User:Itpastorn/dko/ccna1-3.1-1

Introduction to Networking

Overview CCNA 1 - Module 1 (3.1)

• Understand the physical connections needed for a computer to connect to the Internet
• Recognize the components of a computer
• Install and troubleshoot
  NICs and modems
• Configure the set of Networking
  protocols
  needed for Internet connection
• Use basic procedures to test an Internet connection
• Demonstrate a basic ability to use Web browsers and plug-ins

In this module one only needs cursory knowledge. In-depth knowledge is saved for later.

Introduction to Networking

Requirements for Internet connection

• Physical connection
• Logical connection
• Applications.

"A protocol is a formal description of a set of rules and conventions that govern how devices on a network communicate."

PC Basics

• Transistor
• Integrated circuit
• Resistor
• Capacitor
• Connector (Swedish: "kontakt")
• Light emitting diode
  (LED)
• Printed circuit board (PCB) (Swedish: "Kretskort"
• Blueray
  , (HD-DVD)
• Central processing unit (CPU)
• Floppy disk drive
• Hard disk drive
• Microprocessor – "purpose-designed silicon chip" - "Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI)" - "A microprocessor contains a CPU"
• Motherboard
• Bus (computing)
• Random-access memory (RAM)
• Read-only memory (ROM)
• System unit
• Expansion slot
• Power supply

Backplane components:

• Backplane
• Network interface card
  (NIC)
• Video card
• Audio card
• Parallel port
• Serial port
• Mouse port
• USB
• Firewire

Network interface card

"The NIC uses an interrupt request (IRQ), an input/output (I/O) address, and upper memory space to work with the operating system."

Considerations:

1. Protocols – Speed of
   FDDI
   )
2. Types of media – Twisted-pair, coaxial, wireless, or fiber-optic
3. Type of system bus – PCI, PCI Express (or ISA, EISA or MCA)

NIC and modem installation

• Built-in
• Expansion slot
• PCMCIA
• USB

Overview of high-speed and dial-up connectivity

• The 1969s: 300 bps modems to connect
  dumb terminals to mainframe computers
• The 1970s:
  Bulletin Board Systems
  appear
• The 1980s: BBS's become popular. 9600 bps.
  Fidonet
  .
• The 1990s: Modems reach 56 kbps.
  DSL, Cable modems
  are introduced.

Broadband Internet access

TCP/IP description and configuration

"TCP/IP is a set of protocols or rules that have been developed to allow computers to share resources across a network."

Testing connectivity with ping

• 127.0.0.1
• Ping IP address of host computer
• Ping default-gateway IP address
• Ping remote destination IP address
• Broadcast
  ping
• tracert/traceroute

Web browser and plug-ins

• Netscape Navigator
• Internet Explorer
• Opera
• Gecko layout engine
• Konqueror, based on KHTML (might switch in the future to Webkit)
• Webkit
  (a fork of KHTML)

Popular plug-ins

• Adobe Flash (Adobe has bought Macromedia)
• Quicktime
• Real Player
• Java (programming language)

Troubleshooting Internet connection problems

(Lab)

Network Math

Binary presentation of data

• ASCII

In Swedish: Teckenkodning på webben (screencast)

Bits and bytes

Prefixes

• kibi-
• mebi-
• gibi-
• tebi-

Units

• Byte or octet
• Nibble, 4 bits, can be represented by one hexadecimal character
• Bit
• Character (may be one or more bytes depending upon the Character encoding)

Base 10

number system

Base 2

number system

Converting

binary numbers

Converting 8-bit binary numbers to decimal numbers

Four-octet dotted decimal representation of 32-bit binary numbers

Hexadecimal

Boolean or binary logic

• Logic gates
  • Not
  • And
  • Or

IP addresses and network masks

Network address vz. host address

Extra topics (in addition to CCNA)

Additional resorces (besides Wikipedia)

• What is a Network Interface Card at Learn Networking
• What is a modem at Learn Networking
• A Guide To Network Math at Learn Networking
• Module 1 exam solutions at Learn Networking

Navigation

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