viewing on the web site of South Park Digital Studios,[59] along with Parker and Stone's "mini-commentary" on it.
A few references have been made by the show and Comedy Central to Scientology as an aftermath of the controversy. On August 1, 2006, Comedy Central placed an advertisement in
The
Reception
In a review of South Park: The Complete Ninth Season, The Denver Post stated the jokes about Tom Cruise "work splendidly and reveal their depth on repeated viewings, much like the show in general."[64] IGN stated that "Perhaps the largest weakness of this season is that the most notorious episodes Best Friends Forever and Trapped in the Closet just don't carry the eye-popping impact that they did when they were ripped from the headlines", giving the DVD a rating of 7.0.[65] The San Francisco Chronicle wrote that Stone and Parker "probably hit their zenith when they made fun of Tom Cruise and Scientology".[54] An article in The Times wrote that South Park "infamously satirized" texts by L. Ron Hubbard "available only to Operating Thetans".[66] TV Guide ranked the episode #17 on its 2009 list of "TV's Top 100 Episodes of All Time".[67]
Analysis
An article in the Journal of the American Academy of Religion referred to the episode as a "scathing cartoon parody" of the Church of Scientology.[68] University of Delaware philosophy professor Richard Hanley analyzed the mythology of Scientology, as it relates to the episode "Trapped in the Closet", in his 2007 book South Park and Philosophy: Bigger, Longer, and More Penetrating.[69][70] Hanley called the Xenu story as presented in the episode, "utterly ridiculous".[69][70] Hanley went on to delve into a philosophical analysis of the "evidential weight" of popularity and tradition in determining the "robustness" of beliefs.[70]
Awards
The organization
Stone and Parker submitted the episode for an
Legacy
The scene where Cruise enters the closet is referenced in the South Park segment of the opening of the 58th Primetime Emmy Awards on August 27, 2006, in which Conan O'Brien is trying to get to the show, but suddenly appears in Stan's room in an animated form. Stan begins yelling at him as he runs into the nearby closet. Immediately following the entrance, he exits the closet and says, "There's someone else in there", referring to Cruise, and leaves the door open. Cruise then pops out and closes the door.[78]
There is a scene in the film
On February 8, 2013, while appearing on the
See also
References
- ^ a b "The 58th Primetime Emmy® Awards and Creative Arts Emmys Nominations: Creative Arts Emmys: Animated Program". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on September 29, 2006. Retrieved January 22, 2012.
- ^ a b Parker, Ryan (September 14, 2016). "Holy Shit, 'South Park' Is 20! Trey Parker, Matt Stone on Censors, Tom Cruise and Scientology's Role in Isaac Hayes Quitting". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved May 25, 2021.
- ^ a b Staff, Comedy Central Web site (November 16, 2006). "Things Scientologists Actually Believe". South Park. Comedy Central. Archived from the original on October 28, 2007. Retrieved October 20, 2007.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4051-6160-2.
- ^ a b c Hilden, Julie (December 6, 2005). "Could Tom Cruise Sue "South Park" For Suggesting He is Gay? And Even If He Could, Should He?". FindLaw. Archived from the original on August 13, 2006. Retrieved August 16, 2006.
- ^ TMZ Staff (July 6, 2006). ""South Park" Cruises to the Emmys". TMZ.com. Archived from the original on August 10, 2006. Retrieved August 16, 2006.
- ^ Chonin, Neva (March 26, 2006). "Cruise Control". San Francisco Chronicle. 2006 Hearst Communications Inc. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved October 20, 2007.
- ^ Ortega, Tony (September 27, 2001). "Sympathy For The Devil: Tory Bezazian was a veteran Scientologist who loved going after church critics. Until she met the darkest detractor of all". New Times Los Angeles.
- ^ MTV Movie Awards. MTV, Comedy Central.
- ^ de Moraes, Lisa (April 14, 2006). "Comedy Central Again Steals 'South Park' Thunder". The Washington Post. p. C01. Archived from the original on November 7, 2012. Retrieved October 21, 2007.
- ^ Episode Commentary on South Park: Season 5 DVD boxset.
- ^ "They Killed Kenny...And Revolutionized Comedy". men.style.com. Archived from the original on April 27, 2006. Retrieved November 4, 2006.
- ^ a b de Moraes, Lisa (March 18, 2006). "Everyone's in a Stew Over 'South Park' Chef". The Washington Post. The Washington Post Co. Archived from the original on November 7, 2012. Retrieved March 13, 2008.
- ^ "Hollywood, Interrupted Basks in the Glow of a South Park Emmy Nod". Hollywood, Interrupted. June 6, 2006. Archived from the original on September 9, 2007. Retrieved August 27, 2007.
- ^ Walker, Jesse (May 2004). "Switch and Bait. (Book Review)". American Spectator. Vol. 37, no. 4. pp. 60–1.
- ^ Staff (May 8, 2004). "Thrills, spills, perverts 'n' pills: catching Hollywood in the act". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on October 8, 2007. Retrieved October 21, 2007.
- ^ "IFC, R. Kelly Get 'Trapped in the Closet'". Zap2it. July 15, 2007. Archived from the original on December 31, 2008. Retrieved March 15, 2008.
- ^ "Scientologist Isaac Hayes quits 'South Park'". MSNBC. Associated Press. March 21, 2006. Archived from the original on September 27, 2012. Retrieved March 5, 2011.
- ^ Burkeman, Oliver (March 15, 2006). "Isaac Hayes quits South Park after it satirises Scientology". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on January 9, 2022. Retrieved March 6, 2007.
- ^ Morales, Lisa (March 17, 2006). "Everyone's in a Stew Over 'South Park' Chef". The Washington Post. p. 2. Archived from the original on November 7, 2012. Retrieved June 17, 2007.
- ^ "Isaac Hayes Interview". avclub.com. Archived from the original on October 25, 2006. Retrieved November 4, 2006.
- ^ "Scientologist Isaac Hayes Quits 'South Park'". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 16, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2008.
- ^ "Isaac quits Park over joke". New York Post. N.Y.P. Holdings, Inc. March 14, 2006.
- ^ "'South Park' Creators Fear 'Tom Cruise Stink'". Fox News. Internet Archive. Associated Press. July 14, 2006. Archived from the original on July 20, 2006. Retrieved July 29, 2012.
- The New York Post. January 24, 2007.
- ^ "Chef's Quitting Controversy". foxnews.com. March 20, 2006. Archived from the original on October 16, 2006. Retrieved November 4, 2006.
- ^ Friedman, Roger (March 22, 2006). "Bruce Willis Gets Lucky, But Not With Model". Fox News. foxnews.com. Archived from the original on January 6, 2007. Retrieved November 4, 2006.
- ^ Grigoriadis, Vanessa (March 22, 2007). "Still Sick, Still Wrong : For ten years, "South Park" has been the crudest, stupidest, most offensive show on television. And the funniest". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on June 22, 2007. Retrieved June 16, 2007.
- ^ Barger, Al (March 24, 2006). "TV Review: South Park 'The Return of Adam Livshits'". blogcritics.org. Archived from the original on June 24, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2006.
- ^ Pastorek, Whitney (December 2, 2005). "Closet Encounter: Is South Park cruisin' for a bruisin'?". Entertainment Weekly. Bell & Howell Information and Learning Company.
- ^ Casey, Marcus (February 16, 2006). "Australia braced for Tom Cruise and the closet". The Daily Telegraph (Sydney). News Corporation. Archived from the original on March 4, 2006. Retrieved March 13, 2008.
- ^ "Did 'South Park' Get Cruised?". zap2it.com. March 17, 2006. Archived from the original on March 22, 2006. Retrieved June 15, 2007.
- ^ a b "Cruise Control Scares 'Park'". New York Post. March 17, 2006.
- ^ Ebner, Mark (March 16, 2006). "Scientologist Tom Cruise Blackmails Viacom into Pulling the "Trapped in the Closet" Episode of South Park". Hollywood, Interrupted site. Rudius Media. Archived from the original on March 5, 2009.
- ^ a b Ryan, Joel (March 13, 2006). ""The Closet," the Controversy—and Cruise". E! Online. E! Entertainment Television, Inc. Archived from the original on August 29, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
- ^ O'Brien, Soledad; John Roberts (March 21, 2006). "Storms Blanket Midwest; Insurgents Launch Full-Scale Attack on Iraqi Police". American Morning. CNN. Archived from the original on June 14, 2020. Retrieved October 21, 2007.
- ^ Friedman, Roger (August 23, 2006). "Cruise Ambushed by 'Broke' Studio?". Fox News. Archived from the original on November 13, 2007. Retrieved October 18, 2007.
- ^ a b Blitzer, Wolf; Chris Lawrence; Abbi Tatton (May 20, 2006). "Fourth Year of War in Iraq Begins; Could Democrats Launch Impeachment Campaign Against Bush?". The Situation Room. CNN. Archived from the original on July 23, 2012. Retrieved November 6, 2007.
- ^ de Moraes, Lisa (March 23, 2006). "'South Park' Responds: Chef's Goose Is Cooked". The Washington Post. p. C07. Archived from the original on June 14, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
- ^ McNamara, Melissa (May 10, 2006). "Did Bloggers Doom 'M:i:III'?". CBS News. CBS Interactive Inc. Archived from the original on May 30, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2007.
- ^ "Parker, Stone Respond to Pulling of 'South Park' Episode". NPR. March 17, 2006. Archived from the original on May 8, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
- ^ Collins, Scott (March 18, 2006). "CHANNEL ISLAND; Clamor outside 'South Park' closet; 'Mission: Impossible' studio joins Cruise's camp in denying it strong-armed scrapping of Scientology repeat". Los Angeles Times. p. Calendar Desk; Part E; 16.
- ^ Usborne, David (March 19, 2006). "South Park declares war on Tom Cruise; Cartoon's parody of Scientology is taken off air, prompting accusations of censorship". The Independent. London. p. NEWS 44. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
- ^ "Tom Cruise biography". Yahoo! Movies. Yahoo! Inc. 2009. Archived from the original on July 5, 2009. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- ^ Anand, Anu (August 23, 2006). "Congo, Iran & Tom Cruise". BBC World Service. BBC. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- ^ "Tom Cruise". Turner Classic Movies. Turner Sports and Entertainment Digital Network. 2009. Archived from the original on July 17, 2010. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- Herald-Sun. www.heraldsun.com.au. 2009. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- ^ Fagertun, Thoralf (May 15, 2008). "Den nye gamle komedien: Aristofanes og South Park: En komparativ analyse av det obskøne, det satiriske og det fantastiske". Munin (in Norwegian). University of Tromsø. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- ^ Emerson, Jim (March 20, 2006). "Closetgate: Latest shocking updates!". Chicago Sun-Times. rogerebert.suntimes.com. Archived from the original on August 30, 2009. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- ^ Carlson, Erin (March 17, 2006). "'South Park'-Scientology battle rages". The Associated Press. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 28, 2008. Retrieved March 13, 2008.
- ^ "Cruise: 'No Oprah Regrets'". hollywood.com. April 16, 2006. Archived from the original on September 15, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2007.
- ^ a b c d Hibberd, James (April 3, 2006). "'South Park' Episode Lives; Scientology Story Line Thrives Online as Comedy Central Looks the Other Way". TelevisionWeek. pp. TV Currents.
- ^ National Nine News. 1997–2007 ninemsn Pty Ltd. Archived from the originalon August 17, 2007. Retrieved November 5, 2007.
- ^ a b c Goodman, Tim (July 15, 2006). "Death March With Cocktails: 'South Park' at 10 trumps Tom Cruise". San Francisco Chronicle. Hearst Communications Inc. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved October 20, 2007.
- ^ "South Park "Trapped in the Closet" Episode to Air Again". tv.ign.com. July 12, 2006. Archived from the original on August 22, 2006. Retrieved November 4, 2006.
- ^ Staff (September 12, 2006). "'South Park' Scientology episode set to rerun: Show that pokes fun at Tom Cruise was abruptly pulled back in March". Today.com. NBC. Associated Press. Archived from the original on September 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2007.
- ^ a b Hammer, A.J.; Mary Murphy; TV Guide (July 14, 2006). "Cruise and South Park; Princess Di Photos; Movie Reviews; Technology Addiction". Showbiz Tonight. CNN. Archived from the original on November 24, 2007. Retrieved March 17, 2009.
- ^ Westbrook, Bruce (March 6, 2007). "Entertainment: More Naughty Fun". Houston Chronicle.
- ^ South Park. "South Park TV Show Episode 912 Episode Trapped in the Closet". South Park Digital Studios. www.southparkstudios.com. Retrieved June 22, 2008.
- ^ Leonard, Devin (October 27, 2006). "'South Park' creators haven't lost their edge". Fortune. Time Warner. Archived from the original on July 9, 2015. Retrieved November 15, 2015.
- ^ Finn, Natalie (August 2, 2006). ""Passion of the Jew" Part 2? Not Quite". E! Online. E! Entertainment Television, Inc. Archived from the original on August 6, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
- ^ "Network execs deny South Park ad targeted Gibson". hollywood.com. August 2, 2006. Archived from the original on December 6, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2007.
- ^ Rothman, Robin A.; Tomcho, Sandy (March 9, 2007). "'South Park' sticks it to Scientology again". recordonline.com. Archived from the original on March 14, 2007. Retrieved March 11, 2007.
- ^ Wenzel, John (March 19, 2007). ""South Park" becomes a gem". The Denver Post. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved October 20, 2007.
- ^ Schorn, Peter. "South Park – The Complete Ninth Season". tv.ign.com. Archived from the original on March 10, 2007. Retrieved March 10, 2007.
- Times Newspapers Ltd. Archivedfrom the original on May 11, 2008. Retrieved January 23, 2008.
- ^ "TV's Top 100 Episodes of All Time" TV Guide; June 15, 2009; pp. 34–49
- S2CID 143313978.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-8126-9613-4.
- ^ a b c Greto, Victor (April 2, 2007). "I offend, therefore I am: University of Delaware professor aimed for 'rude and crude ' in his book on 'South Park'". The News Journal, Delaware Online. USA Today, Gannett.
- ^ Staff (November 2005). "FACTNet.org Names South Park TV Show Staff FACTNet Person(s) of the Year for 2005 for their Recent Scientology Tom Cruise John Travolta Episode". FACTNet. Archived from the original on October 9, 2012.
- ^ Schwatz, Missy (July 28, 2006). "'South' Rises Again". Entertainment Weekly. Bell & Howell Information and Learning Company. p. 12. Archived from the original on October 6, 2008. Retrieved March 13, 2008.
- ^ ""South Park" Finally Wins Emmy". animatedtv.about.com. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved November 4, 2006.
- ^ "Create Arts Emmys winners" (PDF). emmys.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 27, 2007. Retrieved March 10, 2007.
- ^ Gorman, Steve (August 21, 2006). "'Simpsons' Wins Ninth Emmy Award; Bests a Controversial 'South Park' Episode". The Washington Post.
- ^ "South Park: Crude and Rude as Ever". newpaltz.edu. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
- ^ "Comedy Central to Air South Park Episodes That Changed the World". AWN Headline News. Animation World Network. September 19, 2006. Archived from the original on February 6, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
- ^ "Conan the Destroyer". zap2it.com. Archived from the original on September 1, 2006. Retrieved August 28, 2006.
- The Bridge(Released as a free download over the internet on September 10, 2006 by the filmmaker: Film Credits: The Bridge' is licensed as royalty-free digital media, and may be distributed online for personal viewing without permission. All offline distribution rights are reserved by Brett Hanover.).
- ^ "What's the Most Secretive Aspect of Scientology?". YouTube. Archived from the original on September 28, 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2017.
External links
- "Trapped in the Closet" Full episode at South Park Studios
- "Trapped in the Closet" at IMDb